维生素B2作为光敏剂灭活病毒的实验研究

目的探讨维生素B2工作浓度及紫外光强度对维生素B2光化学法灭活病毒效果的影响。方法将滴度为7．25 lg TCID50的水泡性口腔炎病毒（VSV）悬液置于聚氯乙烯（PVC）血袋中,加入不同浓度维生素B2溶液结合不同强度紫外光（λ：250-350nm）照射,处理后的维生素B2和病毒悬液混合物接种于Hep-2细胞单层,测定病毒滴度,观察维生素B2光化学法对VSV的灭活效果。结果工作浓度为300μmol／L的维生素B2结合强度为1920μW／cm^2紫外光照射10min,即可将滴度为7．25 lg TCID50的VSV灭活至〈0．50 lg TCID50。结论维生素B2结合紫外光照射可以有效灭活VSV。     

亚甲基蓝光化学法对全血中人免疫缺陷Ⅰ型病毒的灭活研究

目的观察不同浓度的亚甲基蓝(methylene blue,MB)与可见光联合作用对全血中人免疫缺陷Ⅰ型病毒(HIV-1)的灭活能力.方法以HIV-1为试验病毒,通过MB与可见光(640 nm)单独及联合作用于含病毒的模拟全血,采用MT4细胞感染法评价病毒的灭活效果.结果当全血中MB含量分别为5、l0、15 μnol/L时,以40000 Lux强度的可见光分别照射30、20、10 min,可完全杀灭试验滴度为105.78TCID50HIV-1病毒.结论亚甲基蓝光化学法可高效灭活全血中HIV-1病毒.     

光化学法病毒灭活的模型病毒培养与滴定方法的建立

目的建立Sindbis和伪狂犬病毒的培养与滴定方法.方法以Vero细胞为病毒传代及滴度滴定指示细胞,Karher氏法计算滴定结果.结果 Sindbis病毒感染的Vero细胞以圆缩、脱落为主;伪狂犬病毒感染的Vero细胞以变圆、形成折光性强的合胞体为主,病变细胞晚期脱落.Sindbis病毒第一次滴定TCID50＞11,第二次滴度TCID50为9.5;伪狂犬病毒第一次滴定TCID50＞11,第二次滴定TCID50为7.2.结论 Vero细胞对两种模型病毒均较敏感,适合用于此两种病毒的培养与滴定.该方法的建立为光化学法灭活血小板中病毒的研究奠定基础.     

光照与核黄素浓度对核黄素光动力灭活病原体效果的研究

目的 探究不同光照时间条件下核黄素灭活病原体效果的影响。方法 采用含水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)血浆分4组，分别添加核黄素浓度致终浓度为50、100、150μmol/L,0μmol/L为对照组。观察其在10、15、20、25 min的生长滴度，不进行光照的为对照组。用Reed-Muench法计算灭活前后培养后生长滴度，通过灭活后log减少因子评价不同浓度核黄素对灭活效果的影响。结果 在无光照的条件下添加核黄素无病原体灭活效果，随着光照时间从15 min增加到25 min,无核黄素组VSV灭活效果增加；当光照小于15 min时，50～150μmol/L核黄素VSV灭活效果差异无统计学意义；当光照时间为15～25 min时，添加核黄素后VSV灭活效果增强，但不同浓度核黄素组间差异无统计学意义。结论 在25 min内核黄素病原体灭活效果随光照时间的增加灭活效果越好，与核黄素浓度影响较小。     

茶树油灭活脊髓灰质炎病毒的试验观察

目的　观察茶树油 (teatreeoil,TTO)对脊髓灰质炎病毒 (poliovirus ,PV)的杀灭效果 ,了解TTO对病毒的灭活能力。方法　根据消毒技术规范指定的方法 ,采用细胞感染试验测定病毒与各浓度TTO溶液作用前后感染细胞的滴度。结果　 0 .5 %TTO作用 40min和 60min能分别灭活PV 4.3 3log10和 5 .5log10 ;1.0 %TTO作用 40min和 60min能灭活PV 5 .3 3log10和 5 .5log10。结论　TTO对悬液中的PV有明显的杀灭作用。     

核黄素光化学法灭活乙肝病毒的初步探讨

目的研究核黄素光化学法对乙肝病毒的灭活效果。方法随机选择慢性乙型肝炎患者15例,抽取其静脉血并使用核黄素光化学法进行病毒灭活,评价灭活效果;检测灭活前后红细胞功能。结果以1600μmol/L核黄素灭活2 h,HBV DNA拷贝数明显减少(P<0.05);灭活后红细胞Na+K+-ATPase有所降低,丙二醛(MDA)明显增高(P<0.05),而2,3-二磷酸甘油酸(2,3-DPG)、游离血红蛋白(FHb)、渗透脆性等无明显变化。结论核黄素光化学法能部分灭活血液中乙肝病毒,对红细胞功能无明显影响。     

亚甲蓝光化学法对血浆中水疱口膜炎病毒灭活效果的研究

目的 评价亚甲蓝光化学法(MBP)对血浆中水疱口膜炎病毒(VSV)的灭活效果.方法 将7.12 logTCID50·mL-1 VSV加入血浆中,采用不同的参数组合[亚甲蓝(MB)浓度(0.8、1.3 μmol·L-1)、光照强度(20 000、50 000 LUX)、光照时间(10、20、30 min)]灭活处理后,分别将样品加入非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero)单层细胞中培养,观察细胞病变(CPE)状况,评价病毒灭活的效果.结果 经过30 min灭活处理,可将病毒彻底灭活,病毒滴度下降6 log值以上.实验设置的MB浓度和光照强度对血浆病毒灭活的影响不明显.结论 在MB浓度为0.8 μmol·L-1和光照强度20 000 LUX的条件下,处理血浆30 min以上就能有效灭活血浆中的VSV病毒.     

甲醛灭活工艺对By型流感病毒的灭活效果及其抗原稳定性的影响

目的 评价终浓度为100μg/ml甲醛、2～8℃、10 d灭活工艺对2022年四价流感病毒裂解疫苗生产用By(B/Phuket/3073/2013/BVR-1B)病毒毒株灭活的适用性。方法 病毒收获液（鸡胚病毒培养产物）经过澄清过滤,控制蛋白浓度<800μg/ml,温度2～8℃,添加甲醛溶液至终浓度100μg/ml,对病毒收获液进行灭活。在灭活第0、1、2、3、4、5、10天取样,采用鸡胚半数感染剂量（median infective dose,EID50）法检测病毒滴度,采用Reed-Muench法计算lgEID50/ml;采用直接血凝法检测流感病毒血凝滴度;对灭活10 d的样品进行病毒灭活验证试验;灭活10 d后的病毒液经超滤、离心、层析等工艺提纯,取样进行透射电镜观察病毒颗粒完整性。结果 病毒收获液灭活第0、1、2、3、4、5、10天的病毒滴度分别为（8.5±0.4）、（4.2±0.5）、（1.3±0.4）、0、0、0、0 lgEID50/ml,血凝滴度结果均在1∶256～1∶512;病毒灭活验证试验显示,经过10 d的灭活,病毒均已全部灭活;透射电镜观察显示,所得的病毒均...     

交联淀粉碘颗粒及其灭活病毒效果观察

目的检测交联淀粉碘(CSI)对水溶液中病毒的灭活效果及影响因素,并观察消毒前后CSI的形态变化.方法以辛德比斯病毒(sindbis)和减毒的脊髓灰质炎病毒(polio)作为实验病毒,以不同浓度的血浆作为有机物加入剂,通过细胞感染试验观察CSI对病毒的杀灭效果;用扫描电镜观察CSI颗粒在水溶液中消毒处理前后的形态变化.结果 CSI对溶液中sindbis和polio的灭活效果基本相同.在D-hanks液中,当CSI的加入量为50～100 mg/ml, 作用30～60 min,病毒灭活达5～7 log TCID50, CSI对病毒的灭活效果随CSI含量和作用时间的增加呈现增强的趋势;CSI对含10%血浆水溶液和血浆中病毒的灭活达3～5 log TCID50;在电镜下,CSI为100 μm 左右直径的呈圆形和椭圆形颗粒,经灭活病毒处理后,CSI颗粒大小无显著变化,但表面光滑度增加.结论 CSI对不含有机物水溶液中的脂质包膜病毒和非脂质包膜病毒有良好的灭活作用,但其灭活病毒的效果明显受溶液中有机物浓度的影响;消毒处理前后CSI颗粒形态无明显变化.     

人巨细胞病毒蚀斑实验条件的优化及在抗病毒物质活性测定中的应用

目的探讨人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）的蚀斑形成实验最适工作条件,建立稳定易行的HCMV蚀斑技术,用于HC-MV的定量测定及体外抗病毒物质活性测定的研究。方法HCMV病毒悬液接种至人胚成纤维细胞（HF）单层,37℃吸附1h,分别用含0.463‰、0.925‰NaHCO3及0.5%、1%DMSO琼脂糖覆盖,1周后加盖第2层;2周后用0.5%结晶紫染色5min,计数、计算pfu/ml,采用PCR法对蚀斑培养物进行鉴定;分别用患者血清及HCMVAD169株兔免疫血清进行蚀斑抑制实验,计算中和抗体滴度;蚀斑减少实验测定不同浓度更昔洛韦（GCV）的抗HCMV活性。结果HCMV对照孔在5d出斑,蚀斑为圆形、实心、不透明状;两种浓度NaHCO3对蚀斑形成数量、大小有明显影响且病毒滴度差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。在含0.463‰NaHCO3培养孔内,出斑时间提前至3d;但不同浓度的DMSO对蚀斑数量、大小以及病毒滴度的影响差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。HCMV患者血清及HCMVAD169株兔免疫血清均可以抑制蚀斑形成。利用蚀斑减少实验测定GCV抗HCMV活性,可在7d内获得结果。结论HCMV蚀斑形成实验条件经优化后,可以方便稳定地对HCMV进行定量测定以及抗病毒活性物质的筛选和评价。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.