荧光定量RT PCR法检测OATP B和OATP D mRNA表达

目的建立荧光定量RT—PCR检测肺癌及正常肺组织中人类有机阴离子转运多肽(organic anion transporting polypeptide, OATP) OATP B、OATP D mRNA表达的方法,了解肺癌和正常肺组织中OATP B、OATP D mRNA的表达水平。 方法利用RT PCR方法从肺癌及正常肺组织中扩增出目的基因片段,用TA克隆的方法将基因片段插入到PGEM T质粒载体中,在Line Gene荧光定量检测系统上建立检测OATP B、OATP D mRNA表达的标准曲线,并通过40例肺癌及正常肺组织标本进行验证。结果成功构建了OATP基因的质粒重组子,建立了在mRNA水平定量检测OATP B、OATP D基因的标准曲线,相关系数为0.998。以荧光定量RT—PCR法检测, OATP B、OATP D 的mRNA在肺癌及正常肺组织中均有表达,且肺癌中OATP B、OATP D mRNA的表达水平高于正常肺组织（P＜0．05）。 结论成功建立了荧光定量RT PCR检测OATP B、OATP D mRNA表达的方法,检测结果用绝对拷贝数表示,定量准确可靠,敏感性高。     

实时荧光定量PCR在检测人ANP基因表达的应用

目的 建立心房钠尿肽(ANP)基因mRNA表达水平的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,并对该方法进行初步评价.方法 以基因表达产物为模板,建立实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,对样本中的心房钠尿肽含量进行相对定量,比较不同样本组的基因表达水平.结果 所建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法熔解曲线中熔解峰单一.肺癌患者胸腔样本的ANP含量为对照样本的4.68倍,血清样本为对照样本的16.03倍.结论 所建立的ANP实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有较高的特异性.肺癌患者胸腔液和血清中ANP的含量明显增高.     

荧光定量PCR与半定量PCR检测猕猴不同器官组织中黄嘌呤脱氢酶/氧化酶基因的mRNA表达差异的比较

目的 比较荧光定量PCR与半定量PCR检测猕猴体内肝脏组织、上皮组织、睾丸组织、心肌组织,肾脏组织中黄嘌呤脱氢酶氧化酶(XDH/XO)的mRNA的相对表达量的差异,为改进实验研究方法学提供参考依据。方法 提取健康猕猴新鲜肝脏组织、上皮组织、睾丸组织、心肌组织,肾脏组织中总RNA,使用相同的引物序列及内参基因,分别用荧光定量PCR与半定量PCR进行相对定量检测,结果做比对分析。结果 两种检测方法均能检测到健康猕猴新鲜肝脏组织、上皮组织、睾丸组织、心肌组织,肾脏组织中XDH/XO的mRNA表达,荧光定量PCR灵敏度可检测到肝脏组织0.4ng总RNA中的XDH/XO的mRNA表达,半定量PCR灵敏度可检测到肝脏组织15.625 ng总RNA中的XDH/XO的mRNA表达,荧光定量PCR较半定量灵敏度高39倍。两种方法检测结果均显示猕猴不同组织XDH/XO的mRNA表达在肝脏组织中表达水平最高,对于表达量较低的其他组织,荧光定量PCR与半定量PCR检测结果存在有一定差异。结论 两种方法均可用于检测猕猴体内肝脏组织、上皮组织、睾丸组织、心肌组织,肾脏组织中黄嘌呤氧化脱氢酶(XDH/XO)的mRNA的相对表达量,荧光实时定量PCR灵敏度较高于半定量PCR法。     

荧光定量PCR与半定量PCR检测猕猴不同器官组织中黄嘌呤脱氢酶/氧化酶基因的mRNA表达差异的比对

目的 分析荧光定量PCR 与半定量PCR 检测猕猴体内肝脏组织、上皮组织、睾丸组织、心肌组织,肾脏组织中黄嘌呤氧化脱氢酶（XDH/XO）的mRNA的相对表达量的差异,其结果具有一定的参考价值。方法 提取健康猕猴新鲜肝脏组织、上皮组织、睾丸组织、心肌组织,肾脏组织中总RNA,使用相同的引物序列及内参基因,分别用荧光定量PCR 与半定量PCR 进行相对定量检测,结果做比对分析。结果 两种检测方法的特异性没有差异,荧光定量PCR较半定量PCR灵敏性高,均显示猕猴不同组织XDH/XO的mRNA表达在肝脏组织中表达水平最高,对于表达量较低的其他组织,荧光定量PCR 与半定量PCR检测结果有一定差异。结论: 荧光实时定量PCR优于半定量PCR 法。     

VEGF-C及其受体基因在宫颈鳞癌中的表达

目的检测血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF-C）及其受体（VEGFR-3））在正常宫颈、宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）及宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达,探讨其与宫颈癌临床分期,肿瘤大小及浸润转移的关系。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测10例正常宫颈组织、10例CIN及24例宫颈鳞癌组织中的VEGF-C mRNA及VEGFR-3 mRNA的表达水平。根据Livak（2-△△Ct）法进行相对定量表达分析,以正常宫颈组织为对照,计算宫颈癌组织中VEGF-C和VEGFR-3表达水平。结果 VEGF-C及VEGFR-3在正常宫颈组织、CIN及宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达依次增高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。VEGF-C mRNA及VEGFR-3 mRNA在宫颈癌组织中均呈高表达,与宫颈癌患者临床分期、肿瘤直径大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移有关（P〈0.05）,而与肿瘤的分化程度无关（P〉0.05）。VEGF-C mRNA及VEGFR-3 mRNA的表达呈正相关（r=0.679,P〈0.01）。结论 VEGF-C及VEGFR-3在宫颈鳞癌中高表达,两者的高表达与宫颈癌的发生发展及侵袭转移有关。     

荧光实时定量PCR对肺癌相关基因检测及其临床意义

目的采用荧光实时定量PCR对肺癌相关基因检测并建立辅助诊断指数。方法采用荧光实时定量PCR对肺癌患者手术标本LUNX、CK19、CEA、MUC1及Survivin等肺癌相关基因mRNA进行检测,运用2-△△CT算法计算相对表达量,并以此建立辅助诊断指数。结果 LUNX、CK19、CEA、MUC1及Survivin在正常肺组织、手术切缘、癌旁与肿瘤组织间的表达比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且呈现递增趋势;设定辅助诊断指数大于或等于3.5为肺癌时,其敏感度95%,特异度为92%,阳性结果预示值(PPV)为95.33%,阴性结果预示值(NPV)为98.00%。结论利用荧光实时定量PCR对肺癌相关基因进行检测并建立辅助诊断指数,能有助提高肺癌诊断的敏感度与特异度。     

SYBR荧光实时定量PCR检测NSCLC中ERCC1基因表达

目的:建立检测核苷酸切除修复基因ERCC1mRNA的SYBR Green I实时定量PCR的方法,了解肺癌组织及其癌缘肺组织中ERCC1的表达水平,研究肺癌组织中ERCC1的表达水平与各种临床病理特征之间的关系.方法:应用SYBR荧光实时定量PCR(Real-time PCR)技术检测30例肺癌组织和离肿瘤边缘5cm处正常癌旁组织中的ERCC1mRNA表达水平,同时分析ERCC1表达水平在不同肺癌临床分期和病理类型各组间的关系.结果:肺癌中ERCC1mRNA的表达(5.16±2.51)低于正常癌旁组织(11.17±4.79)(P<0.05).但在不同肺癌临床分期、组织类型各组之间差异均无统计学意义.结论:所建立的SYBR Green I实时定量PCR方法可以成功地检测ERCC1基因的表达量.     

PHLPP1在结直肠癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨PHLPP1在结直肠癌中的表达规律及临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学实验检测10例结直肠癌组织石蜡标本中PHLPP1蛋白水平的表达情况;同时运用western blot 实验和实时荧光定量PCR实验检测10对新鲜结直肠癌组织及配对的癌旁组织中PHLPP1蛋白和mRNA的表达情况;另外运用实时荧光定量PCR实验检测52例新鲜结直肠癌组织中PHLPP1 mRNA的表达水平,并分析PHLPP1的表达水平与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果 western blot实验、免疫组织化学实验及实时荧光定量PCR实验的结果显示PHLPP1在结直肠癌组织中的表达水平均明显低于配对的癌旁组织,并且PHLPP1在结直肠癌组织中mRNA的表达水平与结直肠癌的分化程度、Ducks分期、淋巴结转移和远处转移相关等临床病理参数之间呈负相关（ P＜0.05）。结论结直肠癌组织中PHLPP1的表达水平显著下调,并且其表达水平与分化程度、Dukes分期、淋巴结转移和远处转移等临床病理参数之间呈负相关, PHLPP1在结直肠癌的发生、发展和转移的过程中可能发挥类似抑癌基因的作用。     

CK19在口腔鳞状细胞癌转移淋巴结中的表达研究

目的：检测口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者淋巴结标本中细胞角蛋白19（CK19）的表达情况,寻找发现OSCC淋巴结转移及微转移的有效分子生物学手段。方法应用荧光定量RT- PCR检测8例OSCC患者的119枚淋巴结标本中CK19 mRNA表达水平,并与HE染色及免疫组化进行比较。结果 HE染色及免疫组化同时检测到CK19阳性淋巴结24枚,荧光定量RT- PCR检测到CK19阳性者48枚,HE染色及免疫组化结果CK19阴性而定量RT- PCR阳性的微转移淋巴结主要分布于颈Ⅱ区。淋巴结总体微转移率为20.17%。荧光定量 RT- PCR检测的CK19阳性淋巴结与 HE染色及免疫组化比较有统计学差异（χ2=22.04,P＜0.01）。结论对于OSCC淋巴结转移与微转移的检测,荧光定量RT- PCR对CK19 mRNA的检测较HE染色和免疫组化敏感,分子病理检测方法的应用可以有助于肿瘤的分期判断、预后评估及治疗方案的抉择。     

荧光实时定量PCR检测老年人外周血淋巴细胞β1和β2肾上腺素能受体基因mRNA表达

目的建立荧光实时定量PCR法检测老年人外周血淋巴细胞β1和β2肾上腺素能受体（AR）基因mRNA表达。方法随机选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级老年患者30例,分离外周静脉血淋巴细胞,采用荧光实时定量PCR法检测β1和β2-AR基因mRNA表达,并与半定量PCR检测结果进行比较。结果30例患者外周血淋巴细胞荧光实时定量PCR均检出β1和β2-ARmRNA表达,不同性别组同-基因表达量无显著差异（P〉0.05）;荧光实时定量PCR检测β2-AR mRNA表达量显著高于β1—AR mRNA（P〈0．001）,而半定量PCR随着循环次数增加,β1和β2-ARmRNA表达差异减小。结论所建立的荧光实时定量PCR成功检测老年人外周血淋巴细胞β1和β2-AR基因mRNA表达,有较高的灵敏性及特异性;半定量PCR扩增平台期影响试验结果判断。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…