反义T0ll样受体4表达质粒对内毒素刺激小鼠巨噬细胞的影响

目的 研究反义Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达质粒对体外内毒素刺激小鼠巨噬细胞的作用。方法反义TLR4表达质粒的构建，及转染人巨噬细胞株RAW 264．7。在不同时间用不同浓度的内毒素刺激转染细胞及对照组细胞。用半定量RT-PCR技术检测TLR4 mRNA的变化，ELISA方法检测TNF-α水平的变化。结果转染细胞的TLR4 mRNA水平低于对照组细胞。在体外用不同浓度内毒素及不同时间刺激的两组细胞NF-α水平低于对照组细胞。结论反义TLR4表达质粒能够下调体外细胞TLR4 mRNA的表达，降低细胞因子NF-α的分泌。     

粒细胞集落刺激因子对THP-1细胞Toll样受体4 mRNA表达的影响

目的　观察不同浓度不同时间下粒细胞集落刺激因子 (G CSF)刺激后 ,THP 1细胞表达Toll样受体 4mRNA以及细胞因子TNF α的变化。方法　实验采用人THP 1细胞 ,以 5 0、5 0 0及 10 0 0ng/mL的G CSF分别刺激 4和 2 4h ,继而以 10ng/mL内毒素刺激 4 5min。以RT PCR法分析Toll样受体 4 (TLR4 )mRNA水平 ,ELISA法测定细胞因子TNF α。结果　细胞经G CSF刺激后TLR4基因表达增加 ,细胞分泌TNF α上升 ,且随着G CSF刺激浓度的增加 ,TNF α分泌随之增加。刺激 2 4与 4h比较 ,TNF α分泌也有增加。结论　G CSF可刺激THP 1细胞TLR4mRNA表达及TNF α分泌 ,且其增加程度与G CSF刺激浓度及刺激时间呈正性相关     

LPS对BALB/C小鼠肾小管上皮细胞TLR4和TNFα、IL-6表达的影响

目的 探讨TLR4在BALB/C小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(TEC)的表达和内毒素/脂多糖(LPS)刺激后TLR4的变化,以及对产生肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的影响.方法 通过RT-PCR方法 检测TLR4 mRNA、TNFα mRNA和IL-6 mRNA在TEC的表达;流式细胞术检测TEC的TLR4膜蛋白水平;ELISA检测培养的TEC上清中TNFα、IL-6的含量.结果 正常TEC有TLR4 mRNA表达,但TNF αmRNA、IL-6 mRNA表达甚弱.经LPS刺激后,TEC中的TLR4 mRNA、TNF αmRNA和IL-6 mRNA表达均显著增强,TLR4膜蛋白以及培养上清中的TNFα、IL-6水平亦相应增加.结论 TLR4在LPS激活的TEC中表达显著增强,同时TEC分泌的炎症因子TNFα、IL-6的水平也相应上调.     

TLR4 及MD2 反义基因对内毒素诱导的肺泡Ⅱ型细胞活化的影响

目的 观察Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4, TLR4)及myeloid differentiation protein 2(MD2)反义基因对内毒素(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的肺泡Ⅱ型细胞NF-κB活化的影响. 方法 培养的肺泡Ⅱ型细胞分为:正常细胞(对照)组、LPS组、LPS+转染空载体组、LPS+转染TLR4反义基因组、LPS+转染MD2反义基因组、LPS+转染TLR4-MD2反义基因组(n=8).Northern blot检测转染细胞的TLR4 及MD2 mRNA表达,Western blot检测转染细胞TLR4及MD2蛋白表达,电泳迁移率改变法检测 NF-κΒ的活性,ELISA测定细胞培养上清中TNF-α和IL-6含量. 结果 与对照组比较,LPS刺激后的细胞TLR4及MD2 mRNA和蛋白表达、NF-κB活性、TNF-α和IL-6的生成均显著增加(P<0.01);而转染反义基因组细胞与其他LPS刺激组比较,TLR4 及MD2 mRNA和蛋白的表达、NF-κB活性及TNF-α和IL-6的含量均明显降低(P＜0.01). 结论 TLR4及MD2反义基因能有效抑制LPS诱导的肺泡Ⅱ型细胞的活化.     

血必净对内毒素刺激的THP-1细胞的影响

 目的 观察血必净对内毒素刺激的THP-1细胞的影响,并探究其是否具有诱导内毒素耐受的作用。方法 THP-1细胞先以不同浓度的血必净（10,25,50 mg/mL）作用不同时间（4,12,24 h),再用内毒素进行刺激。用ELISA法测定上清液中TNF-α水平,Real time-PCR技术检测TLR4和IRAK-M mRNA的表达差异。结果 不同浓度血必净不同时间作用下,各实验组细胞TNF-α分泌水平均无显著变化（P>0.05）。在高浓度（50 mg/mL）血必净组,作用24 h时细胞TLR4表达上调,是4 h时的1.547倍（P<0.05）;在作用24 h后,50 mg/mL血必净组IRAK-M表达上调,是对照组的1.349倍（P<0.05）;但其余各浓度及时间组细胞的TLR4和IRAK-M mRNA表达均无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论 血必净不能阻断内毒素刺激的THP-1细胞TNF-α的分泌,不能诱导内毒素耐受;高浓度血必净长时间作用后虽可能上调THP-1细胞TLR4和IRAK-M mRNA表达,但确切含义仍不清楚。     

GPR40反义RNA对胰岛β细胞内Ca2+浓度及胰岛素分泌的影响

目的应用反义RNA技术特异性下调胰岛β细胞G蛋白耦联受体(GPR40)的表达,观察其对胰岛β细胞内Ca2+浓度([Ca2+]i)及胰岛素分泌的影响。方法体外分离SD大鼠胰岛β细胞,将GPR40反义RNA表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-GPR40(-)用脂质体体外瞬时转染胰岛细胞,Western blot检测GPR40蛋白的表达,将1.0 mmol/L游离脂肪酸(软脂酸∶油酸=2∶1)与胰岛细胞共培养10,30,60 min,进行高葡萄糖刺激胰岛素释放试验,利用荧光探针Fura-2/AM,测定胰岛细胞[Ca2+]i变化,放射免疫法检测培养液中胰岛素浓度变化。结果与对照组和空白质粒转染组比较,GPR40反义RNA可显著降低细胞GPR40蛋白的表达水平(P<0.05),在各作用时间点,GPR40反义RNA转染组[Ca2+]i显著低于对照组(P<0.05),同时GPR40反义RNA转染组胰岛细胞的胰岛素分泌明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 GPR40介导游离脂肪酸刺激β细胞内[Ca2+]i升高和胰岛素分泌。     

槐定碱对小鼠巨噬细胞TLR4及JNK/c-jun mRNA表达的影响

目的观察槐定碱预处理对LPS刺激RAW 264.7巨噬细胞表达TLR4、JNK和c-jun mRNA及分泌TNF-α的影响,探讨槐定碱抗内毒素机制。方法培养RAW 264.7巨噬细胞,实验分为4组：空白对照组、槐定碱对照组、LPS组、槐定碱预处理组,用RT-PCR技术检测RAW 264.7细胞TLR4、JNK和c-jun的mR-NA表达量,放免法检测细胞培养液TNF-α分泌量。结果槐定碱对RAW 264.7巨噬细胞TLR4、JNK、c-jun的mRNA及细胞培养液中TNF-α基础表达无影响,但对经LPS激活的巨噬细胞的TLR4、JNK mRNA表达有显著抑制作用（均P〈0.01）,c-jun mRNA表达亦降低,但与LPS模型组比较差异尚无统计学意义。槐定碱预处理组细胞液中TNF-α含量显著低于LPS模型组（P〈0.01）。结论槐定碱抗内毒素机制与其抑制LPS引起的TLR4、JNK的mRNA高表达,并减少TNF-α分泌有关。     

槐定碱对小鼠巨噬细胞TLR4及JNK/c-jun mRNA表达的影响

目的观察槐定碱预处理对LPS刺激RAW 264.7巨噬细胞表达TLR4、JNK和c-jun mRNA及分泌TNF-α的影响,探讨槐定碱抗内毒素机制。方法培养RAW 264.7巨噬细胞,实验分为4组:空白对照组、槐定碱对照组、LPS组、槐定碱预处理组,用RT-PCR技术检测RAW 264.7细胞TLR4、JNK和c-jun的mR-NA表达量,放免法检测细胞培养液TNF-α分泌量。结果槐定碱对RAW 264.7巨噬细胞TLR4、JNK、c-jun的mRNA及细胞培养液中TNF-α基础表达无影响,但对经LPS激活的巨噬细胞的TLR4、JNK mRNA表达有显著抑制作用(均P<0.01),c-jun mRNA表达亦降低,但与LPS模型组比较差异尚无统计学意义。槐定碱预处理组细胞液中TNF-α含量显著低于LPS模型组(P<0.01)。结论槐定碱抗内毒素机制与其抑制LPS引起的TLR4、JNK的mRNA高表达,并减少TNF-α分泌有关。     

针对Toll样受体4基因的小发夹结构RNA对RAW264.7细胞炎症因子分泌的抑制作用

目的构建针对Toll样受体(TLR)4 mRNA的小发夹结构RNA(shRNA)真核表达载体pEGFP-siRNA/TLR4,检测该shRNA诱导的RNA干扰(RNAi)对脂多糖刺激RAW264.7细胞分泌炎症因子的抑制作用,以探讨针对TLR4基因的RNAi对RAW264.7细胞炎症反应的抑制作用.方法构建携带增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)及shRNA克隆位点的质粒pEGFP-H1/siRNA,运用网络工具siRNA Wizard(http//www.simawizard.com/)设计针对TLR4 mRNA的寡核苷酸片段.将其克隆入pEGFP-H1/siRNA,构建表达EGFP及TLR4-shRNA的真核表达质粒pEGFP-H1/TLR4-siRNA.运用脂质体转染技术将pEGFP-H1/TLR4-siRNA转染至培养的小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW264.7,观察细胞系中荧光蛋白的表达强度;再运用脂多糖刺激转染的RAW264.7细胞,运用ELISA方法检测该细胞系分泌炎症因子水平的变化.结果质粒pEGFP-H1/siRNA及pEGFP-H1/TLR4-siRNA分别用Bbs Ⅰ和MluⅠ酶切电泳后,前者出现4.9 kb和340 bp的的条带,后者出现5.0 kb和220 bp的条带,与实验设计的质粒长度一致,且测序证实克隆序列正确.将pEGFP-H1/TLR4-siRNA转染至RAW264.7细胞后,EGFP的表达率为50%±8%.用脂多糖刺激后,TLR4-SiRNA转染组细胞培养液TNF-α水平(2 h825 pg/ml±136 pg/ml;8 h2190 pg/ml±359 pg/ml)明显低于对照siRNA转染组(2 h1179 pg/ml±240 pg/ml;8 h4720 pg/ml±227 pg/ml,均P＜0.01).结论针对TLR4 mRNA的shRNA可能通过RNAi机制对脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎症因子的分泌有明显的抑制作用.     

干扰和过表达热休克转录因子2对肠上皮细胞炎症的影响

【摘要】 目的 通过脂质体法干扰和过表达肠上皮细胞的热休克转录因子2（heat shock factor 2,HSF2）,探讨其对肠上皮细胞炎症反应的影响和涉及的信号通路,为溃疡性结肠炎发病机制及诊治靶点提供线索。方法 选取结肠肿瘤上皮细胞Caco 2作为研究材料,采用脂质体法分别转染HSF2 siRNA和pCMV HSF2 FLAG重组质粒,四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法检测转染前后细胞生理特性的变化;并用脂多糖（LPS）刺激转染组及对照组细胞,Griess Reagent System 测定各组细胞的NO浓度;RT PCR检测细胞炎性酶iNOS、COX 2,炎症因子TNF α、IL 8mRNA转录水平;ELISA检测细胞培养基中TNF α、IL 8含量;Western Blot检测COX 2、IκB、NF κB p65蛋白水平,以及 ERK1/2、JNK和p38磷酸化水平。结果 MTT法检测结果显示,脂质体法转染入siRNA或重组质粒对细胞活性无显著影响;干扰HSF2后,LPS刺激Caco 2产生iNOS、COX 2、TNF α及IL 8,在mRNA和蛋白水平均较对照组表达上调（P＜0.05）,这一过程中信号通路IκB表达降低,而NF κB p65表达升高,MAPK中ERK1/2磷酸化水平降低,而JNK和p38则呈增强趋势。转染入重组质粒过表达HSF2后,结果则相反。结论 HSF2通过增强ERK1/2蛋白磷酸化水平,抑制JNK、P38及NF κB表达,能有效抑制LPS引起Caco 2细胞的炎性酶及炎性因子的表达,在炎症反应中起保护性作用,对研究溃疡性结肠炎的发病机制提供线索,可能成为其治疗新的靶点。     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

A preliminary screening study on the associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technologies

Objective：To investigate the optimum screening conditions of associated proteins in human psoriasis vulgaris by serum proteomics technique, and to screen the different expression proteins related with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods：Serum samples of peripheral blood were collected from newly diagnosed psoriasis vulgaris patients in the clinic, and 20 matched healthy persons. Serum albumin IgG was removed by filtering with ProteoExtract Albumin/IgG. After comparative proteomics analysis the different protein spots were identified using 2-DE and MS. Results ：Electrophoresis figures with high resolution and reproducibility were obtained. Three different expression proteins were found only in the serum from psoriasis vulgaris patients, while nine other different proteins expressing from healthy volunteers. Conclusion：The protein expression was different in the serum between the psoriasis vulgaris patients and healthy volunteers. It was hoped that we could find the biomarkers related to psoriasis vulgaris by using proteomics.     

A CASE OF HUGE GASTRIC DISOPYROBEZOAR

PYTOBEZOARS are common bezoars in gastrontestinal tract, commonly seen in stomach and mall intestine,1but huge disopyrobezoars are     

Acupuncture Treatment of Chest Bi Syndrome

CASE HISTORY A male,a retired officer of 61 years old,paid his first visit on May 12,2006.The patient stated that 2 weeks before he suddenly got paroxysmal precordial choking pain,with irregular attacks.Each attack would last several seconds to several minutes.The attack was accompanied with heavy oppressed sensation in the precordial region,palpitation,lassitude,and in severe cases,sweating,which was once diagnosed by a hospital as'coronary heart disease'.Recalling the case history,the patient said that several days before he got angry with others because of some affairs in work,and he was not so used to the life pattern since he had just retired from his busy working post.At usual times,he was quick tempered and peevish.In recent days,he had poor appetite,and loose stool.     

Instructions to Contributors

The English edition of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine is edited and published by the Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press.Original scientific papers of advanced clinical and experimental medicine in the field of complementary/alternative medicine or integrative medicine are expected.