风心病二尖瓣狭窄合并肺动脉高压围术期血流动力学的变化

目的：观察风湿性心脏病（风心病）二尖瓣狭窄肺动脉高压围术期的转归规律。方法：风心病二尖瓣狭窄合并肺动脉高压患者３７例（男１１,女２６）,以平均肺动脉压５．２２ｋＰａ为界分肺动脉高压（ＰＨ）组和严重肺动脉高压（ＳＰＨ）组。应用Ｓｗａｎ Ｇａｎｚ导管和ＨＰ监护系统围术期血流动力学的变化。结果：ＰＨ组术后即刻及术后４８ｈ心排血指数（ＣＩ）有明显增加,平均肺动脉压（ＰＡＰｍ）、肺血管阻力指数（ＰＶＲＩ）、     

先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压患者血中一氧化氮、内皮素浓度变化及意义

目的：研究内皮素（ＥＴ）和一氧化氮（ＮＯ０在先天性以及病合并肺动脉高压中的病理生理作用。方法：分另用放射免疫分析法和镀铜匐还原法检测了２９例左向右分流先天性心脏病患者血中不同部位（右房ＲＡ、肺动脉主干ＰＡ和右上肺静脉ＰＶ）ＥＴ尝试和反映ＮＯ水平的ＮＯ２＾－／ＮＯ３＾－尝试。其中,合并轻度肺动脉脉高压１０例,中、重度肺动脉高压９例,无肺动脉高压１０例。结果：各部位（ＲＡ、ＰＡ、ＰＶ）ＥＴ浓度：在肺动     

一氧化氮对急、慢性缺氧大鼠血流动力学及缺氧性肺血管收缩反应的影响

观察了吸入０．００４％的一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对急、慢性缺氧大鼠血流动力学、缺氧性肺血管收缩反应（ＨＰＶ）、血气及高铁血红蛋白（ＭｅｔＨｂ）的影响。结果表明：（１）常氧吸入ＮＯ时能明显降低慢性缺氧大鼠肺动脉平均压（Ｐｐａ）和肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ），但对正常大鼠的Ｐｐａ和ＰＶＲ无明显影响；（２）慢性缺氧大鼠急性缺氧时ＨＰＶ较正常大鼠弱，吸入ＮＯ不但降低两者的急性缺氧肺动脉高压，且完全逆转两者的ＨＰＶ；（３）吸入ＮＯ对急、慢性缺氧大鼠体循环血流动力学、血气及ＭｅｔＨｂ含量无明显影响。提示吸入ＮＯ能选择性降低，急、慢性缺氧性肺动脉高血压，且逆转ＨＰＶ。     

蛇毒治疗不能解释肺动脉高压的研究

本通过对不能解释的肺动脉高压患，进行右心导管测定肺动脉平均压（ＰＡＭＰ）作为主要对照指标，观察蛇毒制品（精制溶栓酶）的急性药物试验和近期药物试验。发现该药物在近期有理想的降低ＰＡＭＰ作用，症状及胸片、超声心动图异常也明显取得改善，提示其可能为治疗该病的理想药物。     

多普勒超声心动图无创性估测肺动脉压

选择拟诊为肺动脉高压（ＰＡＨ）患者２５例。采用三尖瓣返流压差法和肺动脉血流频谱分析法定量估测肺动脉压。其中７例同时行右心导管检查。结果显示：①随着肺动脉压力的增高，肺动脉血流频谱有其特征性的变化；②根据三尖瓣返流压差估测的肺动脉收缩压（ＰＡＳＰ）与右心导管实测值相近，两值高度相关（ｒ＝０．８５，Ｐ＜０．０１）；③多普勒参数右室射血前期（ＲＶＰＥＰ）、加速时间（ＡｃＴ）、ＲＶＰＥＰ／ＡｃＴ与肺动脉压相关性较好（ｒ＝０．７７、－０．８３、０．７９）；④根据ＲＶＰＥＰ／ＡｃＴ估测的肺动脉平均压（ＰＡＭＰ）与右心导管实测值相关性较好（ｒ＝０．６８）。结果表明，多普勒超声心动图可用于肺动脉高压的定性和定量诊断     

补钙可减弱犬缺氧性肺血管收缩反应

研究补充钙对缺氧性肺血管收缩反应及脑血管舒张反应的影响。在全麻狗,静脉滴注ＣａＣｌ２生理盐水（１ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｍｉｎ－１）。用原子吸收光谱法测定血清钙,输钙前后分别测常氧与缺氧时血流动力学指标,并测右颈总动脉血流量反映相对脑血流量（ＣＢＦ）。以缺氧时肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ）和ＣＢＦ变化率（ｄＰＶＲ％,ｄＣＢＦ％）反映血管反应强度。结果：常氧下血清钙从１．６５～１．８５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ增加至３．１０～３．２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时可降低平均肺动脉压（ｍＰＡＰ）（Ｐ＜０．０１）,此时平均体动脉压、体血管阻力、心输出量（ＣＯ）和ＣＢＦ均无明显变化。补钙前吸１０％氧５ｍｉｎ时ｍＰＡＰ、ＰＶＲ、ＣＢＦ、ＣＯ都增加（均为Ｐ＜０．０１）。补钙后缺氧５ｍｉｎ,ｍＰＡＰ、ＰＶＲ增高程度和ｄＰＶＲ％均较未用钙时小（Ｐ分别为＜０．０５、＜０．０１、＜０．０１）,ＣＢＦ的变化无显著性意义。提示补一定浓度钙可减轻缺氧性肺动脉高压而无增强缺氧性脑血管舒张反应的副作用。     

一氧化氮对急,慢性缺氧大鼠血流动力学及缺氧性肺血管收缩…

观察了吸入０．００４％的一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对急，慢性缺氧大鼠血流动力学，缺氧性肺血管收缩反应（ＨＰＶ），血气及高缺铁红蛋白（ＭｅｔＨｂ）的影响，结果表明：（１）常氧吸入ＮＯ时能明显降低慢性缺氧在鼠肺动脉平均压（Ｐｐａ）和肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ），但对正常大鼠的Ｐｐａ和ＰＶＲ无明显影响；（２）慢性缺氧大鼠急性缺氧时ＨＰＶ较正常大鼠弱，吸入ＮＯ不但降低两者的急性缺氧肺动脉高压，且完全逆转两者的ＨＰＶ，（３）     

吸入一氧化氮对急性肺损伤实验犬肺循环的影响

明确吸入ＮＯ对肺循环及血气的影响，观察吸入ＮＯ对急性肺损伤实验犬肺循环的效应，以寻找选择性肺血管舒张剂。方法给１２只实验犬制备急性肺损伤（ＡＬＩ）模型。通过特制装置吸入４０ｐｐｍＮＯ与５０％Ｏ２的混合气体。分别于造模后、吸入ＮＯ前后及停吸ＮＯ后记录各种实验参数。结果造模后平均肺动脉压（ｍＰＡＰ）由２．０２±０．３０ｋＰａ升至３．７７±１．０５ｋＰａ，吸入ＮＯ使ｍＰＡＰ下降而平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）、中心静脉压（ＣＶＰ）、肺毛细血管楔嵌压（ＰＣＷＰ）、心脏指数（ＣＩ）、全身血管阻力（ＳＶＲ）改变不明显。血气有轻微好转（ＰａＯ２从５．７５±０．４１ｋＰａ升至５．９１±０．５６ｋＰａ），分流有所减轻。结论吸入ＮＯ可显著降低ｍＰＡＰ，但不能完全逆转ＡＬＩ模型所致的肺动脉高压。而ＭＡＰ、ＣＶＰ、ＰＣＷＰ、ＣＩ及ＳＶＲ无变化。吸入４０ｐｐｍ的ＮＯ，虽能使ＡＬＩ实验犬的动脉血氧增加，肺内分流轻度减少，但无统计学意义     

葡甲胺—cAMP（心先安）静脉注射对充血性心衰患者急性血液动力学效应

目的 观察葡甲胺－ｃＡＭＰ对慢性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者的急性血液动力学效应。方法 １０例中、重度ＣＨＦ患者,静脉注射葡甲胺－ｃＡＭＰ（６０ｍｇ３～５ｍｉｎ内缓慢注射）,观察用药前后血流动力学参数变化。结果 用药后１０ｍｉｎ,患者心率减慢,平均肺动脉压（ｍＰＡＰ）及肺嵌压（ＰＣ－ＷＰ）下降,肺循环阻力（ＰＶＲ）和体循环阻力（ＳＶＲ）降低,心脏指数升高,持续作用３０ｍｉｎ以上。结论 葡甲妥－ｃＡＭＰ对ＣＨＦ患者具有良好的急性血液动力学效应,可改善心脏作功能力。     

前列腺素E1对肺心病心功能的影响

对３０例肺心急性发作期患者，用多普勒超声观察ＰＧＥ１１００μｇ／ｄ对心功能的影响，结果发现ＰＧＥ１治疗右心室收缩时间间期指标ＲＰＥＰ，ＡＣＴ，ＲＰＥＰ／ＲＶＥＴ及ＭＰＡＰ均明显改善（Ｐ〈０．０１），明显优于对照组，左心功能ＨＲ，ＣＯ，ＣＩ，ＳＶ亦明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０５），提示ＰＧＥ１能改善肺心病患者的心功能，降低肺动脉压，有临床应用价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.