外源性结缔组织生长因子对人肾小管上皮细胞转分化及细胞外基质合成的作用

目的:探讨外源性结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)在人肾小管上皮细胞转分化及细胞外基质合成中的作用.方法:将体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞HK2分为三组:对照组;CT-GF小剂量组(终浓度为2.5 μg/L);CTGF大剂量组(终浓度为20 μg/L).用倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学变化;噻唑蓝(MTr)法检测细胞增殖活性;RT-PCR检测HK2细胞E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin),α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA),纤连蛋白(FN)和胶原ⅠαmRNA水平的变化;免疫组织化学方法观察HK2细胞FN和胶原Ⅰ的表达.结果:CTGF刺激使HK2细胞由椭圆形变为梭形,同时促进HK2细胞增殖.不同浓度的CTGF作用于HK2细胞48 h后,α-SMA和FN mRNA水平显著升高(P＜0.05),E-钙黏蛋白mRNA的表达显著下降(P＜0.05);大剂量CTGF刺激HK2细胞48 h后胶原ⅠαmRNA水平显著升高(P＜0.05).小剂量CTGF组HK2细胞胞质FN表达水平显著增加(P＜0.05),大剂量CTGF组HK2细胞胞质表达FN和胶原Ⅰ均显著增加(P＜0.05).结论:CTGF在体外能够诱导人肾小管上皮细胞转分化,并促进FN的合成,大剂量的CTGF可以增加其胶原Ⅰ的合成.     

IGF-Ⅰ对人肾小管上皮细胞转分化相关基因表达的影响

目的:探讨胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)在人肾小管上皮细胞转分化中的作用。方法:将体外培养的人肾小管上皮细胞(HK2)分为对照组和IGF-Ⅰ组:培养液中加入IGF-Ⅰ,终浓度分别为25、50、100、200ng/ml。倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化。用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术测定HK2细胞E-钙黏蛋白、角蛋白、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、波形蛋白和纤连蛋白(FN)mRNA水平的变化。结果:IGF-Ⅰ刺激使HK2细胞形态由椭圆变为梭形。不同浓度的IGF-Ⅰ作用于HK2细胞48h后E-钙黏蛋白和角蛋白mRNA的表达显著下降(P<0.05),α-SMA、波形蛋白和FNmRNA水平显著升高(P<0.01),且呈剂量依赖性。结论:IGF-Ⅰ在体外能刺激人肾小管上皮细胞向肌成纤维细胞(MyoF)转分化,并促进其合成细胞外基质(ECM)。     

CTGF反义寡核苷酸对AngⅡ诱导的人近曲肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响

目的：探讨结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）反义寡核苷酸对血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）诱导的肾小管细胞转分化的可能影响.方法：采用体外培养的人近曲肾小管上皮细胞株（HK2）,分别观察CTGF反义寡核苷酸和AngⅡ干预细胞对细胞CTGF mRNA和蛋白质的表达、细胞内超微结构及细胞α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）表达的影响.结果：AngⅡ干预HK2细胞48 h后,细胞CTGF mRNA和蛋白的表达显著增高（P＜0.01）;AngⅡ干预96 h后,细胞超微结构显示出间质细胞样结构;这些作用都可被CTGF反义寡核苷酸显著抑制.AngⅡ可以呈时间依赖性地刺激HK2细胞表达α-SMA,这些作用可以被CTGF反义寡核苷酸显著抑制（P＜0.01）.对照组错义寡核苷酸无上述作用.结论：CTGF反义寡核苷酸对AngⅡ诱导HK2细胞转分化具有显著的抑制作用,提示CTGF可能介导了AngⅡ诱导的肾小管上皮细胞转分化.     

内源性结缔组织生长因子介导转化生长因子β1对肾小管上皮细胞的转分化效应

目的：探讨内源性结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）在人肾小管上皮细胞（HK2）转分化过程中的作用。方法：将HK2细胞分为4组：对照组；转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）5ng／ml刺激组；TGF-β1 5ng／ml刺激4-CTGF反义0DN 3 mmol／L干预组；TGF-β1 5ng／ml刺激＋CTGF正义ODN3mmol/L对照组。用倒置显微镜观察各组细胞的形态学变化，用RT-PCR检测各组细胞中CTGF、上皮细胞钙粘蛋白（E-cadherin）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）、纤连蛋白（FN）mRNA表达变化。结果：TGF-β1刺激使HK2细胞形态由椭圆形转为梭形；下调E-cadherinmRNA表达。上调CTGF、α-SMA和FNmRNA表达．且CTGFmRNA表达变化在时间上早于E-cadherin、α-SMA和FNmRNA表达变化；CTGF反义ODN可对抗TGF-β1引起的细胞形态学改变和E-cadherin、CTGF、α-SMA、FiNmRNA表达变化效应。结论：内源性CTGF介导了TGF-β1对HK2细胞的转分化效应。     

干扰素-γ对肾小管上皮细胞转分化的作用

目的 应用转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)诱导肾小管上皮细胞肌纤维母细胞转分化(TEMT),研究干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)对肾小管上皮细胞的表型重塑的作用和机制.方法 将正常大鼠肾小管上皮细胞(NRK52E)分为空白组、诱导组(TGF-β13 ng/mL)、药物组(IFN-γ1000 IU/mL)及阻断组(TGF-β13 ng/mL IFN-γ200、400、600、1000、2000、3000 U/mL),培养72 h后,观察α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)以及结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)的表达;测量α-SMA阳性细胞百分数和平均荧光强度(MCF),α-SMA mRNA,CTGF mRNA的表达;并测定上清液中胶原Ⅲ的含量.结果 ①诱导组细胞转分化为肌成纤维细胞样细胞,α-SMA阳性细胞百分数及MCF均明显增加(P<0.05);α-SMA mRNA和CTGF mRNA表达也明显增加(P<0.05);胶原Ⅲ含量升高(P<0.05).②药物组的细胞形态、α-SMA mRNA、CTGF mRNA表达及胶原Ⅲ含量等与空白组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);⑨阻断组IFN-Υ明显抑制了TGF-β1诱导的转分化,且呈剂量依赖;并抑制胶原Ⅲ合成P<0.05.结论 IFN-Υ能够负性调控TGF-β1诱导的TEMT,减少胶原Ⅲ分泌;IFN-Υ对TEMT的负性词节作用可能是通过减少CTGF表达来实现的.     

环孢素A对肾小管上皮细胞转分化及CTGF表达的影响

目的 观察环孢素A(CSA)对人近端肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)细胞转分化(EMT)及结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)表达的影响,探讨其致肾间质纤维化作用的可能机制.方法 用相差显微镜观察不同浓度(0.5～25.0mg/L)CsA作用下HK-2细胞形态的变化;免疫荧光、RT-PCK、Western Blot分别检测5mg/LCsA刺激细胞不同时间(24～72h)α-SMA在细胞内的表达和分布以及α-SMA、CTGF mRNA和蛋白的表达.结果 显微镜下可见,HK-2细胞随CsA刺激浓度的增加由立方形铺路石样逐渐转变为梭形长条样.免疫荧光显示,随CsA刺激时间的延长细胞质中α-SMA表达逐渐增强.RTPCR和Western Blot显示,CsA呈时间依赖性上调α-SMA、CTGF mRNA和蛋白的表达,24h表达即明显增加,72h增加更为显著(P<0.01);CTGF与α-SMA表达的时间效应一致.结论 环孢素A可上调CTGF的表达、诱导肾小管上皮细胞转分化,进而促进肾间质纤维化.     

肝细胞生长因子对转化生长因子诱导肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响

目的应用转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)诱导肾小管上皮细胞肌纤维母细胞转分化,研究肝细胞生长因子(HGF)对肾小管上皮细胞的表型重塑的作用和机制。方法在正常大鼠肾小管上皮细胞(NRK52E细胞株)培养液中分别加入TGF-β1及HGF,应用倒置相差显微镜、扫描电镜观察细胞形态变化;免疫组织化学方法检测肌纤维母细胞特异性标志物α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的表达;ELISA法分析测定培养细胞上清液中纤维连结蛋白(FN)的含量;RT-PCR检测结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)mRNA表达。结果1TGF-β1诱导肾小管上皮细胞从原有典型的上皮细胞形态转变为长梭形肌成纤维细胞样形态;α-SMA的表达、上清液FN含量、细胞CTGFmRNA表达明显增加(P<0.05)。2单纯HGF对细胞形态学、α-SMA的表达及FN含量与空白对照组无明显影响;不同浓度HGF组的CTGFmRNA表达较空白对照组均增加(P<0.05)。3HGF能抑制TGF-β1诱导的NRK52E细胞形态学改变;α-SMA的表达、FN水平均比诱导组TGF-β1明显下降(P<0.05);HGF抑制了TGF-β1诱导的CT-GFmRNA表达(P<0.05)。结论HGF能够负性调控TGF-β1诱导的肾小管上皮细胞肌纤维母细胞转分化作用,减少FN分泌;HGF对TEMT的负性调节作用可能是通过减少CTGF表达来实现的。     

RNA干扰沉默转化生长因子β1对大鼠移植肾上皮细胞转分化的作用

目的 探讨转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的RNA干扰质粒(shRNA-TGF-β1)对大鼠移植肾上皮细胞转分化的作用.方法 将受体大鼠分为4组:假手术组、质粒组、空质粒组、单纯移植组;建立大鼠肾移植纤维化加快模型,以流体力学为基础的肾脏基因转染方法转染质粒;分1、2、3个月收集肾脏标本;逆转录-PCR及Western印迹法检测TGF-β1、上皮钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的mRNA及蛋白表达;HE染色观察肾脏的病理变化;上皮钙黏蛋白及α肌动蛋白(α-SMA)免疫组化标记肾小管上皮细胞及成纤维母细胞.结果 质粒组TGF-β1在3个检测时间段表达均受到抑制,明显低于空质粒组、单纯移植组[第3个月时TGF-β1 mRNA分别为0.73±0.08比0.92±0.07、0.95±0.04(均P<0.01)];质粒组上皮钙黏蛋白表达高于空质粒组、单纯移植组[第3个月时上皮钙黏蛋白mRNA分别为0.39±0.11比0.15±0.07、0.17±0.06(均P<0.01);上皮钙黏蛋白蛋白分别为0.38±0.08比0.15±0.07、0.15±0.07(均P<0.01)];质粒组肾小管上皮细胞多于空质粒组、单纯移植组,成纤维母细胞少于空质粒组、单纯移植组;病理染色显示质粒组慢性炎症较轻,纤维母细胞较少,细胞外基质沉积较轻.结论 质粒shRNA-TGF-β1能抑制移植肾肾小管上皮细胞转分化,其机制可能是抑制TGF-β1的表达、上调上皮钙黏蛋白的表达.     

针对CTGF的siRNA对高糖诱导人肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响

目的 探讨针对结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）基因的siRNA对高糖条件培养下的人肾小管上皮细胞株HK-2细胞向间充质细胞转分化（EMT）的影响。方法 将体外培养的HK-2细胞分为6组：(1)正常对照组,培养基含D-葡萄糖1g/L;(2)等渗对照组,培养基含D-葡萄糖1g/L,甘露醇3.5g/L;(3)高糖组组,培养基含D-葡萄糖4.5g/L;(4) 高糖+空白对照组：细胞转染空白质粒后于高糖培养基中培养;(5) 高糖+阴性对照组：细胞转染含无关序列的重组质粒后于高糖培养基中培养;(6) 高糖+干扰组：细胞转染针对CTGF的 siRNA表达质粒后于高糖培养基中培养。应用RT-PCR检测CTGF mRNA水平,Western blot法检测CTGF、E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）蛋白水平。结果 高糖刺激可上调HK-2细胞的CTGF mRNA及蛋白水平,并呈时间依赖性降低HK-2细胞的E-cadherin蛋白表达水平,升高α-SMA蛋白表达水平。而通过特异性siRNA抑制CTGF mRNA表达后,细胞的CTGF蛋白表达随时间延长进行性降低,同时伴有细胞E-cadherin蛋白表达升高,α-SMA蛋白表达水平降低。结论 证实了CTGF是高糖诱导HK-2细胞EMT的重要介质。针对CTGF的siRNA能明显改善高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞EMT,为进一步寻找DN防治的靶点提供了新的实验依据。     

siRNA沉默CTGF表达对高糖诱导人肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响

目的探讨针对结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)基因的siRNA对高糖条件培养下的人肾小管上皮细胞株HK-2细胞向间充质细胞转分化(EMT)的影响。方法将体外培养的HK-2细胞分为6组:(1)正常对照组,培养基含D-葡萄糖1g/L;(2)等渗对照组,培养基含D-葡萄糖1g/L,甘露醇3.5 g/L;(3)高糖组,培养基含D-葡萄糖4.5 g/L;(4)高糖+空白对照组:细胞转染空白质粒后于高糖培养基中培养;(5)高糖+阴性对照组:细胞转染含无关序列的重组质粒后于高糖培养基中培养;(6)高糖+干扰组:细胞转染针对CTGF的siR-NA表达质粒后于高糖培养基中培养。应用RT-PCR检测CTGF mRNA水平,Western blot法检测CTGF、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)蛋白水平。结果高糖刺激可上调HK-2细胞的CTGFmRNA及蛋白水平,并呈时间依赖性降低HK-2细胞的E-cadherin蛋白表达水平,升高α-SMA蛋白表达水平。而通过特异性siRNA抑制CTGF mRNA表达后,细胞的CTGF蛋白表达随时间延长进行性降低,同时伴有细胞E-cadherin蛋白表达升高,α-...     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

A preliminary screening study on the associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technologies

Objective：To investigate the optimum screening conditions of associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technique, and to screen the different expression proteins related with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods：Serum samples of peripheral blood were collected from newly diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris patients in the clinic, and 20 matched healthy persons. Serum albumin IgG was removed by filtering with ProteoExtract Albumin/IgG. After comparative proteomics analysis the different protein spots were identified using 2-DE and MS. Results ：Electrophoresis figures with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Three different expression proteins were found only in the serum from psoriasis vulgaris patients, while nine other different proteins expressing from healthy volunteers. Conclusion：The protein expression was different in the serum between the psoriasis vulgaris patients and healthy volunteers. It was hoped that we could find the biomarkers related to psoriasis vulgaris by using proteomics.     

A CASE OF HUGE GASTRIC DISOPYROBEZOAR

PYTOBEZOARS are common bezoars in gastrontestinal tract, commonly seen in stomach and mall intestine,1but huge disopyrobezoars are     

Acupuncture Treatment of Chest Bi Syndrome

CASE HISTORY A male,a retired officer of 61 years old,paid his first visit on May 12,2006.The patient stated that 2 weeks before he suddenly got paroxysmal precordial choking pain,with irregular attacks.Each attack would last several seconds to several minutes.The attack was accompanied with heavy oppressed sensation in the precordial region,palpitation,lassitude,and in severe cases,sweating,which was once diagnosed by a hospital as'coronary heart disease'.Recalling the case history,the patient said that several days before he got angry with others because of some affairs in work,and he was not so used to the life pattern since he had just retired from his busy working post.At usual times,he was quick tempered and peevish.In recent days,he had poor appetite,and loose stool.     

Instructions to Contributors

The English edition of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine is edited and published by the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press.Original scientific papers of advanced clinical and experimental medicine in the field of complementary/alternative medicine or integrative medicine are expected.     

Development Is A High Level Inheritance for China Time-honored Brand Products

<正>As culture is the soul of a nation,the three books,"History of Chinese Philosophy,""History of Chinese Culture"and"History of Chinese Science and Technology"have demonstrated the superiority of our great Chinese culture,and its significant impact in the field of international culture.Both core value and practical value of the Chinese culture are very clear,reflected in the views of universe,nature,life,health,disease,and therapy and related considerations,concepts,and technical methods.