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OBJECTIVE:Sub-optimal health status(SHS),in which a person’s mind and body exists in a low-quality state of being between disease and health,has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored in China.SHS measurement presents a challenge to the academic fields.We developed and evaluated a questionnaire from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) that embodies the features of TCM syndrome diagnosis for measuring SHS in China.METHODS:The construction of the theoretical framework of the questionnaire was based on a literature review,an expert questionnaire survey and group interviews.The subscales and questionnaire items were screened through a pilot study using statistical means and qualitative analysis.Reliability tests that were used included test-retest reliability,Cronbach’s α coefficient,split-half reliability;validity tests included content validity,criterion validity,discrimination validity and construct validity.RESULTS:The final questionnaire,the SHSQ-50,included 50 five-class quantifiable items that encompassed nine subscales:liver stagnation syndrome,liver-Qi deficiency syndrome,spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome,liver-fire syndrome,heart-fire syndrome,stomach-fire syndrome,heart-Qi deficiency syndrome,lung-Qi deficiency syndrome and dampness syndrome.Questionnaires were completed by 268 of the 288 SHS subjects(93.0%) and by 86 of the 94 healthy subjects(91.5%).The Cronbach α coefficients,split-half coefficients and stability coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.95,0.67 to 0.87 and 0.88 to 0.98,respectively,for the overall scores and subscales.The Wilcoxon rank test showed statistically significant differences in the subscales and overall scores between the SHS group and the healthy group(P<0.01).Twelve factors with an eigenvalue greater than one were extracted by factor analysis and merged into nine factors,for which the cumulative contribution rate was 63.63%.The nine factors were corresponded to the overall structure of the questionnaire.CONCLUSION:The SHSQ-50 is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring TCM syndrome diagnosis of SHS in China.  相似文献   

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Objective The college and university students' physical exercise behavior scale has been de-veloped. Methods Baaed on the theory of planning behavior,after investigation and analysis,a questionnaire was made to test 1180 students from some colleges and universities in Changjiang Delta area. Its reliability and validity was tested,and confirmatory factor analysis was carried out. Results The scale consists of 4 factors: behavioral intention,subjective criterion,cognitive behavior,and integrative attitude. Its retest reliability was 0.920, correla-tion coefficient of the factors between 0.732 and 0.854 ,and the total scale Cronbach α 0.931. The correlated co-efficients between subseales and total scales range 0.455~0.785 ;the IFI, CFI,and NFI fit indices of the four di-mensions were over 0.9 ;RMSEA 0.042. Conclusion The reliability and validity of the scale are suitable as an effective tool to test university students' sports exercise behavior.  相似文献   

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Objectives To assess the incidence of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)deficiency among patients with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) in southern Chinese and evaluate clinical outcome and gene mutations in tetrahydrobiopterin deficient patients.Methods Urinary neopterin (N) and biopterin (B) was analyzed in 87 patients with hyperphenylalaninemia by high-performance liquid chromatography. Further combined loading tests with phenylalanine(Phe) (100mg/kg) and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) (7.5mg/kg) were performed in suspected patients with abnormal urinary pterin profiles. Gene mutation analysis was performed for patients with BH4 deficiency and their parents. BH4 deficient patients were treated with BH4 and neurotransmitter precursors after diagnosis. Blood phenylalanine levels, clinical symptoms and mental development were followed up.Results Eleven patients were diagnosed as having BH4 deficiency caused by 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) deficiency. The incidence of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency among patients with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) in southern Chinese was 10%. Combined loading tests with phenylalanine and oral BH4 were done in 4 of 11 patients and their phenylalanine levels were decreased to normal 4-6h after BH4 administration. Four different mutations (P87S, N52S, D96N and G144R) in the PTPS gene were detected in 5 families. Five PTPS-deficient patients were treated with synthetic BH4, neurotransmitter precursors (L-dopa plus carbidopa, and 5-hydroxytryptophan). They had satisfactory physical and mental development after treatment. One patient with partial PTPS deficiency had normal growth and mental development without treatmentConclusions Our results emphasize that screening for BH4 deficiency should be carried out in all patients with hyperphenylalaninemia in order to minimize the misdiagnosis. Patients with BH4 deficiency should be treated early with BH4 and a combination of neurotransmitter precursors.  相似文献   

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Objective: To analyze changes in gene amplification in the mitochondrial genome and in the ID4 gene promoter methylation region in patients with chronic aplastic anemia(CAA) suffering from Kidney(Shen) yin deficiency or Kidney yang deficiency. Methods: Bone marrow and oral epithelium samples were collected from CAA patients with Kidney yin deficiency or Kidney yang deficiency(20 cases). Bone marrow samples were collected from 20 healthy volunteers. The mitochondrial genome was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and PCR products were used for sequencing and analysis. Results: Higher mutational rates were observed in the ND1–2, ND4–6, and CYTB genes in CAA patients suffering from Kidney yin deficiency. Moreover, the ID4 gene was unmethylated in bone marrow samples from healthy individuals, but was methylated in some CAA patients suffering from Kidney yin deficiency(positive rate, 60%) and Kidney yang deficiency(positive rate, 55%). Conclusions: These data supported that gene mutations can alter the expression of respiratory chain enzyme complexes in CAA patients, resulting in energy metabolism impairment and promoting the physiological and pathological processes of hematopoietic failure. Functional impairment of the mitochondrial respiration chain induced by gene mutation may be an important reason for hematopoietic failure in patients with CAA. This change is closely related to maternal inheritance and Kidney yin deficiency. Finally, these data supported the assertion that it is easy to treat disease in patients suffering from yang deficiency and difficult to treat disease in patients suffering from yin deficiency.  相似文献   

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Objective: To establish the diagnostic quantitative criteria for fire-heat syndrome(FHS) of Chinese medicine(CM) based on the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and principal component analysis(PCA). Methods: The symptoms and signs of FHS cases and healthy subjects from Guangzhou, Henan and Hunan of China were collected through questionnaire, and the diagnostic quantitative score tables were established for the three regions, respectively, with the method of maximum likelihood analysis. The homogeneity test was then performed on the diagnostic score tables for the three regions with ROC curve, and the diagnostic efficiency of diagnostic score tables for the three regions was compared with the prospective test and retrospective test. The method of PCA was adopted to obtain the analysis matrix for classifying the tapes of FHS. Results: Twenty-seven elements of FHS were confirmed through Chi-square test, and the diagnostic score tables for the three regions were established with the method of maximum likelihood analysis on the basis of the collected case data. According to the ROC curve test, the areas under ROC curve of Guangzhou diagnostic score table assessment with candidates in Guangzhou, Henan and Hunan were 0.998, 0.961 and 0.956, respectively. It showed that the diagnostic efficiency of Guangzhou diagnostic score tables was the highest one. With the prospective test, the area under ROC of Guangzhou diagnostic score table was 0.949, and more than any other diagnostic score table. By PCA, FHS was classified into excess fire and deficiency fire, and then classified into syndrome of flaring up of Heart(Xin) fire, syndrome of Lung(Fei)-Stomach(Wei) excess fire, syndrome of deficiency of Liver(Gan)-yin and Kidney(Shen)-yin, and syndrome of deficiency of Lung-yin from the view of viscera. In the retrospective test, the consistency with clinicians’ diagnosis was 69.4%, and in the prospective test, it was 70.1%. Conclusions: The Guangzhou diagnostic score table could be used as the recommended criteria for the diagnosis of FHS. The classification of FHS was basically in conformity with the clinical situation.  相似文献   

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Background Amblyopia is a common disease for children.The main treatment approach for amblyopia is to patch the normally sighted eye and force the use of the amblyopic eye.However,patching treatment in children may negatively impact psychological well-being of both the child and family.At present,no specific questionnaire is available to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of amblyopic treatment for children and their families in China.The purpose of our study was to develop a Chinese version of patching treatment questionnaire,and evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods The original patching treatment questionnaire of amblyopia treatment index (ATI) was translated into Chinese.Amblyopic patients aged 4-9 years receiving patching 4-8 hours per day or full-time were recruited.The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the patching treatment questionnaire were determined by internal consistency,test-retest reliability,item-scale correlations,and construct validity.The associated baseline factors and the questionnaire responses were assessed.Results One hundred and nine children with amblyopia treated with patching were enrolled.Distribution of response options for individual items and correlation with the respective subscale were calculated.Factor analysis revealed that 16 of the 21 items were loaded in the three subscales as follows:"adverse effects" of treatment,“difficulties with compliance" and "social stigma" of treatment.Intemal consistency values measured by Cronbach's a coefficient (0.768) and split-half coefficient (0.790) were satisfactory for the total scales.The intra-class correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.998.No significant difference was found between the overall questionnaire scores and children's age,sex,baseline visual acuity of amblyopic eyes,improvement of the amblyopic eye,or patching time.Conclusions We developed a Chinese version of the patching treatment questionnaire with satisfactory reliability and validity.Validation in a patch-treated pediatric amblyopic population indicated that the questionnaire may be useful for Chinese children.  相似文献   

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Objective To study the relationship of remote sensing normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) to Anopheles density and malaria incidence rate. Methods Data of monthly average climate, environment, Anopheles density and malaria incidence rate, and remote sensing NDVI were collected from 27 townships of 10 counties in southeastern Yunnan Province from 1984 to 1993. The relationship of remote sensing ecological proxy index, NDVI, to Anopheles density and malaria incidence rate was studied by principal component analysis, factor analysis and grey correlation analysis. Results The correlation matrix showed that NDVI highly correlated with Anopheles density in 4 townships of Mengla, Jinghong, and Yuanjiang counties, but in other 23 townships the relationship was not clear. Principal component and factor analyses showed that remote sensing NDVI was the representative index of the first principal component and the first common factor of Anopheles density evaluation. Grey correlation analysis showed that in rainy season NDVI had a high grey correlation with Anopheles density and malaria incidence rate. The grey correlation analysis showed that in rainy season the grey degree of NDVI correlated with Anopheles. Minimus density was 0.730, and 0.713 with Anopheles sinensis density, and 0.800 with malarial incidence rate. Conclusion Remote sensing NDVI can serve as a sensitive evaluation index of Anopheles density and malaria incidence rate.  相似文献   

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To study the self-consciousness of children with learning disabilities (LD) and to identify related factors. Methods Five hundred and sixty pupils graded from 1 to 6 in an elementary school were investigated. According to the pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disabilities (PRS), combined Raven‘s test (CRT) and achievement of main courses, 35 of 560 pupils were diagnosed as LD children. Thirty-five children were selected from the average children and 35 from advanced children in academic achievement equally matched in class, gender, and age with LD children as control groups. The three groups were tested by Piers-Harris children‘s self-concept scale. Basic information of each subject was collected by self-made questionnaire. Results Compared with the average and advanced children, LD children got significantly lower scores in self-concept scale. Based on logistic regression analysis, 3 factors were identified, including family income per month, single child and delivery model. Conclusion The results suggest that self-consciousness of children with LD is lower than that of normal children.  相似文献   

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Objective: To analyze the correlation of Chinese medicine syndrome evolvement and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: This prospective cohort study investigated and collected the clinical information of patients with stable CHD and observed the syndrome type at the baseline and 6-month at follow-up, as well as the cardiovascular events during the 6-month and 12-month follow-up. The patients were divided into the event group and the non-event group. The interaction and the impact of syndrome evolvement on cardiovascular events were examined through multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis and the results were verified by Chi-square test. Results: Totally 1,333 of 1,503 stable CHD patients enrolled met the inclusion criteria of MDR analysis. Among them, 959 (71.9%) cases were males and 374 (28.1%) cases were females. Thirty seven cases had cardiovascular events during 6 to 12 months after the study began. The results of the MDR analysis and verification using Chi-square test showed that the development of cardiovascular events was positively correlated with interaction between blood stasis and toxic syndrome at the baseline, blood stasis at the baseline and qi deficiency at the 6-month follow-up, toxic syndrome at the baseline and qi deficiency at the 6-month follow-up, toxic syndrome at the base line and blood stasis at the 6-month follow-up, qi deficiency and blood stasis at the 6-month follow-up (P〈0.05 for all). Conclusions: Blood stasis, toxic syndrome and qi deficiency are important factors of stable CHD. There are positive correlation between cardiovascular events and syndrome evolution from blood stasis to qi deficiency, from toxic syndrome to qi deficiency and from toxic syndrome to blood stasis, indicating the pathogenesis of toxin consuming qi, toxin leading to blood-stasis in stable CHD patients prone to recurrent cardiovascular events.  相似文献   

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目的了解留守中学生的行为发育状况,探讨影响行为发育的主要因素,为相关部门制定有效的预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用自编一般人口学问卷和青少年自评量表(YSR),运用分层整群抽样的方法 ,对济宁市11所中学的1599名学生进行了调查,其中留守中学生395名。结果留守男生各因子得分均高于普通学生,女生退缩(Z=2.26)、思维(Z=2.41)、注意(Z=3.76)、攻击(Z=2.25)、内向行为(Z=2.30)和总分(Z=2.85)高于普通中学生。经多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示儿童的学习成绩(OR=3.81)、母亲的文化程度(OR=0.40)、父母双方外出务工(OR=1.60)是影响留守中学生行为发育的主要因素。结论留守中学生的心理行为问题突出,相关部门应采取应对方式,积极开展心理疏导和健康教育工作。  相似文献   

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目的探讨父母养育方式对青少年行为发育的影响。方法采用随机化原则,选择济宁市296名11~17岁青少年,运用青少年自评量表(YSR)和父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)进行问卷调查。结果父母情感温暖理解养育方式与各行为症状间呈现负相关关系,而父母的严厉、惩罚、过分干涉、偏爱被试、拒绝、否认、过度保护则促使行为问题的增加。结论父母教养方式与青少年的行为发育有关,父母要重视改善教养方式以减少青少年的行为问题的发生。  相似文献   

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目的 探索新生代农民工外显性问题行为特征及相关因素,为相关舆论宣传、心理援助和干预提供决策依据.方法 对重庆市、广东省深圳市和浙江省杭州市等三个农民工集聚区抽取1 340名新生代农民工(男862人,女478人),采用青年自我陈述报告(YSR)、哈特自我认知量表(HSPP)、父母情感效用量表(LEAP)、父母情感效用量表(LEAP)、社会支持感知量表(PASSQ)、心理适应问卷(PAS)进行量表调查和评估.结果 被试的外显性问题略高于非临床被试的合理得分区间,在同辈支持上男女差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).个人能力与全面自我价值呈正相关(P<0.01),而二者与外显问题负相关,父母情感效用和情感支持与外显问题呈显著负相关,工作环境支持与外显问题呈显著负相关.个人效能对外显问题行为的预测显著(P<0.01),社会接受(P<0.01)和全面自我价值(P<0.01)是外显问题行为的预测因子,工作环境支持对外显问题行为有预测作用(P<0.05).结论 个人能力、母亲情感效用、父亲情感放用、父母情感支持和工作环境支持与社会接受,都和新生代农民工外显性行为问题有关.全面自我价值、社会接受、母亲情感效用、父母情感支持、有显著预测性,工作环境支持则对外显性行为问题有预测作用.  相似文献   

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目的了解济宁市初中学生行为发展现状,为促进初中生行为健康发展提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,利用青少年自评量表(YSR)对济宁市1868名初中生进行问卷调查。结果济宁市初中生行为问题总检出率13.84%,其中男生14.47%,女生12.78%,无性别差异(P〉0.05);行为问题检出率有随年龄增长而增加的趋势,且年龄之间存在差异(P〈0.01);城、乡学生行为问题检出率分别为15.6%、8.7%,农村学生高于城市(P〈0.05)。结论应在学生中建立行为检测系统,尤应加强高年龄组、农村中学生的心理行为疏导。  相似文献   

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目的探讨家庭功能对4~6岁幼儿行为问题的影响。方法采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(父母问卷)(child behavior checklist,CBCL)和家庭功能评定量表(family assessment device,FAD)对416名4~6岁幼儿父亲或母亲进行问卷调查,运用SPSS 20.0软件进行非参数检验、Spearman相关、二元Logistic回归分析。结果4~6岁幼儿家庭功能得分为[1.92(1.67,2.17)分]。Spearman相关分析结果显示,幼儿行为问题与家庭功能评定量表的沟通(r=0.102)、角色(r=0.215)、情感反应(r=0.158)、情感介入(r=0.177)和行为控制(r=0.140)维度呈正相关(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,情感介入可预测幼儿行为问题(B=1.024,OR=2.786,95%CI=1.354~5.733)。结论家庭功能中的情感介入功能是4~6岁幼儿的行为水平的影响因素。  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨高压氧综合治疗突发性耳聋的疗效。方法 将 183例突发性耳聋患者分为高压氧 (HBO)组113例 ,对照组 70例 ,比较两组的治疗效果。结果 HBO组在治愈率和总有效率方面明显优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 对突发性耳聋采用高压氧综合治疗是有效的方法之一。  相似文献   

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目的:探讨鼾症对儿童行为问题的影响,为有效开展心理健康教育、保障儿童身心健康提供科学依据。方法:选择以2010年2月-2011年2月我科收治的鼾症入院手术患儿6-12岁为调查对象(鼾症组),另选择28例正常儿童作为对照组。由两组儿童的父母填写Achenbach儿童行为量表。结果:鼾症组儿童的社会退缩、体诉、分裂样、攻击、多动的评分与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组儿童的活动能力、社交能力和学习能力的评分比较无明显差异性。结论:鼾症儿童较正常儿童存在一定的行为问题。对鼾症儿童进行心理、行为干预,可降低儿童焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高社会适应能力,促进生长发育,提高整体治疗效果,将对降低儿童行为问题发生和纠正儿童行为问题有着积极的意义。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨影响医学生自身消毒行为的相关因素。方法 根据合理行动理论自编调查表 ,对 2 37名即将毕业的医学生的自身消毒行为进行调查 ,采用相关和逐步回归分析影响医学生消毒行为的主要因素。结果 女生的消毒行为知识与态度优于男生 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,医学生自身消毒行为与主观规范、规范信念、遵从动机、行为态度、行为信念以及行为后果评价均有关联 ,但主要是规范与态度对医学生的自身消毒行为产生影响。结论 加强医学生自身消毒行为的规范以及相关知识的培训是提高医学生自身消毒行为的有效途径  相似文献   

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目的 分析广州市中学生目前健康行为状况及其影响因素,为制定学生健康教育政策和采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法按分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取4所中学初1到高2年级共4542名中学生进行体格检查和问卷调查,并通过家长问卷收集学生家庭背景资料,分析父母收入水平及是否吸烟与学生健康行为的关系。结果经X^2检验分析显示,广州市中学生目前健康行为与家庭经济状况及父母是否吸烟有关联。结论广州市中学生某些不良健康行为目前尚处于萌芽阶段,应引起有关部门的重视,及早对中学生人群采取有针对性的健康干预措施,以降低其成年后相关疾病发生的危险性。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨消化内科护理带教教师软技能及其对带教行为的影响。方法 整群抽样选取我省12所三甲医院消化内科的438名护理带教教师为调查对象。运用一般资料调查表、护理软技能测评量表、临床护理导师行为量表进行问卷调查。评估护理带教老师软技能、带教行为的得分水平。软技能与带教行为的相关性采用Pearson相关性分析。带教行为的单因素分析采用独立样本t检验、方差分析。带教行为的多因素分析采用多重线性回归分析。结果 护理软技能测评量表总分为(164.75±18.49),条目均分为(3.43±0.49)。临床护理导师行为量表总分为(94.26±8.48),条目均分为(4.10±0.46)。护理软技能总分与带教行为总分呈正相关(r=0.31,P<0.05)。不同学历、职称、护龄、带教年限的护理带教教师的行为量表总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示:职称、带教年限、护理软技能是影响护理带教教师带教行为水平的重要因素,可以解释带教行为水平的39.50%。结论 消化内科护理带教教师软技能处于中等水平,职称、带教年限、护理软技能是影响带教行为的重要因素,提高带教教师软技能或许有助于改善带教行为。  相似文献   

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