人胎十二指肠神经肽分布和发育的研究

目的研究人胎十二指肠壁P物质(SP)和降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)-IR肽能神经的分布和发育规律.方法①苏木精-伊红染色;②免疫组织化学ABC法.结果第14周开始,胎儿十二指肠壁黏膜下层、肌层间结缔组织中偶见SP能、CGRP能神经纤维及神经元免疫反应产物,反应渐强,神经元从浅棕色到深棕色,神经纤维呈串珠状或点线状.从SP、CGRP免疫组织化学相邻切片上看,两者部分存在共存现象.结论人胎十二指肠壁存在SP-IR、CGRP-IR能神经,黏膜下和肌间神经丛存在SP-IR、CGRP-IR肽能神经元和神经纤维,它们在发生、分布上有差异.     

外周躯体组织中三种肽能神经的分布

本文以1例人的截肢和37例 Wistar 大鼠的材料,用免疫组织化学方法观察了外周躯体组织中 SP、VIP、NPY 肽能神经的分布.见3种肽能神经及其终末分支,穿行于外周躯体组织的深浅层各种组织之间.它们一般为细的无髓纤维,呈串珠状,围绕血管分布.SP 和 VIP 肽能神经在皮肤、皮下血管、汗腺和毛囊中广泛分布,而在躯体肌肉中比较稀疏.NPY 免疫反应神经在深筋膜及骨骼中的血管上很多,但在皮下组织中较少.     

SP免疫阳性神经纤维在人胃癌组织中分布的实验研究(四)

目的研究人胃癌组织内SP阳性神经纤维的分布.方法人的胃癌组织固定后切片,进行抗SP硫酸镍胺加强ABC组化染色,光镜下观察胃癌组织内SP免疫组化阳性神经纤维的分布.结果在所有胃癌组织标本内均发现有较多的SP免疫反应阳性神经纤维,神经纤维的由周边组织向癌巢内方向延伸,并不断分支较多细小神经纤维穿行于癌细胞间.在癌巢内神经分布紊乱.无明显的层次,明显不同于正常的胃壁组织神经生长规则分布于黏膜下和平滑肌层的结构特点.结论胃癌组织内有神经纤维的存在,SP阳性纤维分布于胃癌细胞间,提示这些神经纤维的存在可能对胃癌细胞的某些生物学特性起调控作用.     

Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies of distribution of acetylcholinesterase-positive fibers and peptidergic terminals in the nasal mucosa of rats

OBJECTIVE: To further investigate the mechanism of nasal secretion closely related to the innervation patterns in nasal mucosa with emphasis on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-positive fibers and peptidergic terminals in nasal mucosa as well as trigeminal ganglion (TG) cells. METHODS: Histochemical demonstration of AChE-positive fibers, immunohistochemical study of the distribution patterns of multiple peptidergic terminals, double labelling of AChE and substance P (SP) and somatostatin (SOM) mRNA in situ hybridization were carried out in nasal mucosa and trigeminal ganglion (TG) in rats. RESULTS: AChE-positive terminals were mainly distributed in the mid to posterior one third of septal nasal mucosa, with greater staining density on the walls of small vessels and glands. There were fewer such terminals in turbinate mucosa. Tachykinins-ergic terminals, including substance P (SP)-, neurokinin A (NKA)-, neurokinin B (NKB)- and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-ergic terminals, had an extensive localizations in nasal mucosa, involving the following areas: between epithelial cells, submucosa, the walls of small vessels, glands and venous sinusoids in both septal and turbinate nasal mucosa. Septal mucosa had the greater density. There were overlaps in the distribution of these peptidergic terminals. There were also vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-, neuropeptide Y (NPY)- and galanin (GAL)-ergic terminals in nasal mucosa. But no neurotensin (NT)- and somatostatin (SOM)-ergic terminals were found. In situ hybridization revealed SOMmRNA expression in TG cells. AChE and nine neuropeptides existed in the cytoplasms of TG cells. Besides, AChE and SP could exist simultaneously in cytoplasms of TG cells. CONCLUSIONS: AChE-positive (corresponding to parasympathetic nerves) and peptidergic terminals have different distribution patterns in the nasal mucosa of rats, although an overlap does exist, indicative of their different physiological effects on the regulation of nasal secretion and other functions; AChE and multiple neuropeptides in the cytoplasm of TG cells might play a role in modulating the nasal secretion in response to stimuli in the nasal mucosa.     

人胎小肠肥大细胞与肽能神经的分布和发育研究

目的研究人胎小肠壁P物质（SP）和降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）-免疫反应性（IR）肽能神经的分布和发育规律,探讨小肠壁内肥大细胞（MC）与SP、CGRP-IR肽能神经的关系。方法取人胎小肠分别进行甲苯胺蓝（TB）和免疫组织化学染色。结果第14周开始,胎儿小肠壁黏膜下层、肌层间结缔组织中偶见SP能、CGRP能神经纤维及神经元,免疫反应渐强,神经元从浅棕色到深棕色,神经纤维呈串珠状或点线状;从小肠壁TB特殊染色MC和SP、CGRP免疫组织化学相邻切片上看,部分MC内存在SP、CGRP免疫反应阳性物质。结论人胎小肠壁黏膜下和肌间神经丛存在SP-IR、CGRP—IR肽能神经元和神经纤维;某些MC共存有SP—IR、CGRP-IR肽能活性物质。     

大鼠基底前脑中神经降压肽样和甘丙肽样神经元的老年变化

作者用免疫组化法及显微分光光度计研究了年轻(4—5月)及老年(2—24月)大鼠基底前脑中神经降压肽样(NT-L)和甘丙肽样(GAL-L)胞体及纤维终末的老年变化,NT-L胞体主要位于基底前脑的外侧隔核(LS),斜角带核(DBN)及腹侧苍白球(VP)中,NT-L纤维终末主要位于LS及VP中,GAL-L胞体主要位于内侧隔核(MS)及DBN中,LS和VP中仅有少量纤维终末。老年大鼠LS,DBN及VP中NT-L胞体的数量以及MS,DBM中GAL-L胞体的数量均比年轻大鼠明显减少,光吸收率明显下降,我们的结果表明大鼠基底前脑中的NT-L及GAL-L神经元有明显的老年变化,此种变化的意义有待进一步研究。     

Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies on intraepithelial nerve fibers in the ejaculatory duct of the monkey (Macaca fuscatus)

With special attention to intraepithelial nerve supply, the distribution of peripheral nerve fibers in the ejaculatory duct of the monkey (Macaca fuscatus) was examined by histochemical and immunohistochemical methods and conventional transmission electron microscopic (TEM) method. The conventional TEM study has suggested that there are two types of intraepithelial nerve fibers, i.e. cholinergic and peptidergic. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-positive nerve fibers which were seen by means of light microscopy (LM) as surrounding the epithelium were revealed to be present intraepithelially by means of TEM examination. Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactive nerve fibers were richly distributed in the ejaculatory duct with a dense plexus spreading just beneath the epithelium. The immunoreactive nerves appeared, in part, to enter the epithelium. Substance P (SP)- and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactive nerve fibers were found to be present to a moderate extent in the ejaculatory duct; some of them entered the interior of the epithelium to extend their nerve terminals to its free surface. Neural elements clearly immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) could not be found in the ejaculatory duct, except for the surroundings of the blood vessels. Possible functional roles of these intraepithelial nerves were discussed on the basis of their distribution pattern.     

Distribution of peptidergic neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the rat

Distribution of peptidergic neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN)of the rat was investigated by means of immunohistochemical technique,and thearea,perimeter,maximum diameter,minimum diameter and grey scale of peptidergicneuronal cell bodies were measured with an image analyser.All of these peptidergicneurons,oxytocin(OXY)-,vasopressin(VP)-,substance P(SP)-,corticotropin releasingfactor(CRF)-,thyrotropin releasing hormone(TRH)-,neurotensin(NT)-,cholecystokinin(CCK)-,somatostatin(SOM)-,galanin(GAL)-,leucine-enkephalin(L-ENK)-,vasoactive intestine polypeptide(VIP)-,and ACTH-like neurons,were ob-served in the PVN.The data of image analysis showed that the area of peptidergicneuronal cell bodies in the magnocellular subnucleus part of the PVN was similar,but wasdifferent in the parvocellular subnucleus part of the PVN.     

大鼠下丘脑室旁核的肽能神经元分布

用免疫组化研究了大鼠下丘脑室旁核(PVN)中催产素(OXY),加压素(VP)、P物质(SP)、促肾上腺皮质释放激素(CRF)、促甲状腺释放激素(TRH)、神经降压肽(NT)、胆囊收缩素(CCK)、生长抑素(SOM)、甘丙肽(GAL)、亮氨酸—脑啡肽(L—ENK),血管活性肠肽(VIP)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)样等12种肽能神经元胞体的分布,并用图象分析仪对肽能神经元胞体面积,周长、最大径、最小径、灰度进行测量分析。结果显示PVN中存在上述12种肽能神经元胞体,其中SP、TRH、SOM、L—ENK样胞体主要分布在小细胞亚核。GAL、OXY、VP及ACTH样胞体主要分布在大细胞亚核,其余两者分布部位相似。图象分析表明大细胞亚核中各种肽能神经元胞体的大小基本相似,但GAL和VP样胞体的形状和灰度与其他肽能神经元胞体不同。小细胞亚核中各种肽能神经元胞体的大小不同,其中以NT样胞体最大,胞体的形状和灰度亦各不相同。