Multi-center Study of Enteral Feeding Practices in Hospitalized Late Preterm Infants in China

Objective To investigate the current enteral feeding practices in hospitalized late preterm infants in the Beijing area of China. Methods A multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted. Infants born after 34 weeks and before 37 weeks of gestation were enrolled from 25 hospitals in the Beijing area of China from October 2015 to October 2017. Data on enteral feeding practices were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 1,463 late preterm infants were enrolled, with a mean gestational age(GA) of 35.6(34.9, 36.1) weeks. The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding was 4.5% at the initiation of enteral feeding but increased to 14.4% at discharge. When human milk was not available, most infants(46.1%) were fed with preterm infant formula. The rate of exclusive human milk feeding in infants born at 34 weeks gestation was higher than at discharge(21.1% of infants born at 34 weeks' GA versus 12.1% of infants born at 35 weeks' GA versus 12.3% of infants born at 36 weeks' GA, P 0.001). Only 28.4% of late preterm infants achieved full enteral feeding at discharge, and only 19.2% achieved 120 kcal/(kg·d) by enteral feeding at discharge. Importantly, 40.5% of infants did not regain the birth weight at discharge. Conclusion Enteral feeding support of late preterm infants has not been standardized to achieve optimal growth. Moreover, the human milk feeding rate was low, and many late preterm infants did not achieve the goal of enteral feeding and failed to regain birth weight at the time of discharge. More aggressive enteral feedings protocols are needed to promote human milk feeding and optimize growth for late preterm infants.     

Clinical observation of Yinzhihuang Oral Liquid (茵栀黄口服液) on prevention of the premature infantile jaundice

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Yinzhihuang Oral Liquid(YOL,茵栀黄口服液)to prevent the premature infantile jaundice.Methods:After excluded hemolytic,suffocation,infection,and the very low birth weight,242 cases of premature infants were randomly assigned to two groups,the treatment group and the control group.Both groups were taken conventional procedures,such as warmth,feeding,and blood glucose monitoring,and the treated group was administered YOL 5 mL each time,twice daily additionally,and the...     

Preventive Effect of Different Dosage of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin on Anemia of Premature Infants

To assess the efficacy and the optimum dose of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) on the anemia of premature, 45 preterm infants with a gestational age of less than 35 weeks and birth weight of less 1800 g were randomly assigned to treatment group 1 (n=15, receiving subcutaneous rhEpo 150 U/kg·time), treatment group 2 (n=15, receiving 250 U/kg·time), three times a week for 6 weeks, and control group (n=15, no treatment was given).All preterm infants received supplements of vitamin E (20 IU) and iron (20 mg) each day. Our results showed that postnatal decline of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) were lessened in the treatment groups, particularly in the group 2 and the differences were very significant (P<0.0001 for all). Treated infants had significantly higher reticulocyte counts (Ret) (P<0.0001 for all), but there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups (P>0.05).Serum iron dropped significantly in the treatment groups as compared with control group (P<0.01 for all), bu     

Effects of Glutamine Supplementation on Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery

Objective To evaluate the effects of supplementation of glutamine （GLN） on maintaining glu- tathione （GSH） level, immune system function, liver function, and clinical outcome of patients receiving abdominal operation. Methods Forty patients undergoing elective abdominal surgical treatment were randomly divided into 2 groups： study group （n=20） and control group （n=20）. All patients received total parenteral nutrition （TPN） for up to 7 days during perioperative period. The study group received TPN supplemented with GLN dipeptide while the control group received TPN without GLN dipeptide. Patients in both groups received equivalent nitrogen and caloric intake. Blood sample was taken on preoperative day, and the 1st, 3rd, 6th postoperative day to measure GSH level, immune indexes, and liver function indexes. Results The decrease of GSH level in plasma and red blood cell （RBC） in study group was less than that in control group during postoperative period. Ratio of GSH/glutathione disulfide （GSSG） in plasma in study grouP was higher than that in control group on the 3rd postoperative day （52.53±11.46 vs. 31.43±7.27, P = 0.001）. Albumin level in study group was higher than that in control group on the 3rd postoperative day （37.7±3.8 g/L vs. 33.8±4.2 g/L, P = 0.02）. There was no significant difference in the levels of immunoglobin （IgG, IgM, IgA） or T lymphocyte subgroup （CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8） in both groups during postoperative period. There was one case with infectious complication in control group, while none in study group. A trend of shortened hospital stay was observed in study group compared with control group （22.3±2.1 d vs. 24.9±1.7 d,P= 0.32）. Conclusions Supplementation of GLN-enriched TPN has beneficial effects on maintaining GSH levels in plasma and RBC, sustaining GSH/GSSG ratio and albumin level, and keeping antioxidant abilities during postoperative period in patients with abdominal operation, with the trends of decreasing incidence of infectious complication and shortening hospital stay.     

持续喂养对早产儿喂养不耐受的影响

目的 评估持续喂养治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的疗效.方法 选择住院喂养不耐受早产儿60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例,两组其他治疗方法均相同,治疗组采取口饲早产奶持续喂养,对照组采取口饲早产奶间断喂养.结果 治疗组早产儿喂养不耐受的临床症状明显改善,每天增加奶量、残奶量与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).两组患儿体质量增长比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 持续喂养治疗新生儿喂养不耐受能提高肠道喂养的成功率,避免完全静脉营养的弊端,安全、实用. Abstract： Objective To assess the curative effect of continuous feeding on preterm infants with feeding intolerance. Methods Sixty preterm infants with feeding intolerance in hospital who used the same other treatment method were readomly divided into treatment group and control group,every group had 30 cases.The infants in treatment group toke continuous feeding and the infants in control group toke intermittent feeding with preterm milk by mouth. Results The preterm infants in treatment group had significantly lesser clinical symptoms, increase more milk per day, lesser residual milk and more body mass than that in the control group(P<0.01). Conclusions Continuous feeding on preterm infants with feeding intolerance can improve the success rate of enteral feeding to avoid the drawbacks of total parenteral nutrition,it is safe and practical.     

Early intervention promotes intellectual development of premature infants: a preliminary report. Early Intervention of Premature Infants Cooperative Research Group

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of early intervention on the intellectual development of the premature infants.

METHODS Premature infants at gestational age of 28-36.9 weeks were randomly divided into two groups: intervention and conventional care groups. Normal newborn infants during the same period were included in the control group (routine care). Up to March 1996, 156 cases were over the age 1.5-2 years (corrected age), 52 in the intervention group, 51 in the conventional care group and 53 in the normal control group. Parents were taught to carry out the 0-2 year intervention program, which included motor, cognitive, speech development and social behavior. Every three months, height, weight and head circumference were measured. At the age of one and a half and two years, all infants in the three groups received infant development tests of Child Development Center of China (CDCC) scale. The examiner did not know which infant had received intervention.

RESULTS There was no significant difference in biological factors among the two premature groups and in cultural and social factors among the three groups. Intelligence tests at the age of one and a half and two years showed that the average mental development index (MDI) in the intervention group was 13.8 and 14.6 higher than those in the conventional care group and the differences were significant. The psychomotor development index (PDI) was 5.2 and 4.7 higher but the differences were not significant. The MDI and PDI in the intervention group and normal control were quite close, but at two years, the MDI and PDI in the intervention group were 5.7 and 7.3 higher than those in the normal control and the differences were significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control, the MDI in conventional care group at one and a half and two years of age were 11.5 and 8.9 lower. The difference was very significant. There were four cases of mental retardation, whose mental development index (MDI) was less then 70 in the conventional care group, but none in the intervention group.

CONCLUSIONS Early intervention can promote intellectual development of the premature infants and may be beneficial to the prevention of mental retardation. Early and intensive intervention can produce better results. Bringing parent's initiative into full play through deepening their understanding of the importance of early intervention is the key to success.

     

Gliquidone versus metformin: differential effects on aorta in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Background Diabetic cardiovascular complication is a major cause of mortality in type 2 diabetic patients.Hyperglycemia markedly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.Endothelial dysfunction is common in type 2 diabetes mellitus （DM） and is an early indicator of diabetic vascular disease.Therefore,it is necessary to identify the effect of different hypoglycemic agents on vascular endothelium.The aim of the study was to examine and compare the effects of metformin and gliquidone on atherosclerotic lesions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats （age,8 weeks; weight,180-200 g） were included in this study and fed with a normal chow diet for 1 week.Rats （n=10） served as the normal control group （NC group） were fed with a normal chow for another 2 weeks and received an injection of saline.The rest 30 rats fed with a high-fat diet for 2 weeks and injected streptozotocin were randomly assigned to three groups （n=10 rats per group） as follow：type 2 DM group （DM group）,DM ＋ gliquidone group （GLI group） and DM ＋ metformin group （MET group）.Five weeks later,all rats were fasted overnight and taken tail blood samples for biochemical determinations.Then rats in the NC and DM groups were administrated with normal saline,while rats in the MET and GLI groups were administrated with metformin （100 mg/kg） or gliquidone （10 mg/kg）,respectively.All medicines were given via intragastric administration for 8 weeks.After 16 weeks,plasma triglyceride （TG）,total cholesterol （TC）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） were measured.The aortic arch was isolated from diabetic rats and was assessed by pathological sectioning using H＆E staining.Results Metformin treatment prevented weight gain （（315.80±52.16） g vs.（318.70±68.48） g,P=0.773）,improved plasma TG,HDL-C and LDL-C levels （P=0.006,0.003,0.001,respectively,all P ＜0.05）.However,gliquidone showed no significant effects on plasma TG and TC levels （P=0.819,0.053,respectively）.LDL-C and HDL-C in the GLI group changed （（0.46±0.10） mmol/L vs.（0.36±0.14） mmol/L,P=0.007; （0.99±0.27） mmol/L vs.（1.11±0.18） mmol/L,P=0.049）.Both metformin and gliquidone treatment lowered blood glucose levels （P=0.001,0.004,respectively,P ＜0.05）.Under light microscopy,no changes were observed in the aortic wall structure of each layer; the intima was smooth and the membrane elastic fibers were normal in the NC group.In the DM group,the aortic wall structure was unclear,the intima was thickened with irregular intima,and membrane elastic fibers collapsed.The aortic intima in the MET and GLI groups was smoother compared with the DM group,but the endothelial structure of the MET group was closer to that of the NC group.Conclusions Both metformin and gliquidone have anti-atherosclerotic effects.But the endothelial structure of the MET group was closer to that of the NC group.Metformin and gliquidone therapy can reduce serum level of LDL-C and increase level of HDL-C,whereas gliquidone therapy did not lose weight and decrease serum level of TG.These data may have important implications for the treatment of patients with type 2 DM.     

Effects of Cow's Milk on Reproduction in ICR Male Mice

Objective To study the effects of Cow＇s milk on the reproduction in male mice. Methods Twenty-four male mice were divided randomly into two groups： milk group （M） and control group （C）. Each mouse was given 10 mL milk per day from 4 to 16 weeks in the group M. At the age of 17 weeks, all the mice were sacrificed. Results Serum testosterone was decreased in the group M （P=0.037）. No significant difference was found in weight of testes, seminal vesicle or adrenal gland of mice between the groups C and M. However, the weight of seminal vesicle decreased when expressed in g/100 g body weight in the group M. Epididymal sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and sperm head number were not affected by milk. Conclusion Cow＇s milk has adverse effects on the reproductive system in ICR male mice. Further studies are needed to clarify the specific effects of milk on reproductive health.     

Response to Pain by Different Gestational Age Neonates

One hundred infants were divided into the following 3 gestational age (GA) groups: ( I )premature infants (n＝ 30) with the gestational age between 29 and 32 weeks; ( Ⅱ ) premature infants (n＝30) with the gestational age between 33 and 36 weeks; ( Ⅲ ) full-term infants (n＝40).The recorded responses of all infants to pain included the behavioral responses to painful stimuli (cry,facial activity and limbs movement) and the variety of heart rate. The results indicated that the infants of 3 groups had different degree response to various painful stimuli. Pain expression in full term infants was more significant than premature infants to same stimuli. 33-weeks GA infants were differential from 29-weeks GA infants. Full term infants showed more vertical mouth stretch and more taut tongue and more hand to mouth than premature infants, but more horizontal mouth stretch in premature infants.     

Effects of Zhizi Chuanxiong Capsule (栀子川芎胶囊) on Abnormal Methylation in Rabbits with Atherosclerosis

Objective: To investigate the effects of Zhizi Chuanxiong Capsule(ZCC, 栀子川芎胶囊) on abnormal DNA methylation in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis(AS). Methods: After 1 week of adaptive feeding, 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: a control group(n=12) fed with normal diet for 22 weeks; a model group(n=12) fed with high fat diet for 14 weeks followed by 8 weeks of normal diet feeding; a low-dose ZCC group(n=12) fed with high fat diet and low-dose ZCC for 14 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of normal diet and low-dose drug; a high-dose ZCC group(n=12) fed with high fat diet and high-dose drug for 14 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of normal diet and high-dose drug. After 22 weeks of feeding, blood samples were taken from the rabbit ear vein, and the genomic DNA was extracted for methylation immunoprecipitation sequencing(Medip-seq). The aorta tissues were collected for hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Results: Eight rabbits died during the feeding process. HE staining showed that the size of the lipid deposition on vessel wall and atherosclerotic plaque formation were reduced in both low-and high-dose group. The Medip-seq results showed that there were 146 abnormally methylated genes(including both hypermethylated gene and hypomethylated genes) in the model group, compared with the control group. Gene Ontology(GO) and Pathway analysis showed that these abnormally methylated genes were found to be involved in multiple AS-related functions and pathways, such as protein kinase C activity, cholesterol transport, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway, peroxisome proliferater-activated receptor signaling pathway, vascular smooth muscle contraction, inflammation and so on. The abnormal methylated genes in AS model group were altered in both low-and high-dose groups: low-dose ZCC could change 72 of the 146 abnormally methylated genes, highdose ZCC could change 71. Through GO and Pathway analysis, these altered methylated genes were involved in protein kinase C activity, inflammatory pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway, etc. Conclusion: ZCC could treat AS through regulating the abnormal hypermethylated and hypomethylated genes in AS rabbit model.     

微量肠内喂养预防早产极（超）低体重儿胃肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积

月的探讨微量肠内喂养降低胎龄28-32周及体重≤1．5kg的早产极低体重儿及超低体重儿胃肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积（PNAC）发病率的效果。方法60例胎龄28-32周及体重≤1．5kg的早产极低体重儿在生后即分配到微量喂养组（持续喂养组）或静脉营养输注组（静脉营养组）研究其PNAC发生率。结果微量肠内喂养组早产儿PNAC发生率20．7％;静脉营养组早产儿PNAC发生率46．7％,两组早产儿PNAC的发生率差异有统计学意义。结论微量肠内喂养较静脉营养组能降低胎龄28～32周及体重≤1．5kg的早产极低体重儿PNAC发生率。     

早期微量喂养降低早产儿喂养不耐受的临床观察

目的探讨早期微量喂养对减少早产儿喂养不耐受的效果。方法选择我院新生儿科2009年4月—2012年4月收治的早产儿作为研究对象,将2011年4月前收治的早产儿作为对照组,2011年4月后收治的早产儿作为观察组。对照组于生后常规禁食24 h,24 h出现肠呜音或排胎便后常规喂早产儿配方奶,观察组于生后3 h~24 h开始早期微量喂养。观察2组患儿喂养不耐受发生比例、达全量肠内营养时间、恢复出生体重时间、拔胃管时间以及住院天数。结果观察组喂养不耐受发生率明显低于对照组,恢复出生体重时间及达全量肠内营养时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01);拔胃管时间和住院时间亦短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论早期微量喂养能促进早产儿胃肠成熟,缩短恢复出生体重和达全量肠内营养的时间,减少喂养不耐受的发生。     

含谷氨酰胺的肠内营养对肠癌患者术后营养状况和免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨含谷氨酰胺的肠内营养对肠癌术后患者营养状况和免疫功能的影响。方法66例结直肠癌术后患者按随机数字表法分为3组,每组22例,含谷氨酰胺肠内营养组（ Gln组）给予含谷氨酰胺营养液肠内营养,常规肠内营养组（ EN组）给予普通肠内营养,肠外营养组（ PN组）给予普通肠外营养,3组疗程均为10 d。观察3组患者术前1 d、术后1 d、10 d的营养、免疫指标及手术情况。结果术后10 d,Gln组体重（BW）、肱三头肌皮褶厚度（TSF）、上臂肌围（AMC）、白蛋白（ALB）均明显优于EN组和PN组（P均＜0．05）,且ALB高于PN组（P均＜0．05）,总蛋白（TP）低于EN组（P＜0．05）,术后10 d,Gln组CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋、IgA明显高于EN组（P均＜0．05）,CD8＋明显低于EN组,并且CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋明显高于PN组（P均＜0．05）。3组肛门排气时间、拆线时间、并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）,住院时间Gln组、EN组长于PN组（P＜0．05）。结论应用含谷氨酰胺的肠内营养对改善肠癌患者术后营养状态和免疫功能有一定作用。     

早产低出生体重儿的早期喂养方法和喂养不耐受的相关性

目的探讨不同的早期喂养方法在早产低出生体重儿中的临床应用以及与喂养不耐受性（FI）的相关性,寻找早产低出生体重儿尤其是极低出生体重儿（VLBW）的最合适喂养方法。方法对本院2007年5月-2009年12月期间在新生儿病房住院的早产低出生体重儿150例（VLBW112例）随机进行分组,分别给予早期经口微量喂养、饲管内直接人工推注间断喂养、微量输液泵间断喂养（IBG）、微量输液泵持续喂养（CNG）等四种喂养方法,同时进行部分静脉营养,观察不同组患儿喂养不耐受性及达到完全胃肠道喂养时间（FEF）。结果不同喂养方法中FI发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;早期经口微量喂养FI发生率27．8％（VLBW为28％）,管饲持续喂养FI发生率24．3％（VLBW为28．1％）,均较间断喂养低（P〈0．05）;VLBW中,不同喂养方法达到FEF时间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;CNG（15．6±2．1）d较IBG（19．8±2．2）d、（18．8±2．0）d达到FEF早（P〈0.01）。结论早期微量喂养可增加喂养耐受性,经口微量喂养发生喂养不耐受低;管饲法中,早产低出生体重儿更耐受CNG喂养,且达到FEF早。     

早期微量喂养对极低体重儿生长发育的影响

目的研究极低出生体重儿对早期微量喂养的耐受情况及疗效。方法 40例极低出生体重儿随机分为两组,早期微量喂养组(EMF)和传统喂养(CF)组。EMF组生后12h内给予微量喂养,每天小于(10～20)mL/Kg新生儿奶粉,平均分成6～8次,经口管饲喂养,有吸吮、吞咽反射后改经口喂养,能耐受逐渐加量,至完全肠道营养。CF组生后禁食,72h后给予微量喂养,喂养方法同EMF组。结果观察EMF组同CF组在胃泌素水平、胃肠功能紊乱发生率、头围、恢复至出生体重时间、达完全胃肠营养时间、胎便排净时间和住院时间等具有显著性差异。结论早期微量喂养能促进胃泌素水平,减少胃肠功能紊乱的发生率,促进胎便排净,缩短达完全胃肠喂养时间,加快生长发育,是对VLBW儿安全有效的喂养方法。     

胃肠喂养联合部分静脉营养在早产儿中的应用

目的：探讨早产儿胃肠喂养联合部分静脉营养的应用效果。方法：40例早产儿随机分为对照组和治疗组,在胃肠喂养的基础上,治疗组给予部分静脉营养,对照组静脉滴注5%~10%葡萄糖注射液和电解质,对两组进行有关指标监测。结果：应用静脉营养前后早产儿血生化、血糖与输注前后差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;治疗组出生体重恢复时间、住院时间和体重增长均优于对照组（P〈0.05~P〈0.01）。结论：早产儿生后早期可耐受少量部分静脉营养,同时配合经口微量喂养,对早产儿血生化、血糖无影响,能缩短住院天数和促进体重增长。     

益生菌防治极低和低出生体重早产儿喂养不耐受的临床价值

目的：探讨益生菌在极低出生体重及低出生体重早产儿(VLBW和LBW-PI)喂养不耐受防治中的临床应用价值。方法选择我院新生儿科2014年1月至2015年3月收治的39例VLBW和LBW-PI,根据随机数表法分为对照组(n=19,予以常规治疗)和观察组(n=20,在常规治疗基础上联合益生菌),记录患儿喂养不耐受发生率、体重增长速度、恢复至出生体重时间、达全胃肠喂养时间及平均住院时间等情况,比较两组早产儿不良反应及新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发生情况。结果观察组与对照组早产儿喂养不耐受率(15.0%vs 52.6%)及不耐受持续时间[(4.32±1.28) d vs (6.33±1.25) d]比较,观察组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组早产儿恢复至出生体重时间[(8.92±1.82) d vs (10.18±1.81) d]、达全胃肠喂养时间[(15.64±2.58) d vs (18.35±2.59) d]及平均住院时间[(23.32±2.28) d vs (30.83±2.25) d]比较,观察组明显短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组无NEC发生,对照组发生NEC 1例,两组均未观察到皮疹和胃肠道不良反应。结论益生菌可减轻VLBW和LBW-PI喂养不耐受状况,缩短其恢复出生体重以及达全胃肠道营养时间,其防治VLBW和LBW-PI不耐受安全有效。     

益生菌对低体重早产儿喂养不耐受和生长发育的影响

目的:探讨益生菌制剂对早产儿喂养不耐受和生长发育的影响.方法:将70例2.5kg以下的早产低体重儿随机分成治疗组和对照组,每组35例.两组患儿均给予常规治疗,治疗组生后24 h内口服益生菌制剂(培菲康),记录两组肠道营养达418.4 kJ/(kg·d)时间,恢复出生体重时间,出生满28 d时两组患儿头围、体质量、胃肠不...     

早期静脉营养在早产低出生体重儿中的应用

目的：对比研究两种静脉营养方法对早产低出生体重儿的疗效。方法：按静脉营养方式不同，将不能耐受全胃肠道喂养的早产低出生体重儿随机分为两组，每组各30例，实验组采用早期静脉营养（early parenteral nutrition，EPN），对照组采用传统静脉营养（traditional parenteral nutrition，TPN），比较两组患儿2周内体重增长情况，过渡到全胃肠道喂养的时间，静脉营养相关并发症。结果：实验组2周内体重增长均高于对照组（P〈0.01）；两组过渡到全胃肠道喂养时间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；两组静脉营养相关并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：早产儿低出生体重儿采用早期静脉营养比传统静脉营养体重增长快，可以避免早期营养不良的发生，对过渡到全胃肠道喂养的时间没有影响，不会增加静脉营养相关并发症。     

早产儿肠外营养的疗效研究

目的:探讨早产儿早期应用传统方法及应用肠外营养方法的疗效。方法:将喂养困难摄入量少的早产儿120例(胎龄28～35周,体重1 200～2 500 g),随机分为两组,早期组于生后24 h内添加氨基酸及脂肪乳;晚期组采用传统的肠外营养方法,即72 h以后应用氨基酸及脂肪乳并结合鼻饲喂养,两组均尽早经口微量喂养。两组患儿均于生后第1天与第7天检测肝功能、血气分析,血常规,尿素氮,每天监测体重、微量血糖。比较两组患儿体重下降情况、恢复至出生体重时间、第3天时的热量、第7天时的热量、肠外营养的天数、住院总天数、过渡到全肠道营养所需的天数、并发症发生情况及血清胆固醇、三酰甘油、胆红素、尿素氮、血小板的变化。结果:早期组患儿恢复至出生体重时间较传统组短(P<0.01),第3天时的热量,第7天时的热量较传统组高(P<0.01),体重下降情况、并发症发生情况两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患儿生后相同日龄测得的直接胆红素、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及尿素氮差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:早期积极规范的肠外营养对早产儿是安全有效的。