12种中药单体对APPswe/PS△E9转基因痴呆模型小鼠学习记忆作用的比较

目的 利用APPswe/PS△E9转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型探索治疗痴呆有效的中药单体.方法 根据目前的研究资料,选定12种中药单体,加入鼠粮中对APPswe/PS△E9双转基因小鼠在5月龄开始进行治疗,以安理申作为阳性药对照,4周后进行水迷宫实验,并与安慰剂组小鼠进行比较.结果 在水迷宫实验中,与安慰剂组相比,吴茱萸碱能够显著缩短寻找平台的潜伏期,显著增加穿过原平台区的次数.结论 吴茱萸碱能够显著改善APPswe/PS△E9痴呆模型小鼠的学习记忆能力.     

姜黄素对9月龄APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠行为学的影响

目的 应用Morris水迷宫,测试AD模型APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠定位航行及空间搜索等学习记忆和记忆保持能力,评价姜黄素对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠认知功能的影响。方法 将3月龄的APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、罗格列酮组(10 mg?kg-1?d-1)、姜黄素高(400 mg?kg-1?d-1)、中(200 mg?kg-1?d-1)、低剂量组(100 mg?kg-1?d-1),每组6只;并以同月龄遗传背景相同的C57/BL6J小鼠作为对照组。每天灌胃给药1次,连续灌胃6个月。应用Morris水迷宫进行行为学检测。结果 姜黄素对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠空间学习记忆能力障碍有改善作用,尤以姜黄素中剂量组效果比较明显。结论 姜黄素能改善APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠的认知功能。     

阿尔茨海默病模型小鼠自主活动能力的分析

目的研究阿尔茨海默病APP/PS双转基因小鼠自主行为的改变和作为阿尔茨海默病行为特征的可行性。方法对APPswe/PSΔE9双转基因小鼠和野生鼠分别在4月龄、6月龄、8月龄进行旷场自主行为实验,并与Morris水迷宫分析进行比较,利用SPSS16.0软件统计分析。结果在4月龄、6月龄转基因小鼠的学习记忆能力、以及自主性探究性行为与野生鼠比较有明显的差异。表现为:模型鼠学习记忆能力减弱,兴奋性增高,自主活动增加。这些表现与临床患者的症状有许多相似性,8月龄时,差异减小。结论APPswe/PSΔE9双转基因小鼠的自主行为学表现为烦躁不安,自主活动增加,与阿尔茨海默病患者的临床表现有许多相似之处,可作为小鼠模型判别的行为标志之一,在阿尔茨海默病的病因病机研究和药物研发等方面具有一定的应用价值。     

初步探讨鸟嘌呤核苷、姜黄素对AD双转基因小鼠学习记忆的影响

目的 采用Morris水迷宫测试小鼠定位航行及空间搜索等学习记忆和记忆保持能力,评价鸟嘌呤核苷、姜黄素对4月龄APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠认知功能的影响。方法 将3月龄APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、盐酸多奈哌齐组(0.92 mg?kg-1?d-1)、鸟嘌呤核苷组(20mg?kg-1?d-1)、姜黄素组(200mg?kg-1?d-1)、姜黄素(200mg?kg-1?d-1)和鸟嘌呤核苷组(20mg?kg-1?d-1),每组12只;并以同月龄野生型C57/BL6J小鼠作对照。每天给药1次,连续给药1个月。应用Morris水迷宫进行行为学检测。结果 鸟嘌呤核苷、姜黄素对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠空间学习记忆能力障碍有改善作用,尤其以姜黄素组明显。结论 鸟嘌呤核苷、姜黄素能改善APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠的早期出现的认知障碍。     

姜黄素对阿尔茨海默双转基因小鼠海马超微结构的影响

目的 应用电子显微镜,观察β-淀粉样前体蛋白swe基因/早老蛋白1dE9基因(APPswe/PS1dE9)双转基因小鼠海马CA1区神经元以及突触的变化,评价姜黄素对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠认知功能的影响.方法将3月龄的APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、罗格列酮组(0.92 mg/kg)...     

半夏泻心汤和鸟嘌呤核苷对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠学习记忆的影响

目的采用跳台和Morris水迷宫检测半夏泻心汤和鸟嘌呤核苷对6月龄APPswe/PS1d E9双转基因小鼠学习记忆的影响。方法将APPswe/PS1d E9双转基因小鼠随机分为模型组5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)灌胃、西药对照组盐酸多奈哌齐0.92 mg/(kg·d)灌胃、半夏泻心汤组650 mg/(kg·d)灌胃、中药对照组姜黄素200 mg/(kg·d)灌胃、鸟嘌呤核苷组0.5%CMC灌胃,除鸟嘌呤核苷组腹腔注射鸟嘌呤核苷16 mg/(kg·d),其他各组腹腔注射等体积的生理盐水,每组15只。正常组0.5%CMC灌胃和等体积的生理盐水腹腔注射为同窝野生型C57BL/6J小鼠。于3月龄时开始对各组小鼠分别实施对应的干预,给药3个月后,应用跳台和Morris水迷宫对小鼠进行行为学检测。结果跳台实验结果显示,模型组小鼠比正常组潜伏期时间明显缩短(P0.01);与模型组比,各干预组小鼠潜伏期时间均显著增加(P0.01)。Morris水迷宫结果显示,随着天数的增加,各组小鼠逃避潜伏期的时间缩短,游泳距离也呈递减趋势,中间有小幅波动。Morris水迷宫结果显示,空间探索实验即撤台实验中,模型组小鼠目标象限停留时间显著少于正常组(P0.01),西药对照组、中药对照组以及半夏泻心汤组小鼠的目标象限停留时间均比模型组延长(P0.05)。结论半夏泻心汤对APPswe/PS1d E9双转基因小鼠的早期学习记忆障碍具有改善作用,鸟嘌呤核苷可提高小鼠的记忆保持能力。     

金思维提取物对APPswe/PS1dE9转基因小鼠海马淀粉样前体蛋白表达水平的影响

目的观察金思维提取物(GAPT)对APPswe/PS1d E9双转基因小鼠海马内APP表达水平的影响。方法将3月龄的APPswe/PS1d E9转基因小鼠随机分为模型组、盐酸多奈哌齐组及GAPT大、中、小剂量组,并以同月龄遗传背景相同的C57BL/6J小鼠作为正常组,每组12只,灌胃给药6个月后,以蛋白印迹法(Western blot)检测海马内淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)表达变化。结果模型组小鼠海马中APP表达水平显著高于正常组(P0.01);各治疗组与模型组相比,APP蛋白表达水平均显著降低,其中GAPT小剂量组(P0.01)、GAPT中剂量组(P0.01)、GAPT大剂量组(P0.01)、多奈哌齐组(P0.01);各GAPT组与多奈哌齐组比较结果 APP表达水平均高于多奈哌齐组,其中GAPT小剂量组(P0.01)、GAPT中剂量组(P0.01)有显著性差异,而GAPT大剂量组(P0.05)无明显差异。结论GAPT可能具有抑制APPswe/PS1d E9双转基因小鼠海马内APP蛋白过度表达的作用。     

MicroPET观察姜黄素对APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠脑葡萄糖代谢的影响

目的利用18氟-脱氧葡萄糖microPET(18F-FDG microPET)影像学技术观察正常对照组小鼠,模型组和姜黄素治疗组APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠的脑葡萄糖代谢情况。方法随机挑选6月龄正常对照组C57BL/6J小鼠3只,模型组和姜黄素治疗组APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠各3只,通过2%异氟烷吸入麻醉后,从尾静脉弹丸式注射放射性示踪剂18F-FDG每例约14.8～16.5 MBq,摄取45 min后进行10 min microPET图像采集。计算并比较各组小鼠每克脑组织(除小脑)18F-FDG的摄取率。结果姜黄素治疗组小鼠每克脑组织18F-FDG的摄取率高于正常对照组和模型组。结论姜黄素能明显提高APPswe/PS1dE9双转基因小鼠脑18 F-FDG的摄取及每克脑组织的摄取率,并可能通过影响脑葡萄糖代谢而发挥神经保护作用。     

APP/PS双转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型的老年斑及行为学动态分析

目的研究APP／PS1双转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型老年斑形成和行为改变的动态过程。方法将转APPswe突变基因小鼠与转PSAE9基因突变小鼠杂交，PCR鉴定APPswe／PSAE9双突变转基因小鼠的基因表型，筛选阳性小鼠建立APPswe／PS／kE9双转基因C57BL／6J小鼠模型。抗邮免疫组化、改良Bieschowsky银染法、Thioflavin-S荧光分别动态检测3、4、5、6、9、12月龄APPswe／PSAE9双转基因小鼠大脑病理改变。荷兰Noldus公司EthovisionXT监测分析软件动态观察3、6、9月龄的APPswe／PSAE9双转基因小鼠Morris水迷宫行为学改变。利用SPSS16．0软件统计分析。结果建立了人APPswe／PSAE9双转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型。3月龄APP／PS1双转基因小鼠大脑组织抗Aβ1—17免疫组织化学、改良Bieschowsky银染法、Thioflavin—S荧光未检测到有明显老年斑形成。4．5月龄APPswe／PSAE9双转基因小鼠大脑组织上述三种方法均可检测到老年斑。9、12月龄双转基因小鼠老年斑数量体积明显增加，出现与阿尔茨海默病患者较相似的老年斑改变。Morris水迷宫试验发现3、6、9月龄APPswe／PSAE9双转基因小鼠行为学结果与同月龄野生型小鼠有差异，说明与同月龄野生型小鼠相比出现记忆学习能力缺陷（P〈0．05）。结论成功建立了人APPswe／PSAE9双转基因小鼠阿尔茨海默病模型，为阿尔茨海默病发病机制研究和药物研发提供了有价值的动物模型。     

中药活性成分复方对AD转基因模型小鼠海马Aβ的影响

目的：：观察淫羊藿、黄芪、葛根有效组分复方对阿尔茨海默病（AD）APPswe/PS1ΔE9双转基因小鼠模型海马β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）表达的影响。方法：6月龄雄性APPswe/PS1ΔE9双转基小鼠20只,随机分为模型组和复方组,6月龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠10只作为正常对照组。用药三个月后,采用免疫组化法检测各组小鼠海马Aβ的表达情况。结果：与正常对照组相比,模型组Aβ蛋白表达明显升高（P＜0.05）;与模型组相比,复方组Aβ蛋白表达明显降低（P＜0.05）。结论：应用淫羊藿、黄芪、葛根有效组分复方可以降低AD模型小鼠海马Aβ的表达,从而缓解AD中枢神经系统功能衰退。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…