川崎病患儿血清中多种病毒抗体IgM的检测

目的 :了解川崎病与病毒感染的关系。方法 :采用ELISA法检测川崎病患儿急性期血清多种病毒抗体IgM。结果 :96例川崎病患儿血清抗CVB病毒抗体阳性率为 4 2 86 % ,关联强度OR =6 .75 ,95 %可信区间 (CI)为 3.14～ 14 5 2 ,明显高于抗其他病毒IgM抗体阳性率 ;川崎病患儿抗CVBIgM抗体阳性率也明显高于同期住院的非感染组抗CVBIgM抗体阳性率 10 % (X2=7.0 6 ,P <0 0 0 0 1)。结论 :川崎病与CVB病毒感染有明显的关联性     

上海近郊加里福尼亚脑炎感染研究的初步报道

加里福尼亚脑炎是由蚊子传播,虫媒病毒感染引起的。1982年7月我组派人在加拿大虫媒病毒研究参考中心学习期间,曾用甲组、乙组和布尼安组虫媒病毒中某些毒株对上海近郊126份健康居民(指在采血时无任何病状)的血清进行血凝抑制(HI)抗体测定。在126份血清中,14份血清有乙组虫媒病毒的HI抗体(11％)。5份血清有雪鞋兔病毒(Snowshoe Hare Virus,SSH)的HI抗体(4％)。对此5份血清进一步用中和试验鉴定,证实有3份血清对加里福尼亚脑炎病毒血清群中SSH病毒的中和抗体     

云南省马关县蚊虫调查及与乙型脑炎病毒的关系

1990年 8月在马关县捕获成蚊 4属 16种 2 0 95只 ,其中库蚊 8种 ,按蚊 6种 ,伊蚊 1种 ,阿蚊 1种。三带喙库蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊、中华按蚊和骚扰阿蚊为优势蚊种。该县人群血清中乙型脑炎病毒抗体阳性率 12 .0 7%(7/5 8)。三带喙库蚊和伪杂鳞库蚊可能是当地乙型脑炎病毒的传播媒介。     

孕产妇4种病原体感染血清学筛查的临床意义

目的　探讨正常孕产妇弓形虫 (Toxoplasma)、风疹病毒 (Rubellavirus ,RV )巨细胞病毒 (Cytomegalovirus ,CMV)及单纯疱疹病毒 (herpessimplexvirus ,HSV )感染情况及其血清学筛查的临床意义。 方法　采用酶联免疫吸附 (ELISA)法检测 80 0份孕产妇血清 4种病原体IgG抗体和IgM抗体。 结果　血清弓形虫IgG/IgM抗体阳性率分别为 1.98%、0 .13 %;风疹病毒IgG/IgM抗体阳性率分别为 82 .75 %、0 .3 7%;巨细胞病毒IgG/IgM抗体阳性率为 70 .5 %、0 .75 %;单纯疱疹病毒IgG/IgM抗体阳性率分别为 0 .4%、0。 结论　对孕产妇进行 4种病原体感染血清学筛查 ,了解孕产妇对这 4种病原体的免疫状态 ,在优生优育方面有着重要的临床意义。尤其妊娠前确定风疹的免疫状态对孕妇风疹筛查意义重大。     

病毒性脑膜炎、脑炎脑脊液胆碱酯酶活性与血清病毒抗体的关系

目的　探讨病毒性脑膜炎、脑炎患儿脑脊液胆碱酯酶 (CHE)的活性和血清抗体的关系 ,为临床提供诊疗依据。方法　采用终点法及速率法进行生化分析 ,ELISA法进行血清抗体检测。结果　小儿病毒性脑膜炎、脑炎的脑脊液中CHE的活性、蛋白与无机磷的含量有显著改变 (P <0 .0 5 )且CHE的活性与蛋白、无机磷的含量有相关性 ;患儿血清中I型副流感病毒(PIV)阳性率为 2 4 .5 % ,腺病毒 (ADV)为 18.0 % ,再次为柯萨奇病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、乙脑病毒、甲型流感病毒。结论　①小儿病毒性脑膜炎、脑炎的脑脊液中CHE的活性明显增高 ,提示小儿病毒性脑膜炎、脑炎将会影响胆碱能神经元的功能 ;②血清抗体不同 ,脑脊液CHE的活性升高不同。在所测的几种血清抗体中 ,柯萨奇病毒抗体阳性的患儿其CHE活性升高最多     

新平县蚊虫调查及乙型脑炎病毒带毒率和抗体调查分析

目的了解云南省新平县流行性乙型脑炎流行状况及其特征,为云南省乙脑的防治提供科学依据。方法在观察点采集蚊虫进行乙脑病毒分离和鉴定,对观察点正常人群采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测乙型脑炎Ig G抗体。结果共采集到蚊虫5属21种6 628只,其中三带喙库蚊属于当地优势蚊种,占蚊虫捕获总数的71.59%;共分离到2株乙脑病毒;正常人血清乙脑病毒抗体阳性率为74.67%,其中>16岁年龄组的阳性率最高,达到了95%,0~5岁年龄组与其他组人群乙脑病毒抗体水平差异有统计学意义。结论三带喙库蚊和中华按蚊均为携带和传播乙型脑炎病毒的媒介,当地健康人群中存在较高的乙型脑炎病毒隐性感染现象。     

森林脑炎疫苗接种血清抗体水平监测研究

目的 :探讨森林脑炎疫苗接种后血清抗体水平维持时间及免疫效果。方法 :随机抽取大兴安岭林区不同区域、不同年度、不同行业人群 5 0 4份血清 ,应用间接免疫荧光抗体 (IFAT)检测血清抗体滴度。结果 :4 99人份血清 ,抗体阳性 30 5人 ,阳性率 6 1 12 % ,且不同区域、不同年度、不同行业组之间的阳转率均有显著性差别 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :森林脑炎疫苗抗体产生慢 ,维持时间短 ,接种反应多 ,而且有效保护率仅达6 1 12 %。需进一步改进疫苗的生产工艺 ,提高疫苗抗体水平和免疫效果。     

病毒性肝炎与抗白蛋白抗体的相关性研究

目的 :研究病毒性肝炎与血清抗白蛋白抗体 (AAA)的相关性。方法 :采用对流免疫电泳法测定正常对照组 10 0例及肝炎组 187例的血清AAA ,并研究其结果与病毒性肝炎的关系。结果 :病毒性肝炎患者血清抗白蛋白抗体检测阳性率为 81.8% (15 3/ 187)。与正常对照组比较有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。且AAA阳性率与转氨酶 (AST、ALT)的升高程度呈相关倾向 (r=0 .784 3)。结论 :检测血清抗白蛋白抗体对肝炎的诊断和治疗具有重要的临床意义     

乙型肝炎病毒感染者HBV DNA与血清病毒标志物的关系

目的　探讨乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)感染者HBVDNA检出情况及其与血清病毒标志物的关系。方法　采用实时荧光定量PCR(FQ PCR)检测 2 0 0份HBV感染者血清中HBVDNA含量 ,同时用全自动免疫分析仪检测HBV 5项血清标志物。结果　 2 0 0份血清中 ,乙型肝炎病毒标志物不同组合组的HBVDNA阳性率有差异 ,HBsAg、HBeAg和 (或 )HBcAb阳性组阳性率约为 98.1% ,其中 96 %以上HBVDNA≥ 10 4copy/ml;HBsAg、HBcAb和 (或 )HBeAb阳性组HBVDNA阳性率约为 76 .5 % ,但其中 90 %以上HBVDNA≤ 10 4copy/ml;单纯HBV抗体阳性组HBVDNA阳性率约为13.0 % ,但均为HBVDNA≤ 10 3 copy/ml。三组间HBVDNA阳性率及分布均有明显差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。而且HBVDNA含量与疾病严重程度相关。结论　FQ PCR检测HBVDNA含量结合血清病毒标志物的检测结果对乙型肝炎的临床诊断与病情判断有重要意义     

云南省澜沧江下游地区人、鼠血清三种蚊媒病毒抗体调查

目的;对澜沧江下游地区的思茅,澜沧,景洪,勐腊,孟海5个县,市进行三种蚊媒病毒的抗体调查,了解当地蚊媒病毒的流行情况。方法：血凝抑制试验。结果：在人血清中,乙型脑炎的阳性率为46．94％,基孔肯雅的阳性率为2．63％,辛德毕斯的阳性率为1．93％;在鼠血清中,乙型脑炎的阳性率为16．15％,基孔肯雅的阳性率为0．73％,辛德毕斯的阳性率为0．73％。结论：证实澜沧江下游地区在人群和鼠间存在乙型脑炎,基孔肯雅和辛德毕斯病毒的感染。     

Arbovirus infections in humans in New South Wales. Seroepidemiology of the alphavirus group of togaviruses

A seroepidemiological study of the prevalence of antibodies to alphaviruses (Ross River [RRV], Sindbis [SIN] and Getah [GET] viruses) was carried out on 16 842 specimens of sera collected during 1981 and 1982 from individuals of all ages living in all health regions of New South Wales. Prevalence rates were found to be low in the major coastal cities of Sydney, Newcastle and Wollongong, and in the whole of the Tablelands. In coastal populations, the rates were highest in the far and mid North Coast zones (about 16%), and slightly lower in the south. The ratio of RRV:SIN antibodies was 62:1 in coastal populations. Antibody prevalence rates varied from 10%-20% in the Western Slopes, rising to 30%-40% in centres in the Western Plains; the RRV:SIN antibody ratio here was 11:1. The unexpectedly high infection rates, especially in the Western Plains, suggest that Ross River virus, in particular, may constitute a public health problem of hitherto unsuspected significance in New South Wales.     

云南白纹伊蚊经卵传递基孔肯雅病毒的研究

用基孔肯雅病毒经口感染雌性白纹伊蚊，对其子１代，分６５批（３３５８只）用组织培养和小白鼠方法分离基孔肯雅病毒，幼虫、雌性和雄性成虫的批阳性率依次为２７．５％（８／２９）、２５．００％（６／２４）和１６．１９％（２／１２）。同时从子２、３代幼虫和成虫中亦查出病毒。此结果表明该蚊具有将基孔肯雅病毒经卵传递给后代的能力，云南白纹伊蚊在基扎肯雅病毒保存和传播中起重要作用。     

云南省沧源县蚊虫及虫媒病毒调查

1985年7月—8月,在沧源县捕获成年雌性蚊虫6属23种2454只。霜背库蚊,三带喙库蚊,中华按蚊和迷走按蚊是农村畜圈的优势蚊种。白纹伊蚊、伪白纹伊蚊和圆斑伊蚊是野外竹林区的优势蚊种。从棕头库蚊中分离出1株乙型脑炎病毒,表明该蚊在乙型脑炎病毒保存和传播中起一定作用。当地人群血清中乙型脑炎、登革热和基孔肯雅抗体阳性率分别为57.89％(22/38)、9.5％(19/200)和17.35％(17/98)。此外,还从鼠血清中查出乙型脑炎、基孔肯雅、辛德毕斯、马雅罗和科萨努尔森林病病毒抗体,提示该县可能存在有多种蚊媒病毒病。     

Protection of SA14-14-2 live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine against the wild-type JE viruses

Objective To explore on the immunity of live attenuated Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine (SA14-14-2) to different wild JE virus (JEV) strains.Methods The neutralizing effect of the vaccine against different wild JE virus strains was detected by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and the immunogenicity was studied on mice by vaccination -challenge protection test. In the PRNT, pooled sere from vaccinated human were tested against 10 strains of JEV , one isolated in Taiwan and 9 from other Asian countries. In the vaccination challenge test, mice received one dose of the live vaccine subcutaneously and were challenged intraperitoneally 14 days later against 22 JEV virus strains, 11 were isolated in China and the other 11from Tailand, Vietnahailam, Indonesia, India, Philippines and Japan.Results The protection rates to all the 22 challenge virus were 90% -100% when 340 PFU/0. 1 ml vaccinate virus was administered. The neutralizing effect showed that all the JEV isolates many have neutralized by the sere.Conclusion SA14-14-2 live attenuated prepared with strain SA14-14-2 is broadly immunogenic and may have effective protection against in Asian JE affected countries.     

Arbovirus infections of humans in New South Wales. Seroepidemiology of the flavivirus group of togaviruses

A seroepidemiological study of 16 842 human sera, collected in 1981 and 1982 from all health regions of New South Wales, was carried out using the haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and eight Australasian flaviviruses: Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE); Kunjin (KUN); Alfuy (ALF); Stratford (STR); Kokobera (KOK); Edge Hill (EH); Sepik (SEP); and Saumarez Reef (SRE). A limited survey was also carried out with two recently discovered flaviviruses, Gadgets Gully and CSIRO 946. Antibody prevalence rates were low on the coast and tablelands (around 2%-8%), moderate on the western slopes (6%-11%) and high on the western plains (26%-42%). Some centres had higher prevalence rates, Bourke being the highest at 78%. The survey indicated that SEP and SRE viruses are unlikely to infect humans in New South Wales. Similarly, there was no evidence for Gadgets Gully and CSIRO 946 infection of humans. HI antibody prevalence rates were highest to STR, MVE, KUN and ALF in that order, these agents being closely related antigenetically. Reactions to KOK and EH occurred less frequently. Serological tests of greater specificity will be required to identify the flaviviruses that elicit these HI antibodies.     

河口口岸发热人群蚊媒病毒感染情况调查

目的掌握河口口岸地区发热人群蚊媒病毒感染情况。方法检测河口口岸地区发热人群血清乙脑病毒、登革病毒和基孔肯雅病毒IgM抗体。结果共检测河口口岸地区四个乡镇卫生院363份发热人群血清,74份阳性,总阳性率为20.39%(74/363),阳性率最高的是登革病毒,51份阳性,阳性率为14.05%,乙脑病毒和基孔肯雅病毒的IgM抗体阳性率分别是2.20%(8/363)和4.13%(15/363)。10岁以下人群总IgM抗体阳性率最高,为57.14%(4/7)。乙脑病毒和登革病毒均以儿童最高,中老年人群的感染情况也不容忽视。结论应加强河口口岸地区蚊媒监测,降低当地蚊媒病毒感染率。     

海南省一起流行性乙型脑炎暴发的调查分析

目的：为了寻找导致本次流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）暴发的因素，以防止类似暴发疫情提供科学依据。方法：按疫情暴发调查方法，对病例进行个案调查和疫区处理，并采用ELISA和间接免疫荧光血清学方法检测所采集的患，疫区生猪静脉血以及对患粪便标本进行肠道病毒分离。结果：本次暴发疫情呈高度散发，年龄集中在10岁以下儿童，共有19例病例，2例死亡，病死率为10．53％，临床以轻型与普通型为主，表现为发热，头痛，呕吐等主要症状，实验室检测9份病例血清标本，间接免疫荧光法乙脑IgG抗体均阴性，IgM8例阳性，其中有6例用ELISA法检测乙脑IgM抗体阳性，双阳性符合率达到75％，2例生猪血标本未检出乙脑抗体，粪便培养不出肠道病毒，结论：儿童乙脑疫苗基础免疫空白是导致本次乙脑疫情暴发的主要原因。     

旋毛虫成囊前期幼虫17 000抗原组分的免疫诊断价值

目的研究旋毛虫成囊前期幼虫抗原(PELA) 17 000组分的免疫诊断价值.方法应用聚丙烯凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和转印技术分离PELA 17 000蛋白组分,用ELISA检测实验感染旋毛虫的Wistar大鼠和旋毛虫病患者血清抗体,并以PELA和成囊期幼虫抗原(ELA)为对照.结果对于感染旋毛虫的大鼠,17 000组分和PELA的首次血清阳性反应出现在感染后第10 d,而ELA则在感染后第14 d,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);对48份旋毛虫病患者血清,17 000抗原的阳性率为95.8%, PELA和ELA的阳性率均为100%,3种抗原之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).17 000抗原与其他寄生虫病患者及健康人血清无反应,而PELA和ELA均与肺吸虫病、鞭虫病患者血清有反应,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论与PELA和ELA相比,PELA 17 000组分对旋毛虫病的早期诊断具有更大的价值.     

The Clinical Significance of Anti-LSP Antibodies in the Sera of Patients with Viral Hepatitis:An Evaluation with ELISA and SPA-RIA

Antibodies against LSP in the sera of 163 patients with various typesof viral hepatitis were determined with SPA-RIA.The sera of anothergroup of 118 patients(109 of them were from the first group)withviral hepatitis were studied with ELISA for the same antibodies,whichwere further divided into three categories,that is,IgG,IgM,and IgAclasses.The results of 109 patients examined with both of the two me-thods indicated that anti-LSP antibodies measured by SPA-RIA mightmainly represent anti-LSP IgG class.It was found that circulating anti-LSP antibodies could easily be detected in most patients with either acuteor chronic hepatitis.After analyzing the results,the authors suggest thatthe humoral immune response against LSP might not be the sole initiatingfactor in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis,they are more likely theresult of the antigen variation of the injured liver cells.