高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸含量及药动学研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸的含量，研究大黄酸在正常人体内的药物动力学。方法：色谱柱为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８５μ，２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ；流动相为甲醇－水－冰乙酸（８０∶２０∶０．５，ｐＨ３．７），紫外λ／ｎｍ２５４ｎｍ检测。用３Ｐ８７程序计算６名健康志愿者口服１００ｍｇ大黄酸后的药动学参数。结果：血药浓度在０．１～１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好，其相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９４，最小检测浓度３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。回收率＞９１．８％；日内、日间相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别＜８．４％、１０．３％（ｎ＝５）。主要药动学参数为ｔ１／２＝４．０８±０．５３ｈ，ｔｍａｘ＝２．２４±０．６３ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１１．８５±５．０３μｇ／ｍｌ，ＡＵＣ０→∞＝９３．４±４３．５μｇ／（ｈ·ｍｌ）。结论：该方法简单、灵敏，并为大黄酸的进一步研究开发创造了条件     

微量元素对超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

用ＮＢＴ－Ｐ法、火焰原子吸收法，测定了不同浓度Ｓｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｆ－条件下ＳＯＤ标准品的活性和反应体积中Ｓｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｆ－含量。结果显示：（１）Ｓｅ浓度为７．５μｇ／Ｌ，ＳＯＤ活性达５９．００ｍｇ／Ｌ；Ｓｅ浓度由０．００μｇ／Ｌ增加至７．５μｇ／Ｌ时，ＳＯＤ活性由４２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ升至５９．００ｍｇ／Ｌ；Ｓｅ浓度继续增加到１０．００μｇ／Ｌ、２０．００μｇ／Ｌ时，ＳＯＤ活性均降为４２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ。（２）Ｍｇ浓度为３０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ时，ＳＯＤ活性由９６．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｍｇ浓度由０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ增至３０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＳＯＤ活性达４２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，升至９６．５ｍｇ／Ｌ；继续增加Ｍｇ浓度到５０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＳＯＤ活性降为７５．５ｍｇ／Ｌ。（３）Ｆ－由０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ增加到５．００ｍｇ／Ｌ时，ＳＯＤ活性由４２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ升到４９．５ｍｇ／Ｌ；继续增加Ｆ浓度到１０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＳＯＤ活性降为４４．５ｍｇ／Ｌ；再增加Ｆ浓度至２０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ、４５．００ｍｇ／Ｌ后，ＳＯＤ活性维持在４９．５～５１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ之间。提示：ＳＯＤ活性受微量元素Ｓｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｆ－浓度的影响较大，只有在最适微量元素浓度条件下，ＳＯＤ活性方可达最高。     

HPLC法测定经皮渗透接受液中双氯灭痛的浓度

采用ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ以４＇－羟基－５－氯双氯灭痛为内标，测定了经皮渗透接受液中双氯灭痛的含量。考察了流动相组成、ｐＨ值等对双氯灭痛色谱行为的影响情况。方法简便准确，回收率为９８．４４％～１０２．３％，ＲＳＤ＜２．４％，双氯灭痛浓度在０．５～１６μｇ／ｍｌ范围内，线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９９），最低检测限５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。色谱条件为：Ｃ（１８）Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｌ（５μｍ，１００ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ）不锈钢柱，甲醇ｐＨ７．０磷酸盐缓冲液（０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）（５６：４４）作流动用，检测波长２８０ｎｍ，进样量２０μｌ。     

诺氟沙星体内浓度测定及其药动学研究

作者用反相高效液相色谱（ＲＰ—ＨＰＬＣ）测定方法，进行体内诺氟沙星的药代动力学研究。波动相：乙腈—甲醇—磷酸盐缓冲液（ｐＨ３．００）３３∶３３∶３４，奎宁为内标，荧光２９０／４５０ｎｍ检测，线性范围０．２４４～２．９２８μｇ／ｍｌ。平均提取回收率：９７．１７±２．６８％。用本法测定１０名健康受试者口服诺氟沙星的体内药代动力学，药一时曲线符合一室模型，药代动力学参数分别为：ＡＵＣ＝４２９５．０２ｎｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）ｈ；Ｃ＿（ｍａｘ）＝７７６．９７ｎｇ／ｍｌ；Ｔ＿（ｍａｘ）＝１．３８ｈ；Ｔ１／２β＝３．１０ｈ。     

自动超氧化物歧化酶活性分析仪的研究

目的研究和评价自动超氧化物歧化酶活性分析仪。方法通过正交试验分析影响测试的因素并研究最佳测试条件等。结果①影响测试结果的因素依次为：Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣＬ缓冲液的ｐＨ值＞焦性没食子酸浓度＞Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣＬ缓冲液的体积＞Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣＬ缓冲液的浓度＞搅拌速度；②最佳测试条件为：在２５℃时，０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ８．２的Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣＬ缓冲液０．２ｍｌ，样品用量５～２０μｌ，０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ焦性没食子酸加入量为２０μｌ（终浓度１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）；③线性工作范围为：ＳＯＤ浓度２．２５～１１．２５μｇ／２０μｌ；检测限：ＳＯＤ２．２５μｇ／２０μｌ，灵敏度１．０４；④分析的精密度为：组内合并ＣＶ３．８８％～６．７８％，组间合并ＣＶ５．５５％；⑤分析的准确率为：回收率９０．１０％～１０２．３７％，平均回收率（９４．５１±８．２０）％。结论自动超氧化物歧化酶活性分析仪快速、简便、适用范围较广。     

正常人血浆内皮素水平及其动态变化

作采用特异内皮素（ＥＴ）抗体，通过放射免疫分析法，检测４０名健康人血浆ＥＴ水平。同时，对其中２０名分别持续观察了１５０ｍｉｎ内的６次空腹及试餐后（面食１５０ｇ，水１００ｍｌ）血浆ＥＴ水平的动态变化。结果表明：４０名健康人血浆ＥＴ含量均值为１１．５３±５．７８ｎｇ／Ｌ；男性为１３．１４±６．１２ｎｇ／Ｌ，女性为１１．３８±５．８０ｎｇ／Ｌ（Ｐ〉０．０５）；大于３０岁年龄组为１２．８７±６．０６ｎｇ     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中异烟肼和吡嗪酰胺的含量

建立了同时测定人血浆中异烟肼和吡嗪酰胺的反相高效液相色谱法。色谱柱Ｌｉｃｈｒｏｓｐｈｅｒ １００ＲＰ－Ｃ８（５μｍ）流动相为乙腈（Ａ）：０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾（Ｂ）（每５００ｍｌ中加入三乙胺约２００μｍｌ调ｐＨ５．６）,检测波长２７０ｎｍ。线性范围分别为０．１￣１０μｇ／ｍｌ和１￣４０μｇ／ｍｌ,方法回收率分别为大于９０％和８２％,日内,日间差皆小于１０％。     

人血浆中尼美舒利的高效液相色谱法测定及其药代动力学研究

以对羟基联苯为内标设计了血浆中尼美舒利的高效液相色谱测定法。色谱柱为Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｌ ＯＤＳ２ ２０ｃｍ×４．６ｍｍ ＩＤ５μｍ，流动相为甲醇－水－冰醋酸（６０：４０：１），流速１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，检测波长为２３０ｎｍ。血样经盐酸溶液酸化反以乙醚提取，回收率为８１．５３％￣８９．１７％，血浆中尼美舒利的最低检出浓度为０．０２μｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围为０．１￣２０μｇ／ｍｌ。１０名志愿者随机交叉ｐｏ单剂量２     

HPLC法同时测定“点必宁”滴眼液中氧氟沙星和地塞米松的含量

以愈创木酚甘油醚为内标，甲醇水００５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾（５２∶１５∶３３）为流动相，在Ｃ１８柱上同时分离测定氧氟沙星和地塞米松的含量。检测波长２４０ｎｍ，浓度线性范围：氧氟沙星１５０～７５０μｇ／ｍｌ，地塞米松５０～２５０μｇ／ｍｌ。     

反相离子对高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿昔洛韦浓度及药代动力学

建立了用反相离子对高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿昔洛韦浓度的方法。色谱柱采用ＡｌｌｔｅｃｈＣ＿１８分析柱，以０．０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ氯化钠－甲醇－ＩＰＲ－Ｂ７离子对色谱试剂混合液（１００：１５：０．６；ｖ／ｖ）为流动相。检测波长为２５４ｎｍ，肾上腺素为内标。血浆样品经高氯酸沉淀蛋白后直接进样测定。阿昔洛韦浓度在４０～１６００ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性良好，ｒ＝０．９９９２．测定含阿苷洛韦１６０ｎｇ／ｍｌ的血浆样品，其日内（ｎ＝７）及日间的ＲＳＤ分别为４．７％和３．０％。平均回收率为９８．２±５．３％。测定了１０名健康志愿者单次口服阿昔洛韦片剂４００ｍｇ后不同时间的血药浓度并计算了有关的药代动力学参数。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…