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1.
目的 探讨影响2型糖尿病患者饮食与生活行为方式依从性的因素,为有效开展糖尿病教育提供依据.方法 对广州市五家医院就诊的349例2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,包括饮食与生活行为方式依从性、糖尿病知识、健康信念和患者自我效能等方面,采用线性逐步回归分析法筛选它们的影响因素.结果 饮食治疗依从性与措施应用技能(Beta=0.42,P<0.01)、持有糖尿病是可控制的和治疗是益处的信念(Beta=0.14,P<0.01)、年龄(:Beta=0.12,P<0.01)和自我效能(Beta=0.12,P<0.05)呈显著正关联;生活行为方式改变的依从性与措施应用技能(Beta=0.28,P<0.01)、认为治疗是必要的信念(Beta=0.22,P<0.001)、年龄(Beta=0.21,P<0.01)、持有糖尿病是可控制的和治疗是益处的信念(Beta=0.16,P<0.01)和性别(1=男,2=女)(Beta=0.14,P<0.01)呈显著正相关.结论 应加强对患者饮食和生活行为方式依从性的教育,重视对患者实际操作技能的训练,关注健康信念、自我效能对患者的影响.对非老年患者、男性患者健康生活行为方式的建立和长期依从应更为关注.  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨健康教育路径对社区2型糖尿病患者自我效能感和饮食治疗依从性的影响。方法:对100例社区2型糖尿病患者,在实施健康教育路径前后采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、自行设计的饮食治疗依从性调查表进行评定。结果:实施健康教育路径前后2次评定GSES差异有显著性(P〈0.01),饮食治疗依从性差异有显著性(P〈0.01)。GSES与饮食治疗依从性有显著的正相关(r=0.567,P〈0.01)。结论:健康教育路径可增强2型糖尿病患者的自我效能感,是提高饮食治疗依从性,控制血糖水平,延缓疾病发展的有效方法之一。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨健康教育路径对2型糖尿病患者自我效能感、饮食治疗依从性的影响。方法比较60例2型糖尿病患者实施健康教育路径前后自我效能感、饮食治疗依从性、服药依从性调查评分。结果60例患者健康教育前后自我效能感、饮食治疗依从性和服药治疗依从性评分均有提高,差异有显著意义(P〈0.01);2型糖尿病患者自我效能感与饮食治疗依从性和服药治疗依从性评分呈正相关(r=0.658、0.674,P〈0.01)。结论健康教育路径可增强2型糖尿病患者的自我效能感,是提高饮食治疗和服药依从性,控制血糖水平,延缓疾病发展的有效方法之一。  相似文献   

4.
目的 以健康信念模型(health belief model,HBM)为理论基础,探索影响冠心病患者遵医行为的影响因素。方法 采用横断面调查研究,对上海市静安区189例社区冠心病患者进行问卷调查。调查内容包括人口社会学特征、冠心病患病情况、健康信念模型维度(疾病易感性、疾病严重性、行为益处、行为障碍和自我效能);通过Morisky量表评价服药依从性和健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(health promoting lifestyle profile Ⅱ,HPLP-Ⅱ)评价健康生活方式的依从性。采用t检验和F检验分析人口学特征对健康促进生活方式和遵医服药行为的影响。采用Pearson相关分析和多元线性回归分析健康信念模型各维度与健康促进生活方式和遵医服药行为之间的关系。结果 189例患者中,男性占38.6%,女性占61.4%,137例大于60岁。健康信念模型各维度与健康促进生活方式各维度及遵医服药行为均成显著正相关,r值为0.173~0.734。多元线性回归分析结果显示:感知障碍(β=0.190,P=0.021)对健康责任的影响有统计学意义(R2=0.073,P=0.016),感知易感性(β=0.134,P=0.008)对身体活动的影响有统计学意义(R2=0.274,P<0.001),感知严重性(β=0.221,P=0.005)和感知益处(β=0.100,P=0.008)对精神成长的影响有统计学意义(R2=0.423,P<0.001),感知益处(β=0.181,P=0.026)对压力管理的影响有统计学意义(R2=0.302,P<0.001);感知易感性(β=0.689,P=0.027)、感知严重性(β=0.580,P=0.003)、感知障碍(β=0.689,P=0.002)和自我效能(β=0.417,P=0.023)对遵医服药行为的影响有统计学意义(R2=0.645,P<0.001)。结论 健康信念模型中各维度对冠心病患者的遵医服药行为和健康促进生活方式有影响,可以通过提升患者的健康信念,增强冠心病患者遵医服药行为和健康生活方式的依从性。  相似文献   

5.
目的探讨自我管理和行为干预对社区老年糖尿病患者生活质量的影响。方法将320例老年糖尿病患者随机分为观察组(n=160)与对照组(n=160),在药物治疗的基础上,对照组行常规健康教育,观察组实施个体化自我管理和行为干预,比较两组患者干预前后自我管理能力和生活质量的变化。结果干预后,观察组糖尿病知识知晓率、自我血糖监测、药物治疗、饮食治疗及运动治疗能力等自我管理能力均较干预前提高(P〈0.01),且较对照组提高更显著(P〈0.05)。观察组患者躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能及生活总分均较干预前提高(P〈0.05),较对照组提高更明显(P〈0.05);干预前后物质生活状态两组均无显著变化(P〉0.05)。结论对社区老年糖尿病患者实施自我管理和行为干预可提高其自我管理能力,改变不良生活方式,提高患者的生活质量。  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨冠心病患者自我效能、健康信念对其健康行为的影响.方法 选择冠心病患者和健康体检者各500例为调查对象,对所有纳入对象健康行为、健康信念和自我效能进行教育.结果 健康信念与健康责任和营养呈正相关(P<0.05).知觉到严重程度与运动和锻炼、自我实现呈负相关(P<0.05).知觉到益处与健康行为总分、营养、自我实现、压力应对呈正相关(P<0.05).结论 健康行为与冠心病的发生和复发密切相关,且冠心病患者的自我效能和健康信念对患者健康行为有影响.  相似文献   

7.
刘佳莉  岳荣 《当代医学》2010,16(14):122-123
目的探讨健康教育对糖尿病患者行为方式、用药依从性的影响。方法对58例糖尿病患者行为方式、用药依从性等进行一年的健康教育。结果 58例糖尿病患者一般知识掌握,合理饮食睡眠。抑郁症和并发症等均有显著统计学意义P〈0.01)。结论通过对糖尿病患者实施全面合理整体化健康教育,使患者建立了良好的行为方式,提高了药物治疗依从性,减少抑郁症、并发症,使血糖稳定,从而提高患者的生活质量。  相似文献   

8.
目的:探讨健康信念模式在糖尿病教育中对糖尿病患者自护行为的有效性。方法:对65例2型糖尿病患者实施以健康信念理论为基础的干预模式,并进行自身对照观察,测评干预前后患者的糖尿病知识、自我护理能力和血糖控制情况。结果:65例患者在干预后糖尿病知识、饮食控制能力、规律锻炼、遵嘱用药、足部护理、预防处理高低血糖能力和血糖水平均较干预前有明显改善(P〈0.01),自我监测能力无明显改善(P〉0.05)。结论:健康信念模式可提高教育的效率,对改善糖尿病患者的自护行为有促进作用。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨乌鲁木齐南山牧区哈萨克族高血压患者遵医行为与生存质量之间的关系。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,对乌鲁木齐南山甘沟乡900例确诊高血压病的哈萨克族高血压患者进行遵医行为、生存质量问卷调查。结果服药依从性佳者占4.1%,门诊随访率佳者占3.9%,生活方式依从性均好的病人仅占2.3%。哈萨克族高血压患者生存质量总得分为(413.98&#177;146.31)分。服药依从性与生存质量各个因子呈正相关(r=0.145~0.199,P〈0.01);门诊随访与生存质量各个因子呈负相关(r=-0.108~-0.129,P〈0.05);戒烟、戒酒、饮食、运动、控制体重等5项生活方式依从性与生存质量各个因子呈正相关(r=0.114~0.204,P〈0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐南山牧区哈萨克族高血压患者遵医行为与生存质量间存在密切相关关系。  相似文献   

10.
张文兵 《河北医学》2010,16(11):1292-1295
目的:探讨社区健康教育对糖尿病患者知识、态度、行为的影响,为制定有效的社区卫生服务站糖尿病健康教育方式提供依据。方法:对2008年5月至2010年5月在北新泾五村社区建档的140例糖尿病患者进行糖尿病相关知识和不良生活方式调查,并对其进行综合健康教育,对比健康教育前、后患者的糖尿病相关知识知晓率,观察其生活方式、饮食及行为、健康指标的改变情况。结果:健康教育后,糖尿病患者糖尿病相关知识知晓率显著高于教育前(P〈0.01);健康指标有所改善(P〈0.05);合理饮食、规律运动、控制体重、情绪稳定人数较教育前显著增加(P〈0.01)。结论:对糖尿病患者实施综合的健康教育可以提高患者糖尿病相关知识知晓率,改变不良生活方式、改善健康指标。  相似文献   

11.
Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

12.
Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P < 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (>0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P <0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P < 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.  相似文献   

13.
Objective: To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods: SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer's was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results: Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion: This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.  相似文献   

14.
Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.  相似文献   

15.
Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.  相似文献   

16.
A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care(~'4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.  相似文献   

17.
Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.  相似文献   

18.
Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition) JNMU, sponsored by Nanjing Medical University, was established in 1987. It is a bimonthly comprehensive English medical journal published locally and abroad.Since 2007, Journal of Nanjing Medical University (English Edition )was granted Elsevier the full publishing and distribution rights worldwide for the Electronic Edition, excluding the People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

19.
目的:评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PPCI)术后生活质量的影响.方法:将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组(术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次)和对照组(仅接受基础药物治疗).所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表(MIDAS)、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果:入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异(P>0.05);出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低(P<0.05);组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低(P<0.05).两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血(P>0.05).两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异(P>0.05).结论:PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.  相似文献   

20.
FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…  相似文献   

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