危重病患者经皮气管切开术并发症回顾性分析

目的总结危重病患者经皮气管切开术并发症的发生率、可能原因及处理对策。方法对我院重症医学科20O6-03～2010-05所行的166例经皮气管切开术的手术并发症进行回顾性分析。结果 166例经皮气管切开术中共发生手术并发症7种（9例）。经正确处理后,均好转或痊愈,无患者死亡或严重功能障碍发生,并发症发生率为5.4%。结论随着手术方式的逐步改进和手术经验的积累,手术并发症的发生率逐渐降低。经皮气管切开术手术操作简单、创伤小、并发症少,值得在抢救危重病患者中推广运用。     

经皮扩张微创气管切开术50例临床应用

目的:探讨经皮扩张微创气管切开术在治疗急、危、重症患者中的应用效果。方法:对50例施行经皮扩张微创气管切开术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:50例患者经皮扩张微创气管切开均一次性完成;手术时间5～15 min;2例出现切口渗血,1例出现皮下气肿。结论:经皮扩张微创气管切开术成功率高,手术时间短,出血少,且对危重患者打击小,并发症少。     

经皮气管切开术在神经重症患者救治中的效果分析

目的探讨经皮气管切开术（Percuta—neousDilationalTracheostomy,PDT）与传统气管切开术在神经重症患者救治中的优劣。方法回顾2012年2月一2013年2月在我院住院的76例需行气管切开的急性神经重症患者,其中经传统手术气管切开19例,经皮气管切开57例,术前、术后采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHStrokeScale,NIHSs）和格拉斯哥昏迷评分法（GCS,GlasgowComaScale）二种神经评分系统进行神经功能评价,观察比较手术操作时间,出血量、气胸、皮下气肿、气管瘘、食管损伤以及肺部感染等并发症的发生率。结果经皮气管切开_术在手术时间上明显优于传统气管切开术,术中、术后并发症的发生率低于传统气管切开术。结论经皮气管切开术有效快速建立神经重症患者的气道,操作简便、安全,降低呼吸系统感染并发症的发生率。     

50例经皮旋转扩张气管切开术临床经验分析

目的:介绍经皮旋转扩张气管切开术的临床经验;评价该术在危重患者的应用价值.方法:对2006年1月～2008年9月于我院ICU用percutwist气切组套行经皮旋转扩张气管切开术的50例患者的手术时间、术中情况、操作难易程度以及术中、术后并发症等进行评估.结果:50例患者中仅3例在旋入扩张器时出现血氧饱和度一过性下降至88%,其余患者在操作过程中血氧浓度均在90%～100%.患者术中血压、心率均未出现大幅度变化.手术时间为5～11 min,平均6 min.除1例术后出血、1例伤口感染外,无其他术中及术后并发症.结论:经皮旋转扩张经皮气管切开术与传统气管切开术相比,具有操作简单、手术时间短、出血少、愈合后瘢痕小、外表美观等优点.可以在无气管镜辅助下进行.只要谨慎操作,可以避免严重并发症的发生.     

经皮气管切开术的临床应用

目的观察经皮气管切开术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析总结55例经皮气管切开术的手术时间、术中及术后并发症、预后情况。结果55例经皮气管切开术的平均手术时间11.15min,发生并发症4例(5种),及时处理后均好转(或治愈),未造成病人死亡或功能障碍,并发症发生率为7.27%。结论经皮气管切开术具有操作简便、省时、并发症发生率低、拔管后伤口愈合快、瘢痕小等优点,但不可完全替代传统开放性气管切开术。     

改良经皮旋转扩张气管切开术5例临床分析

目的介绍改良无纤维支气管镜引导经皮旋转扩张气管切开术的临床经验,评价该术在ICU危重症患者的应用价值。方法对2011-10～2012-05我院ICU采用经皮旋转扩张气管切开术的5例ICU危重症患者的手术时间、术中及术后出血量及并发症、手术易难程度、术后脱机时间等进行评估。结果 5例患者均获得成功,其中1例在气管切开后第3日放弃治疗,其余4例顺利撤机拔管;1例癫痫持续状态患者尝试行紧急非纤维支气管镜引导经皮旋转扩张气管切开术,出现SPO₂一过性降至78%,其余患者在操作过程中血氧浓度均在95%左右。患者术中血压、心率均未出现大幅度变化。1例由于气管痉挛致置入气管导管困难,手术时间约15 min,其余4例均在12 min之内。除1例术后第1日有敷料渗血,其余均无伤口感染及其他并发症。结论改良经皮旋转扩张经皮气管切开术具有创伤小、并发症少,操作相对简单、手术时间短等优点,完全可以由ICU医师在床旁开展,是值得在ICU推广的微创技术之一。     

微创经皮气管切开术在ICU中的临床应用

目的探讨微创经皮气管切开术在临床应用中的疗效和安全性。方法前瞻性地收集2010年3月～2012年9月在我院重症医学科经皮气管切开术患者的临床资料。结果 85例中成功84例,中转传统气管切开术1例,术后切口出血较多行外科手术止血1例;手术时间(8.00±5.2)min,术中出血量(5.00±3.2)mL。并发症5例,发生率5.88%,无窒息、皮下气肿、气胸、切口溢痰等并发症。结论经皮气管切开术具有简单快捷、并发症少、微创等优点,在ICU中有较高的应用价值,但不能完全替代传统气管切开术。     

纤维支气管镜辅助下经皮气管切开术7例报告

目的 探讨纤维支气管镜在经皮气管切开术中的应用.方法 在进行经皮气管切开术的同时应用纤维支气管镜实时监视气管内情况7例.结果 全部患者手术顺利,手术操作时间平均12分钟,术中出血平均约5 ml.其中1例患者术后渗血约20ml,局部伤口填塞止血纱布后血止.结论 纤维支气管镜应用于经皮气管切开手术证实穿刺针和导丝是否准确进入气管,可以提高手术的可靠性与安全性.     

经皮穿刺扩张气管切开术56例手术配合

目的:总结经皮穿刺扩张气管切开的手术配合及护理经验。方法:对56例经皮穿刺扩张气管切开术患者进行围手术期护理情况进行回顾性分析。结果:手术均在较短时间(5～20min)内顺利完成,出血5～15ml,平均10ml;未发生严重并发症,术后无严重感染。结论:充分的术前准备、熟练的术中配合、术后加强气道管理和切口部位护理对于缩短经皮穿刺扩张气管切开术的操作时间,减小创伤,减少并发症的发生有重要作用。     

经皮穿刺气管造口术临床应用研究

目的研究经皮穿刺气管造口术与传统气管切开术两种方法的不同特点。方法将42例气管切开患者,根据手术方式的不同分为A、B两组,A组（20例）行经皮穿刺气管造口术,B组（22例）行传统气管切开术,观察并比较两组患者手术时间、切口大小、术中出血量、术后并发症及切口愈合等情况。结果与传统气管切开术相比,经皮穿刺气管造口术操作时间短,切口小,术中出血少,术后并发症少,切口愈合快,感染率低。结论经皮穿刺气管造口术优于传统气管切开术。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.