A study of prophylactic use of 15-methyl prostalglandin F2alpha in the active management of third stage of labour

To compare active management of third stage of labour with 15-methyl prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and conventional management with methylergometrine as prophylaxis for postpartum hemorrhage, a randomised comparative study was carried out at Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata on 100 women. They were randomly allotted to one of the two groups. Group A included 50 women who received 15-methyl PGF2alpha (125 microg) intramusculary at the time of delivery of the anterior shoulder and group B included 50 women who underwent conventional management of the third stage of labour where methylergometrine 0.2 mg was given after delivery of placenta. Main outcome measured were duration of third stage, amount of bleeding and side-effects. The present study showed that there were significent reduction of the duration of third stage as well as reduction of amount of bleeding particularly when 125 microg of 15-methyl PGF2alpha was given intramuscularly at the time of delivery of the anterior shoulder in comparison to coventional method of management of third stage of labour with methylergometrine. Placental expulsion occurred within 4 minutes in group A and 16.5 minutes in group B. The amount of bleeding following delivery was 95.6 ml in average in group A and 249.6 ml in average in group B. 15-methyl PGF2alpha (125 microg) is certainly effective in prevention of postpartum haemorrhage particularly in developing country like India where this complication contributes a major factor for maternal mortality.     

Potentiating action of PGF2 alpha and syntocinon on the pregnant human uterus

The in vitro effects of administration of PGF2 alpha and syntocinon were studied using strips from pregnant human uteri collected at midtrimester, at term, and immediately postpartum as well as strips from a midtrimester pregnant cervix. It was found that when the 2 drugs are administered together a potentiating effect is achieved on the uterine strips but not on the cervical strips. The combined administration of low doses of PGF2 alpha and syntocinon may minimize or abolish the side effects of induced labor or abortion.     

CI-IANGES IN THE PLASMA LEVELS OF PGE, PGF2a AND 6-Keto-PGFla IN CANINE ENDOTOXIC SHOCK

The plasma levels of PGE, PGF2a and 6-keto PGFla in the canine model of endotoxic shock were determined with radioimmunoassay. Following cndotoxin injection, the PGF2a levels were rapidly increased to peak at 5 minutes. There was a negative correlation between the PGE level and the change in total systemic peripheral resistance at early stage of shock. The administration of anisodamine 2 hours after endotoxin injection showed no effect on the changes of PGE and PGF2a levels in the shocked dogs. The plasma levels of PGE and PGF2a in the shocked children with fulminating epidemic menin gococcal meningitis were also markedly elevated dur- ing shock but fell within normal range at convales- sence. After the dogs were given endotoxin the plasma level of 6-keto-PGFla increased slowly during the first hour, reached a peak at 2 hours and re mained high for 12 hours. There was a negative correlation between the 6keto-PGFla level and the blood pressure. The plasma 6keto PGFla level was decreased and the blood pressure improved corres- pondingly with a negative linear correlation as a result of administration of anisodamine 5-10 minutes after endotoxin injection. These results suggested that PGE and PGI2, as one of the humoral factors, might participate at least partially in the endotoxin induced hypotension, and that the inhibition of PGI2 synthesis was considered contributable to certain degree to the antishock effect of anisodamine.     

吲达帕胺对自发性高血压大鼠组织6-酮-PGF_(1α)、PGE_2、PGF_(2α)合成及对血浆 TXB_2的影响

观察自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)服用降压药吲达帕胺后,在血压下降的同时,体内前列腺素系统的变化,并与对照组及正常大鼠比较。结果表明,SHR体内缩血管前列腺素(PGE_2和PGF_2a)合成量较正常大鼠升高,这可能与SHR高血压的出现和维持密切相关。SHR服用吲达帕胺后体内PGI_2合成呈增加趋势,而PGE_2及PGF_2a合成急剧下降,表明在SHR,前列腺素系统,尤其是PGE_2及PGF_2a,在吲达帕胺的降压过程中发挥着一定作用。     

Urine excretion of PGE2, PGF2 alpha in patients with deficiency-cold syndrome and deficiency-heat syndrome

The 3 hours' urine excretion of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in 32 patients and 19 healthy persons were determined by RIA. According to TCM, the patients were divided into two groups: 17 cases of deficiency-cold syndrome and 15 cases of deficiency-heat syndrome. The result showed that in patients with deficiency-cold syndrome, the excretion of urine PGE2 was lower than that of the normal control (P less than 0.05), while the excretion of urine PGF2 alpha higher than that of the normal control (P less than 0.01) and hence the PGE2/PGF2 alpha ratio was much lower (P less than 0.01); in those with deficiency-heat syndrome, the excretion of urine PGE2 was higher (P less than 0.01), the excretion of urine PGF2 alpha had no significant change (P greater than 0.05) from the normal, and the PGE2/PGF2 alpha ratio was higher (P less than 0.01). The above result indicates a close relationship between prostaglandins and the cold and heat nature of syndromes in TCM. In connection with our previous studies that showed decreased functioning of the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system and/or increased functioning of the parasympathetic nervous system with diminished catecholamines and reduced cAMP/cGMP ratio in deficiency-cold syndrome while increased functioning of the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system with augmented catecholamines and cAMP in deficiency-heat syndrome, the change of prostaglandins level can be considered as an intermediate link in the pathogenesis of syndromes different in cold and heat nature.     

阿斯匹林对突发性耳聋患者血浆TXB_2、6-K-PGF_(1a)的影响

用酶标记免疫法测定３０例突发性耳聋（突聋）患者发病期血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）和６酮前列腺素Ｆ１ａ（６ＫＰＧＦ１ａ）的含量，并对比不同治疗方法对血浆ＴＸＢ２和６ＫＰＧＦ１ａ的影响。结果：突聋患者ＴＸＢ２、ＴＸＢ２／６ＫＰＧＦ１ａ（Ｔ／Ｐ）比值明显增高，６ＫＰＧＦ１ａ显著降低；阿斯匹林治疗后，ＴＸＢ２及Ｔ／Ｐ比值接近正常水平，６ＫＰＧＦ１ａ无明显变化，常规治疗组各项指标均无显著性变化。提示：突聋患者可能存在Ｔ／Ｐ动态平衡失调，而对Ｔ／Ｐ平衡失调的突聋患者加用阿斯匹林治疗可能提高疗效。     

卡前列甲酯合并酪氨酰肼对小鼠的抗早孕作用

目的观察卡前列甲酯（ＰＧ０５）合并酪氨酰肼对小鼠抗早孕作用。方法小鼠于妊娠第７～９天给药,观察妊娠率;用放射免疫法测定血清孕酮水平。结果小鼠口服９０ｍｇ／ｋｇ酪氨酰肼（３ｄ）能显著增强皮下注射０．２ｍｇ／ｋｇＰＧ０５（２ｄ）的抗早孕作用,并协同ＰＧ０５降低孕小鼠血清孕酮的水平。３０μｇ／ｍｌ酪氨酰肼对大鼠黄体细胞３β－ＨＳＤ的活性有明显的抑制作用。口服１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ酪氨酰肼（３ｄ）对假孕大鼠子宫孕激素受体数目无显著影响。结论酪氨酰肼抑制体内孕酮的生成可能是其协同ＰＧ０５抗早孕作用的主要机制。     

缝隙连接在前列腺素F2a诱导离体脑血管收缩中作用的研究

目的 探讨缝隙连接在前列腺素F2a诱导离体脑血管收缩中的作用及其变化.方法 提取新西兰大白兔基底动脉后,用血管环张力实验检测各缝隙连接对基底动脉张力变化的作用;用血管条孵育实验检测基底动脉舒缩与缝隙连接蛋白表达变化之间的相互关系.结果 PGF2a呈浓度依赖性地诱导离体基底动脉收缩,缝隙连接阻断剂可呈浓度依赖性地抑制PGF2a诱导的基底动脉收缩;PGF2a可后使基底动脉平滑肌细胞中Cx43蛋白表达上调,缝隙连接阻断剂可有效地抑制PGF2a诱导的Cx43蛋白表达上调.结论 缝隙连接参与PGF2a诱导离体兔脑基底动脉的变化;缝隙连接蛋白的表达与离体兔基底动脉收缩的变化有密切关系.     

吸入一氧化氮治疗急性高原病患者血浆TXB2和6-Keto-PGF1a的变化及临床观察

目的了解吸入一氧化氮(NO)对急性高原病患者血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1a(6-Keto-PGF1a)变化及临床症状的影响.方法 47例急性高原病患者随机分为2组,一组为常规药物治疗组(23例),另一组为NO治疗组(24例).常规药物治疗组给予吸氧、氨茶碱、地塞米松、速尿等药物治疗.NO治疗组仅给予吸入由海拔3 658 m高度空气平衡的0.001%的NO气体,每天2次,上午、下午各1 h.观察两组治疗前后血浆TXB2和6-Keto-PGF1a含量及临床症状的变化情况(临床症状采用Lake Louise急性高原病评分规则评分).结果两组患者治疗前后相比TXB2、TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1a及临床症状评分均显著下降,6-Keto-PGF1a显著升高,其中常规药物治疗组P<0.05,NO治疗组P<0.01;两组治疗后比较P<0.05.结论吸入NO能使急性高原病患者血浆TXB2和TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1a比值显著降低,6-Keto-PGF1a 显著升高,并显著改善急性高原病患者的临床症状,有利于患者康复.     

适量饮酒对健康成年男性血浆TXB2,6-Keto-PGF2a及血小板聚集功能的影响

①目的　观察适量饮酒对健康成年男性的血小板聚集功能及血浆血栓素B2 (TXB2 ) ,6 酮 前列腺素F2a(6 Keto PGF2a)的影响。②方法　将 80例健康成年男性随机分成 4组 ,分别空腹饮用矿泉水、啤酒、干红葡萄酒各 2 0 0mL ,白酒 50mL加矿泉水至 2 0 0mL .于饮前及饮后 2h分别测定血小板的聚集率及解聚率 ,并采血测定血浆TXB2 ,6 Keto PGF2a.③结果　矿泉水组饮后上述指标无变化 (t=0 .0 3～ 0 .84,P >0 .0 5) ;白酒、啤酒、红葡萄酒组饮后血小板聚集率减低 (t=8.1 2～ 2 4 .39,P <0 .0 1 ) ,解聚率升高 (t=2 8.48～ 35 .2 2 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ,血浆TXB2 降低 (t=2 5 .69～ 89.83 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ,而血浆 6 Keto PGF2a升高 (t=2 1 .0 6～ 2 3 .2 9,P <0 .0 1 )。④结论　健康成年男性适量饮酒可减低其血小板聚集功能 ,降低其血浆TXB2 ,提高其血浆 6 Keto PGF2a水平