不明原因复发性流产中铁死亡的生物信息学分析及验证

目的：探究铁死亡关键基因在不明原因复发性流产（URSA）发生发展中的作用，初步确定潜在生物标志物。方法：从基因表达综合（GEO）数据库下载数据集GSE26787，利用GEO2R筛选差异表达基因（DEGs）；从FerrDb V2数据库下载铁死亡相关基因；DEGs与铁死亡基因取交集获得URSA铁死亡相关基因；利用DAVID数据库对URSA铁死亡相关基因进行基因本体（GO）富集及京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路分析；利用String数据库和Cytoscape软件分析蛋白互作网络，筛选Hub基因；采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测Hub基因在人工流产组及URSA组患者蜕膜组织中mRNA的表达水平。结果：共筛选出55个URSA铁死亡基因；GO功能富集提示URSA铁死亡相关基因主要在自噬调节、RNA聚合酶Ⅱ启动子转录正调控、膜的整体组分、酶及p53蛋白受体结合富集。KEGG通路分析显示URSA铁死亡基因富集最明显的为FoXO信号通路。采用String数据库及Cytoscape软件筛选出的URSA铁死亡关键基因分别为EGFR、SRC、KRAS、MDM2。RT-qPCR检测结果显示，...     

microRNA⁃449a通过调控MDM4抑制神经母细胞瘤生长

目的：研究microRNA?449a（miR?449a）对神经母细胞瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法：在BE（2）?C细胞中过表达miR?449a后通过实时荧光定量PCR（quantitative real?time PCR,qPCR）分析基因表达水平的变化,MTT分析细胞活力,克隆形成试验观察肿瘤细胞增殖能力,同时,采用microRNA靶标预测和功能注释数据库miRDB预测miR?449a潜在靶向基因,对靶基因MDM4进行过表达和干扰表达后,Western blot分析相关蛋白表达水平,流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡。结果：miR?449a过表达抑制细胞增殖及克隆形成。经过软件预测和实验验证,证实MDM4为miR?449a的1个靶基因。另外干扰MDM4表达后亦可以抑制细胞增殖和克隆形成。过表达MDM4可以抵消由转染miR?449a模拟物所引起的细胞凋亡和p53蛋白量的增加。miR?449a可以促进BE（2）?C细胞凋亡,但是在稳定干扰p53表达的细胞株没有观察到这种效应。结论：miR?449a通过靶向调控MDM4基因进而稳定p53蛋白从而促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,提示miR?449a可能作为神经母细胞瘤潜在治疗靶标之一。     

高通量测序筛查特发性牙龈纤维瘤和正常牙龈外泌体miRNAs差异表达

目的利用高通量测序技术筛选出特发性牙龈纤维瘤病牙龈成纤维细胞（IGF-GFs）与正常个体牙龈成纤维细胞（N-GFs）分泌的外泌体中差异表达的miRNAs,通过生物信息学分析预测靶基因和相关信号通路,进而为研究特发性牙龈纤维瘤病的发病机制奠定基础。方法原代培养IGF-GFs和N-GFs,收集细胞培养上清提取外泌体;使用IlluminaHiSeqTM2500测序平台对IGF-GFs和N-GFs来源外泌体中的miRNAs进行测序分析,使用Target Scan、miRDB、miRTar Base、miRWalk四款软件、KEGG数据库对部分表达差异显著的miRNAs进行靶基因预测和KEGG通路预测,并使用实时荧光定量PCR技术验证外泌体中差异性miRNAs的表达。结果 IGF-GFs和N-GFs来源的外泌体中miRNA分别占nc RNA中的0.74%、0.46%;高通量测序筛选出92个显著差异表达的miRNAs,挑选的12个miRNAs共预测出靶基因1304个以及多条信号通路,实时荧光定量PCR技术检测的3个miRNAs在IGF-GFs和N-GFs来源的外泌体中均有差异... 更多     

MDM2在部分皮肤良恶性疾病中的研究进展

MDM2(鼠双微染色体2)是p53调控网络中的下游靶基因,它作为p53的重要调节因子,参与细胞的生长抑制、细胞周期的调控及细胞的凋亡过程。另外,它具有降解p53的功能,参与肿瘤的发生、发展。MDM2基因存在一些单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,其中,SNP309位点具有T/G多态性,使碱基T被G取代,这种变异能够上调MDM2RNA和蛋白的表达量     

唐氏综合征胎儿羊水外泌体miRNA差异表达谱分析

目的 探讨胎儿羊水外泌体中miRNA在唐氏综合征（DS）胎儿生长发育中的作用。方法 收集DS胎儿羊水和正常胎儿羊水,分别提取羊水外泌体 miRNA。设置对照组：正常胎儿羊水外泌体 miRNA;DS 组：DS 胎儿羊水外泌体 miRNA。运用miRNA测序技术筛选出两组中差异表达的miRNA,并对差异表达的miRNA进行靶基因预测及功能分析（GO）和信号通路分析。从差异表达的miRNA中挑选3个与DS表型最相关的miRNA进行qPCR验证。通过双荧光素酶报告基因技术验证let-7d-5p对BACH1的靶向调控作用。结果 和对照组相比,DS组中存在15个差异表达的miRNA,其中表达上调的miRNA有7个,表达下调的miRNA有8个。靶基因预测结果发现差异表达的miRNA可以靶向调控17种与DS相关的基因。GO分析发现靶基因主要功能与蛋白结合、蛋白转运、ATP结合、转移酶活性、突触等有关。Pathway通路分析发现富集显著的功能通路与神经系统发育有着密切的联系。qPCR验证结果发现与对照组相比,DS组中miR-140-3p、let-7d-5p水平显著降低（P<0.05）,与测序结果一致;而DS组中miR-4512水平较对照组显著增加（P<0.05）,与测序结果相反。双荧光素酶报告基因检测结果证实let-7d-5p可靶向调控BACH1的表达。结论 羊水外泌体let-7d-5p可能通过调控BACH1的表达促进DS胎儿大脑氧化应激事件。     

肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血液中差异表达miRNAs的筛选及鉴定

目的：筛选鉴定与肺炎支原体肺炎相关的特异性miRNAs。方法：收集肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的血液,通过miRNA芯片技术分析肺炎支原体肺炎患儿和正常人血液淋巴细胞中miRNAs的表达谱变化,通过RT-PCR方法验证芯片检测结果的准确性,确认与肺炎支原体肺炎相关的特异性miRNAs。利用靶基因软件预测各自可能的靶基因,利用RT-PCT验证mRNA表达差异。结果：肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血液淋巴细胞中筛选出表达上调的miRNA 105个,表达下调的133个。其中上调（大于5倍）的30个,上调（大于10倍）的10个,下调（小于0.5倍）的133个(P＜0.05)。选取表达差异显著的miR-20a-3p、miR-100-5p、miR-93-5p以及let-7b-5进行后续RT-PCR的验证,结果与芯片一致;Bcl-2、IGF-1R、PTEN、TGFβR1 mRNA表达有不同程度的降低。结论：miRNAs在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血液淋巴细胞中存在差异表达,而这些差异表达的miRNAs及其潜在靶基因可能参与肺炎支原体导致的感染与免疫反应。     

miR-143-5p对镉致肾细胞凋亡的调控作用及其机制

目的:探讨miR-143-5p对镉诱导LLC-PK1细胞凋亡的调控作用及其机制?方法:通过基因芯片技术筛选出由镉引起的差异表达miRNAs,并用实时定量PCR方法验证基因芯片结果的可靠性;应用Lipofectamine 2000瞬时转染miR-143-5p的模拟物和抑制剂建立miR-143-5p高表达和低表达的模型,并结合qRT-PCR技术验证转染效果;Hoechst 33258染色和Annexin V-PI双染法检测细胞凋亡;生物信息学分析结合实时定量PCR和Western blot验证miR-143-5p靶基因的表达;Western blot分析miR-143-5p对细胞凋亡相关通路的调控作用?结果:镉可增强LLC-PK1细胞的miR-143-5p表达水平(P < 0.01);转染miR-143-5p模拟物或抑制剂后,与对照组(miR-NC)比较,miR-143-5p表达明显上调或下调(P < 0.01);miR-143-5p的过表达可促进 LLC-PK1细胞凋亡 (P < 0.01);miR-143-5p在AKT3的mRNA和蛋白水平上发挥靶向调控作用;miR-143-5p过表达能抑制p-Akt和p-Bad蛋白表达,促进caspase-9和caspase-3蛋白上调?结论:miR-143-5p可能通过作用于靶基因AKT3,并抑制Akt/Bad信号通路,促进镉诱导LLC-PK1细胞的凋亡?     

上调NDRG1基因表达对肺腺癌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的：建立稳定转染N-myc下游调节基因1（N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1,NDRG1）的A549细胞株,探讨NDRG1对A549细胞增殖与凋亡的影响及其可能的分子机制。方法：经脂质体介导将含有NDRG1的重组表达质粒转染人肺腺癌A549细胞株,采用G418筛选阳性细胞克隆并进行实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）、蛋白质印迹鉴定;qRT-PCR和蛋白质印迹检测阳性细胞克隆P21及鼠双微体基因2（murine doubleminute 2,MDM2）的表达;MTT比色法检测阳性细胞克隆的增殖活性;流式细胞仪检测阳性细胞克隆凋亡率。结果：成功建立高表达NDRG1的阳性A549细胞克隆（N11）;N11细胞P21表达及细胞凋亡率显著增高（P〈0.05）,而MDM2表达及细胞增殖显著降低（P〈0.05）。结论：上调A549细胞NDRG1表达后,细胞凋亡增加而细胞增殖降低,其作用机制可能与P21表达增高而MDM2表达降低有关。     

人肝癌组织中APRIL及其受体mRNA水平的定量测定

[摘要]目的：采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RFQ—PCR）技术分析肝癌组织中增殖诱导配体（APRIL）及其受体mRNA的表达水平。方法：在APRIL及其受体基因的高保守区设计相应引物和荧光探针，实时检测PCR产物的荧光强度。根据标准品建立的标准曲线。由软件自动计算出待测样本中靶基因mRNA准确含量，并以靶基因和内参B2MmRNA含量的比值作为评价靶基因表达水平的指标。     

构建p53双荧光报告载体及其功能验证

目的：构建p53双荧光报告载体,验证其能否模拟野生型p53的生物学活性并适用于高通量筛选。方法：用PCR在p53和萤火虫荧光素酶的开放阅读框两端引入酶切位点并移除p53的终止密码和萤火虫荧光素酶的起始密码,然后将二者插入到由内部核糖体进入位点引导的海肾荧光素酶的上游,从而构建出一个能表达P53萤火虫荧光素融合蛋白的p53FL/IRES/RL双荧光报告载体。转染该报告载体后,检测被表达的P53荧光素融合蛋白是否被MDM2降解、该融合蛋白的亚细胞定位和它对p53特异性启动子的诱导。结果：成功构建出p53双荧光报告载体。该载体在宿主细胞内表达的P53荧光素融合蛋白能被MDM2降解;主要分布于细胞核;具有野生型p53的转录活性。结论：新构建的p53双荧光报告载体p53FL/IRES/RL能有效模拟野生型p53的功能,适用于高通量筛选调节P53蛋白含量的药物、基因或化合物。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…