苦豆子总碱对大鼠血流动力学的影响

目的研究苦豆子总碱对大鼠血流动力学的影响。方法将24只SD大鼠随机分为三个剂量组(1、2和4mg/kg),静脉注射方式给药,用股动脉插管、右颈总动脉心室插管和连续记录肢体Ⅱ导联心电图的方法观察其心率(HR)、收缩压(SP)、舒张压(DP)、平均动脉血压(AP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张压(LVDP)、左心室平均压(LVAP)、左心室终末舒张压(LVEDP)、左心室内压最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax)、左心室开始收缩至dp/dtmax的间隔时间(t-dp/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax)和等容舒张时间室内压下降的时间常数(T)的变化。结果静脉注射苦豆子总碱1、2和4mg/kg后,均能使大鼠心率显著减慢(P<0.01),显著降低SP、DP、AP、LVSP和T值(P<0.01);对LVDP、LVEDP和t-dp/dtmax的影响无显著影响(P>0.05)。静脉注射苦豆子总碱2和4mg/kg能抑制左室内压最大变化速率(±dp/dtmax)和降低LVAP(P<0.05)。结论苦豆子总碱有减慢大鼠心率,降低动脉血压,抑制心肌收缩和舒张功能的作用。     

五味子对心肌力学和心率的影响

ｉｖ４０％五味子１ｍＬ／ｋｇ对家兔心肌力学有明显影响,使左心室内压峰值（ＬＶＳＰ）降低,左心室内压最大上升速率（ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ）减慢,左心室内压下降速率（ｄｐ／ｄｔｍｉｎ）减慢,左心室舒张末期压（ＬＶＥＤＰ）升高,压力－压力变化速率环ＩＰ（Ｐ－ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ）缩小,等容收缩期段向左下方移位,心率减慢,说明五味子提取液具有抑制心肌收缩性能,减慢心率的作用。     

银杏叶提取物对心脏血流动力学和冠脉流量的影响

[目的]研究银杏叶提取物（Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves,EGB）对家兔心脏血流动力学以及大鼠离体心脏冠脉流量的影响。[方法]采用心室内插管技术，观察静注EGB前后对家兔左心室收缩压（LVSP）、左心室终末舒张压（LVEDP）、心率（HR）、左室内压最大上升速率（dp/dtmax）、左室内压最大下降速率（-dp/dtmax）、左室开始收缩至dp/dtmax的间隔时间（t-dp/dtmax）等血流动力学指标的影响。以Langendorff法制备大鼠离体心脏，观察心肌收缩幅度并测定心脏冠脉流量。[结果]EGB能显增加冠脉流量（P＜0．05），明显降低LVSP和dp/dtmax，延长t-dp/dtmax，减慢HR及降低心肌的收缩振幅（P＜0．01或P＜0．05），对LVEDP和-dp/dtmax等舒张性指标无明显影响。[结论]EGB具有抑制心肌收缩力、减慢心率和增加冠脉流量作用。     

苓桂术甘汤对充血性心衰竭大鼠心脏指数与血流动力学的影响

目的：观察苓桂术甘汤对慢性心衰竭（chronic heart failure,CHF）大鼠心脏指数和血流动力学的影响。方法：采用冠状动脉结扎法复制CHF大鼠模型,于模型复制后第7周开始灌胃给药,连续给药4周后,测定大鼠血流动力学参数、心脏指数。结果：苓桂术甘汤小（4．29g／kg）、中（21．45g／kg）、大（42.90g／kg）剂量能明显提高CHF大鼠左心室收缩压（left ventricular systolic pressure,LVSP）,左心室内压最大上升速率（maximal rate of left ventricular pressure of development,＋dp／dtmax）和左心室内压最大下降速率（maximal rate of left ventricular pressure of dedine,-dp／dtmax）（P〈10．05,或P〈0．01）,降低左心室缩张末压（left ventricular end diastolic pressure,LVEDP）（P〈0．01）,并能明显降低CHF大鼠心脏质量指数（heart mass index,HMI）和左心室质量指数（left ventricular massindex,LVMI）（P〈0．05,或P〈0．01）,其中苓桂术甘汤中剂量组LVEDP和LVMI降低最为显著,优于卡托普利组（P〈0．05）。结论：苓桂术甘汤对CHF大鼠心脏舒缩性能具有显著的改善作用,其作用与其阻押大鼠心室重构密切相关。     

Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Mg~(2+)对麻醉大鼠心功能的影响

给麻醉大鼠静脉注射 ZnSO_4、CuSO_4及 MgSO_4,观察心率、收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、左室收缩压、左室压变化速率最大值、左室收缩成分缩短最大速度、等容舒张期心室内压下降时间常数 T 值等指标。结果表明,ZnSO_4具有抑制心肌舒缩功能、减慢心率和增加外周阻力的作用;大剂量 CuSO_4可抑制心功能,增加外周阻力;MgSO_4具有抑制心肌收缩功能、降低血压、减慢心率的作用。     

龙芽草乙醇提取物对兔血压和心率影响的实验研究

目的观察龙芽草对兔血压和心率的影响。方法用颈动脉插管法，连接MS2000多媒体生物信号记录系统，测定龙芽草乙醇提取物(相当于生药0．75、1.5、3.0g／kg，iv)给药前及药后0．5、1．5、3、5、10min时的收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和心率。结果三个剂量的乙醇提取物均见血压下降，且中、高剂量组可见心率减慢；药后0．5～1．5min作用达高峰，3～5min后血压和心率基本恢复正常；乙醇提取物对去甲肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素的作用无明显影响。但阿托品能减弱其降压作用。结论龙芽草乙醇提取物能减慢兔心率并降低兔血压。     

PBNA对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究

目的:研究拳参正丁醇提取物(PBNA)对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究.方法:采用大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型,测定大鼠心脏冠脉流量、心率、左心室收缩压、左心室舒张压.结果:PBNA能有效地增加大鼠心脏冠脉流量;同时可使心率减慢、左心室收缩压升高、左心室舒张压降低.结论:PBNA可通过扩张冠脉、减慢心率、增强心肌收缩力对心肌缺血再灌注损伤起保护作用.     

小檗碱对L-甲状腺素诱发大鼠心肌肥厚的保护作用

【目的】研究小檗碱对皮下注射L-甲状腺素所致心肌肥厚模型大鼠心血管功能的影响。【方法】SD大鼠皮下注射L-甲状腺素制备心肌肥厚模型，小檗碱分别按5、10、20mg／kg灌胃给药，连续2周。期间监测动物血压；给药6周后，经左心室插管测量心功能；取心肌组织和血清测定NO含量。【结果】小檗碱5、10、20mg／kg均可显著降低L-甲状腺素模型大鼠的血压；小檗碱10mg／kg可减慢心率（HR），降低左心室最大收缩压（LVSP），升高左心室舒张末期压力（LVEDP），降低最大收缩速率（＋dp／dtmax）；降低组织胶原含量（P〈0．05）；增加NO含量（P〈0．001）；抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活力（P〈0．01）。【结论】小檗碱对L-甲状腺素诱导的心肌肥厚模型大鼠的血压升高及心功能障碍有保护作用。     

苦参碱对家兔血流动力学的影响

目的研究苦参碱对麻醉家兔血流动力学的影响。方法将32只家兔随机分为4组:正常对照组,苦参碱(MT)3.5、7、14mg/kg剂量组,采用左心室插管及股动脉插管后静脉给药,记录注射后1、5、10、20min时家兔的心率(HR)、收缩压(SP)、舒张压(DP)、平均动脉压(AP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室终末舒张压(LVEDP)、左心室内压最大上升速率( dp/dtmax)、左心室开始收缩至dp/dtmax的间隔时间(t-dp/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax)和等容舒张期左心室内压力下降时间常数(T)等心功能指标。结果注射MT 3.57、1、4mg/kg 1min时,均能使麻醉家兔心率显著减慢(P<0.05或P<0.01);5min时AP上升最为明显(P<0.05或P<0.01)。注射MT 71、4mg/kg 5min时LVSP、LVEDP、 dp/dtm、-dp/dtm、T增加最为明显(P<0.05或P<0.01);注射MT 3.5mg/kg仅在5min时LVSP明显增加(P<0.05)。结论苦参碱具有减慢心率,增强心功能和升高血压的作用,但作用时间短。     

绞股蓝总皂甙对麻醉大鼠血液动力学影响的微机分析

微机化心血管功能检测法证明,静脉注射绞股蓝总皂甙(Gypenosides.GP)50mg/kg立即引起麻醉大鼠心率减慢,血压先一过性降低后弱而持久升高,其下降程度舒张压(DBP)>收缩压(SBP),同时左室收缩压(LVSP)、室内压最大变化速率(±dP/dtmax)、左室收缩成分缩短最大速度(Vpm)、等容舒张期心室内压下降的时间常数(T值)等亦象血压呈现双向作用。这表明GP对血压和心脏功能有先抑制后兴奋的双向作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…