大豆异黄酮改善阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆能力的机制

目的探讨大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavones,SIF)改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimers disease,AD)大鼠学习记忆能力的机制。方法将70只大鼠随机分为正常对照组,假手术组,模型组,雌激素组和高、中、低剂量SIF治疗组,采用右侧杏仁核注射β-淀粉样肽(β-amyloid peptide,Aβ)25-35复制AD大鼠模型,给予不同剂量的SIF,通过检测逃避潜伏期、游泳时间百分比和2min内穿过平台次数评价大鼠学习记忆能力,观察并比较各组大鼠海马胆碱乙酰转移酶(choline acetyltransferase,ChAT)活性和半胱天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶3(cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease 3,caspase-3)的活性。结果与模型组比较,高、中、低剂量SIF组逃避潜伏期显著降低(P0.01),游泳时间百分比和穿过平台次数显著增加(P0.01),高、中剂量SIF组大鼠海马ChAT活性显著升高(P0.01),各剂量SIF组AD大鼠海马caspase-3活性显著降低(P0.01)。高、低剂量SIF组逃避潜伏期、2min内穿过平台次数、ChAT活性和caspase-3活性比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论大豆异黄酮通过调节AD大鼠海马ChAT和caspase-3活性,改善其学习记忆能力,并呈现一定的量效关系。     

Mechanism of Soybean Isoflavones Improving Learning and Memory Abilities of Rats with Alzheimer's Disease

目的 探讨大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavones,SIF)改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)大鼠学习记忆能力的机制.方法 将70只大鼠随机分为正常对照组,假手术组,模型组,雌激素组和高、中、低剂量SIF治疗组,采用右侧杏仁核注射β-淀粉样肽(β-amyloid peptide,Aβ)25-35复制AD大鼠模型,给予不同剂量的SIF,通过检测逃避潜伏期、游泳时间百分比和2 min内穿过平台次数评价大鼠学习记忆能力,观察并比较各组大鼠海马胆碱乙酰转移酶(choline acetyltransferase,ChAT)活性和半胱天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶3(cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease 3,caspase-3)的活性.结果 与模型组比较,高、中、低剂量SIF组逃避潜伏期显著降低(P<0.01),游泳时间百分比和穿过平台次数显著增加(P<0.01),高、中剂量SIF组大鼠海马ChAT活性显著升高(P<0.01),各剂量SIF组AD大鼠海马caspase-3活性显著降低(P<0.01).高、低剂量SIF组逃避潜伏期、2 min内穿过平台次数、ChAT活性和caspase-3活性比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 大豆异黄酮通过调节AD大鼠海马ChAT和caspase-3活性,改善其学习记忆能力,并呈现一定的量效关系.     

大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠空间记忆和海马单胺类递质影响简

目的：探讨大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠空间学．--／记忆和海马内单胺类递质及单胺氧化酶的影响。方法：青年雌性SD大鼠去除双侧卵巢造模。随机分为5组,对照组、模型组、苯甲酸雌二醇组、大豆异黄酮低、高剂量组。观察各组去卵巢大鼠Morris水迷宫学习能力以及海马内单胺类神经递质和海马单胺氧化酶的含量。结果：①对照组、苯甲酸雌二醇组、大豆异黄酮（Is）低剂量组3d定位航行学习能力明显高于模型组（P〈0．05）。对照组、苯甲酸雌二醇组、大豆异黄酮低剂量组空间探索能力明显高于模型组（P〈0．05）。②对照组和Is高剂量组海马NE含量明显高于模型组,有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;对照组、Is低剂量组和苯甲组海马DA和5-HT含量明显高于模型组,有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。③对照组、苯甲组、Is低剂量组海马MAO含量明显低于模型组,有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论：低剂量大豆异黄酮通过提高海马内NE、DA、5一HT含量,降低海马MAO含量,提高去卵巢大鼠空间学习记忆能力。     

淫羊藿素对淀粉样蛋白25-35片段所致大鼠胆碱能神经元损伤的保护作用

目的 探索淫羊藿素(ICT)对淀粉样蛋白25-35片段(Aβ25-35)所致胆碱能神经元损伤的保护作用.方法 40只18月龄SD大鼠随机均分为对照组、模型组、ICT低剂量组(20 mg/kg)、ICT中剂量组(40 mg/kg)、ICT高剂量组(80 mg/kg),模型及ICT治疗组应用ICT灌胃预处理3d后,在大鼠鼠脑海马内注入Aβ25-35造模,ICT继续灌胃2周后,水迷宫观察各组大鼠学习记忆能力,ELISA检测大鼠海马内乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)和胆碱乙酰化酶(ChAT)的含量.结果 模型组大鼠较对照组大鼠出现明显学习记忆功能减退,且海马组织中AchE和ChAT含量较对照组明显下降.然而,ICT各剂量治疗组较模型组大鼠学习记忆功能减退明显改善,且AchE和ChAT含量显著增加.结论 ICT可通过改善脑内胆碱能神经功能减轻Aβ25-35所致的大鼠学习记忆功能减退.     

大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠空间记忆和海马单胺类递质影响

目的:探讨大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠空间学习记忆和海马内单胺类递质及单胺氧化酶的影响。方法:青年雌性SD大鼠去除双侧卵巢造模。随机分为5组,对照组、模型组、苯甲酸雌二醇组、大豆异黄酮低、高剂量组。观察各组去卵巢大鼠Morris水迷宫学习能力以及海马内单胺类神经递质和海马单胺氧化酶的含量。结果:①对照组、苯甲酸雌二醇组、大豆异黄酮(IS)低剂量组3 d定位航行学习能力明显高于模型组(P0.05)。对照组、苯甲酸雌二醇组、大豆异黄酮低剂量组空间探索能力明显高于模型组(P0.05)。②对照组和IS高剂量组海马NE含量明显高于模型组,有统计学差异(P0.05);对照组、IS低剂量组和苯甲组海马DA和5-HT含量明显高于模型组,有统计学差异(P0.05)。③对照组、苯甲组、IS低剂量组海马MAO含量明显低于模型组,有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:低剂量大豆异黄酮通过提高海马内NE、DA、5-HT含量,降低海马MAO含量,提高去卵巢大鼠空间学习记忆能力。     

大豆异黄酮对阿尔茨海默病大鼠乙酰胆碱代谢的影响

目的观察大豆异黄酮(soybean isoflavone,SIF)对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimers disease,AD)模型大鼠海马乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine,ACh)代谢的影响,探讨SIF治疗AD的作用机制。方法将50只大鼠随机分为假手术组,模型组,戊酸雌二醇组和SIF高、低剂量组,采用双侧海马注射β-淀粉样蛋白(amyloidβ-pro-tein,Aβ)复制AD大鼠模型,分别给药21d后,采用Morris水迷宫实验观察大鼠学习记忆能力的变化,免疫组织化学法检测大鼠海马组织ACh、胆碱乙酰转移酶(choline acetyl transferase,ChAT)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholine esterase,AchE)的表达。结果 SIF可显著降低AD大鼠的逃避潜伏期(P0.01),显著增加AD大鼠的游泳时间百分比、穿过平台次数以及海马组织ACh、ChAT、AchE的表达(P0.05,或P0.01)。结论 SIF可能通过增强海马组织ACh的代谢起到提高学习记忆能力的作用。     

大豆异黄酮对AD大鼠海马Apo—E4的影响

目的：探讨大豆异黄酮（SIF）对AD大鼠海马Apo—E4的影响。方法：采用Aβ双侧海马注射建立阿尔茨海默病（AD）大鼠模型,分组后给予不同剂量大豆异黄酮,Morris水迷宫实验观察大鼠学习记忆能力的变化,HE染色观察大鼠海马组织形态结构变化,ELISA法测定海马组织Apo-E4含量。结果：大豆异黄酮可改善AD大鼠的学习记忆能力（P〈0．01）,减少海马神经元丢失,显著性降低Apo-E4含量（P〈0．01）。结论：大豆异黄酮可能通过降低AD大鼠海马Apo—E4的含量改善AD大鼠学习记忆能力。     

黄芩茎叶总黄酮对大鼠学习记忆的影响及抗氧化作用机制研究

目的：探讨黄芩茎叶总黄酮对模拟AD大鼠学习记忆的影响及抗氧化机制。方法：实验采用雄性Wistar大鼠,双侧海马注射Aβ25-35制备痴呆模型,水迷宫实验观察大鼠学习记忆能力,检测大鼠血清中SOD活性及MDA含量。结果：与模型组相比总黄酮组能明显缩短大鼠寻找平台潜伏期,SOD活性明显升高,氧化产物MDA含量明显降低。结论：黄芩茎叶总黄酮能明显减轻大鼠海马注射Aβ所致的学习记忆能力下降,其机制可能与其升高抗氧化酶活性有关。     

链脲佐菌素和β-淀粉样蛋白制备大鼠阿尔茨海默病模型的差异

目的:探讨链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)和β-淀粉样蛋白25-35片段(Aβ25-35)制备阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型大鼠的行为学和形态学差异。方法:Morris水迷宫筛选学习记忆正常大鼠;随机分成假手术组和手术组;手术组大鼠侧脑室分别注射5μl Aβ25-35(2mg/ml)、STZ(120mg/ml)制备AD模型,假手术组注射相同容积的生理盐水。Morris水迷宫观测大鼠学习记忆能力;光镜观察大鼠海马神经元损伤。结果:定位航行实验:与假手术组比较,第3d STZ组大鼠逃避潜伏期明显增加(P<0.05),第4d、第5d,STZ组和Aβ组逃避潜伏期均增加(P<0.05),Aβ组与STZ组比较,逃避潜伏期差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空间探索实验:与假手术组比较,120s内大鼠跨越虚拟平台次数、平台象限停留时间及有效区停留时间,Aβ组和STZ组均减少(P<0.05),Aβ组与STZ组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。光镜下,假手术组大鼠海马神经元排列整齐、胞核较大、细胞着浅蓝紫色;AD模型大鼠海马神经元排列紊乱、细胞红染、核固缩;STZ组大鼠海马神经元较Aβ组排列更为紊乱,细胞核固缩明显,细胞数量明显少于Aβ组。结论:侧脑室注射STZ和Aβ25-35均可成功制备AD模型,但STZ较Aβ所致大鼠学习记忆功能障碍,海马神经元损伤更为明显。     

丁苯酞对AD大鼠模型认知及海马Aβ、NR2b表达的影响

目的观察丁苯酞对AD大鼠模型的学习记忆能力及海马Aβ、NR2b表达的影响。方法采用大鼠海马立体定向注射凝聚态Aβ1-40诱导AD模型。采用Morris水迷宫评价大鼠学习记忆能力,采用免疫组织化学染色法测定海马区Aβ、NR2b蛋白的表达。结果丁苯酞低剂量组和高剂量组能明显减少海马Aβ的沉积,有效促进海马CA1区NR2b的表达（P〈0.01）;对AD大鼠模型的学习、空间记忆能力有明显的改善（P〈0.01）;而高剂量组和低剂量组对AD大鼠模型的改善作用没有明显差异。结论 AD大鼠模型学习记忆的改变与海马Aβ、NR2b变化相关,丁苯酞可能通过减少海马Aβ的沉积、促进CA1区NR2b的表达从而改善AD大鼠模型的学习和空间记忆能力。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…