76例新生儿肺透明膜病治疗经验体会

目的 总结新生儿肺透明膜病(NRDS)的治疗经验,进一步提高NRDS的抢救成功率.方法 自2003年1月至2012年3月对具有NRDS高危因素的患者,采用CPAP、肺泡表面活性物质和机械通气预防为先、防治并重原则治疗NRDS.结果 76例NRDS治愈率达93.4%,较2003年以前的抢救成功率66.7%有了明显的提高,经X2检验有显著差异性,且无早产儿视网膜病及支气管肺发育不良的发生.结论 采用CPAP、肺泡表面活性物质防治NRDS,在NRDS尚未发生多器官功能衰竭之前早期上机,可为基层医院争取抢救机会,提高NRDS的抢救成功率.     

提高极早产儿成活率的临床研究

目的:探讨应用预防为先,防治并重的治疗理念,早预防、早诊断、早治疗,提高极早产儿成活率。方法:选取2012年6月-2015年5月本院新生儿科重症监护室收治的胎龄小于32周的极早产儿作为治疗组,应用INSURE策略早期预防新生儿肺透明膜病,早预防;应用气管内吸引早期诊断新生儿肺出血,早诊断;应用高频振荡通气、常频通气、全自动外周静脉换血,早治疗,将关口前移,早期中止早产儿疾病进展,为基层医院创造抢救机会;选取2009年6月-2012年5月本院新生儿科重症监护室收治的胎龄小于32周的极早产儿作为对照组,仅采用一般治疗。比较两组患儿的相关指标的差异。结果:治疗组58例,发生NRDS 13例,发病率22.4%;发生肺出血2例,发病率3.4%;上机10例,上机率17.2%;抢救成功率达93.1%。对照组54例,发生NRDS 23例,发病率42.6%;发生肺出血10例,发病率18.5%;上机率31.4%;抢救成功率达74.1%。治疗组抢救成功率高于对照组,NRDS发病率、新生儿肺出血发病率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组上机率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采取预防为先,防治并重的治疗理念,可提高极早产儿抢救成功率,降低NRDS、新生儿肺出血发病率,值得在基层医院推广。     

早期气管内滴入以氨溴索为载体的布地奈德防治早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的效果研究

目的探讨出生后早期气管内滴入以氨溴索为载体的布地奈德对早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)的防治效果。方法采用前瞻性临床对照研究方法,选取我院2010年1月—2012年5月胎龄≤32周或出生体质量<1500 g的早产儿87例,采用随机数字表法分为2组,对照组41例和观察组46例。对照组出生后早期气管内滴入肺表面活性物质和布地奈德混合剂,观察组气管内滴入大剂量氨溴索和布地奈德混合剂,均予经鼻持续气道正压通气(nCPAP),比较两组早产儿NRDS的发生情况、NRDS治愈率、有创机械通气率和纠正胎龄36周时的病死率。结果治疗前,对照组早产儿发生NRDS 32例,未发生NRDS 9例;观察组早产儿发生NRDS 28例,未发生NRDS 18例。两组NRDS发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.9892,P=0.0838)。治疗后两组均无NRDS新发病例,对照组NRDS治愈率为97%(31/32),观察组NRDS治愈率为96%(27/28),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.0002,P=0.9900)。对照组有创机械通气率为31%(10/32),观察组有创机械通气率为32%(9/28),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.0029,P=0.9574)。出院后纠正胎龄36周时随访,对照组失访1例,观察组失访2例。对照组死亡2例(5%),观察组死亡3例(7%),两组病死率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.1099,P=0.7402)。结论早产儿出生后早期气管内滴入大剂量以氨溴索为载体的布地奈德,配合nCPAP,能有效防治NRDS,取得以肺表面活性物质为载体的布地奈德相同的疗效。其药源广、价廉、疗效确实,值得临床推广应用。     

早产儿早期应用肺表面活性物质联合NCPAP的临床观察

目的：探讨早产儿早期应用肺表面活性物质联合NCPAP的临床疗效。方法：将138例胎龄〈34周,出生体重〈2500g的早产儿随机分成2组,2组均采用综合对症支持治疗,治疗组在生后30min内,无论有无缺氧,均予气管插管,气管内滴入肺表面活性物质联合应用NCPAP进行呼吸道管理,观察早产儿NRDS、呼吸暂停发生率、机械通气应用率。结果：治疗组NRDS、呼吸暂停发生率及机械通气应用率均明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：早期应用肺表面活性物质联合NC-PAP对孕周〈34周的早产儿能减少NRDS、呼吸暂停的发生,减少机械通气,提高生存率。     

肺表面活性物质预防高危早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床观察

目的探讨应用肺表面活性物质(PS)预防高危早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)的临床效果。方法28例高危早产儿气管内滴注单剂预防量PS,与同期未用PS的30例高危早产儿进行临床对照研究。结果治疗组在氧疗时间、机械通气时间、住院时间、重症HMD(三、四级)发病率、上机率、并发症发生率方面与对照组比较有显著性差异。结论PS预防性给药可缩短氧疗时间、机械通气时间和住院时间,减少重症HMD(三、四级)发病率,减少上机率,减少并发症,值得临床推广。     

经胃管微创使用肺泡表面活性物质治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效分析

目的探讨采用胃管代替气管导管注射肺泡表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)在新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,NRDS)患儿治疗中的应用效果。方法选择我院2012年3月~2015年9月在早产儿NRDS的替代中使用肺泡表面活性物质的患儿分为两组,将采用MIST方法的患儿确认为观察组(n=45);使用INSURE方法为对照组(n=45)。记录两组患儿使用肺泡表面活性物质的量,气管插管次数,插管时间,有创、无创通气时间,吸氧时间。观察治疗中患儿发生气胸,早期败血症等并发症及镇静治疗情况等。结果两组患儿在性别、胎龄、体重、产前激素使用率等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组在首次插管1次性成功率,首次气管插管时间,使用肺泡表面活性物质总剂量,再次使用肺泡表面活性物质的插管时间,有创、无创通气时间方面与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。且观察组中有69%的患儿不需要再次进行气管插管,而对照组患儿需要麻醉镇静的患儿增加,提高了气管插管率,延长了通气时间。结论采用MIST方法给药治疗损伤小,不需要镇静,减少给药次数,节约给药量,减少有创与无创通气时间,有效降低治疗期间患儿的并发征。     

PS加CPAP治疗早产儿肺透明膜病的临床疗效分析

目的 观察肺泡表面活性物质（PS）加持续气道正压呼吸（CPAP）治疗早产儿肺透明膜病（HMD）的疗效。方法对22例生后12 h内患HMDⅡ~Ⅲ级的早产儿,在CPAP治疗的基础上,气管内注入PS治疗;与同期20例只用CPAP治疗的患儿比较,观察2组患儿的治疗效果及转用机械通气的情况。结果 CPAP加用PS治疗组患儿的肺功能、胸片、合并症及转用机械通气病例、住院时间与对照组相比有显著性差异,治疗组优于对照组。结论 PS加CPAP治疗早产儿HMD能够显著提高疗效,进而提高早产儿抢救成功率,降低并发症的发生,值得在临床应用。     

高频振荡通气与肺表面活性物质联合治疗新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效研究

<正>新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(neonatal respiratory distree syndrome,NRDS)是由于新生儿肺发育不完善,肺表面活性物质(PS)缺乏导致的,早产儿比较多见,其主要的症状是出生后的数小时内出现明显的呼吸困难、面色青紫、呼吸衰竭[1]。传统的机械通气方法并不能很好地纠正患者的低氧血症,治疗效果还不是很理想。对NRDS患者使用PS可以有效地降低肺表面活性物质,防止肺萎陷,维持稳定的肺泡张力和血气指标,对提高肺顺应性,清除肺液,保护肺上皮细胞等方面也有效果。但是有研究表明单纯使用PS对NRDS特别是早产儿效果并不理想,近年来临床上产生了配合PS使用的多种治疗方案,例如持续气道正压(CPAP)+PS,压力控制通气(PAV)+PS,而我们采用高频振荡通气(HFOV)+PS。     

肺泡表面活性物质预防新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床观察

目的探讨外源性肺泡表面活性物质（PS）预防新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）的临床疗效。方法将46例胎龄26～32wk、体重1000～1500g的早产儿随机分为两组，预防组出生后2h内气管内滴入PS，对照组不用PS，两组患儿均给予相同的综合治疗，比较两组NRDS的发生率、需要机械通气的比例、机械通气的时间及胸片改变的严重程度。结果预防组NRDS发生率，需要机械通气的比例及机械通气时间较对照组低，二者比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；预防组胸片改变程度比对照组轻。结论早产儿出生后预防性应用PS可以降低NRDS发生率，减轻NRDS发病程度。     

简易CPAP给氧治疗新生儿肺透明膜病的护理

新生儿肺透明膜病(HMD)又称新生儿特发性呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS),是指新生儿出生后不久即出现进行性呼吸困难、青紫和呼吸衰竭,主要见于早产儿,因肺泡表面活性物质缺乏导致进行性肺不张,而尽早利用简易CPAP给氧治疗有利于肺泡表面物质的产生和减少消耗,使肺泡扩张,增加功能残气量,改善通气和血流失衡使PaO2上升,具有无创、效果可靠等优点,通过精心的治疗和护理,收到良好的效果,现将护理体会报告如下.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…