蛛网膜下腔注射多巴胺对尾核痛兴奋神经元的影响

用玻璃微电极记录大鼠丘脑尾核痛兴奋神经元(PEN)放电,观察蛛网膜下腔注射多巴胺(DA)对尾核PEN电活动的影响。结果表明:蛛网膜下腔注射DA可抑制尾核PEN的电活动,使其诱发放电频率减少,潜伏期延长。     

多巴胺对尾核痛反应神经元电活动的调制作用

本实验观察了28只大鼠尾核内微量注射多巴胺(DA)对同侧尾核痛兴奋神经元(PEN)和痛抑制神经元(PIN)电活动的影响。结果表明:多巴胺可使尾核 PEN 和 PIN 对伤害性刺激的反应增强,主要表现为 PEN 痛诱发放电增加和 PIN诱发抑制时程延长。这种作用可被腹腔注射 DA 受体阻断剂氟哌啶所阻断。推测尾核 DA 能系统机能活动增强可能具有抗镇痛作用。     

脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射GABA对大鼠丘脑束旁核痛反应神经元放电的影响

本文观察了脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射GABA对大鼠丘脑束旁核痛兴奋神经元(PEN)和痛抑制神经元(PIN)放电的影响并与脑室注射GABA的作用进行了比较。结果表明,脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射GABA可引起PEN诱发放电明显增加,潜伏期缩短;PIN抑制时程延长。脑室注射GABA对神经元放电的影响与脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射GABA所得结果相反。提示,GABA作用于中枢神经系统不同部位对痛觉的影响不同。     

外周痛敏物质对缰核痛相关神经元放电频率的影响

目的 :以缰核痛相关神经元放电频率变化为指标 ,观察腹腔注射前列腺素 E2 (PGE2 )对其的影响。方法 :采用细胞外放电记录技术及辐射热—甩尾法测痛。结果 :当腹腔注射 PGE2 后 ,可使缰核痛兴奋神经元 (PEN)的放电频率增加 ,痛抑制神经元 (PIN)的放电频率减少 ;用 6- OHDA损毁交感神经后 ,腹腔注射 PGE2 大鼠痛阈明显降低 ,与未损毁组相比无明显差别 (P>0 .0 5) ;给药后缰核有变化神经元的百分率明显低于未损毁组 (P<0 .0 5)。结论 :外周痛敏物质 (PGE2 )可影响缰核痛相关神经元的细胞外放电 ,交感神经参与了其中的调制作用     

电刺激黑质对大鼠尾核痛兴奋和痛抑制神经元放电的影响

本实验采用细胞外记录神经元单位放电的方法,在32只大鼠上观察了电刺激黑质对尾核痛兴奋神经元(Pain-excitation neurons,PEN)和痛抑制神经元(Pain-inhibition neurons,PIN)电活动的影响。结果表明,电刺激黑质致密部可使同侧尾核大多数 PEN 诱发放电增加和 PIN 诱发抑制时程延长。这一作用可被腹腔注射氟哌啶所阻断。提示黑质致密部的多巴胺(DA)能神经元通过其轴突末梢释放 DA 影响尾核 PEN 和 PIN 的电活动而参与了中枢对痛党的整合过程。     

大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射γ—氨基丁酸对尾核痛反应神经元电活动的影响

实验用34只大鼠。向脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)200ug/20μl,用玻璃微电极记录尾核痛反应神经元放电。结果表明,注射GABA可使尾核痛兴奋神经元放电增加,痛抑制神经元放电减少,抑制时程延长。GABA的上述作用可被腹腔注射印防已毒素(Picrotoxin)所阻断。提示GABA在脊髓内具有明显抗镇痛作用。     

阿托品对大鼠蓝斑核痛反应神经元电活动的影响

目的 研究侧脑室注射乙酰胆碱(ACh)对正常大鼠蓝斑核(LC)痛反应神经元放电的影响.方法 以电脉冲刺激坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,用玻璃微电极引导LC中痛反应神经元的电变化.结果 ①侧脑室注入ACh能使大鼠LC中痛兴奋神经元(PEN)痛诱发放电频率增加、潜伏期缩短;痛抑制神经元(PIN)痛诱发放电频率减少、完全抑制时程延长;②侧脑室注入ACh 的M受体拮抗剂阿托品能够阻断ACh的上述效应.结论 ①外源性ACh可使正常大鼠LC中痛反应神经元对伤害性刺激的反应增强,表现为致痛效应;② ACh的这种致痛作用主要是通过M受体介导的.该结果揭示,ACh和LC在痛觉调制中具有非常重要的作用.     

α 受体在大鼠丘脑束旁核痛兴奋神经元电活动中的作用

目的：研究α肾上腺素受体在大鼠丘脑束旁核痛兴奋神经元电活动中的作用。方法：以电脉冲刺激右侧坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,用玻璃微电极细胞外记录神经元的放电。结果：束旁核核团内注射α受体激动剂去甲肾上腺素（Norepinephrine,NE）（0．5μg／0．5μ1）可使痛兴奋神经元（PEN）放电频率的净增值减少,潜伏期延长;同法,束旁核内注入α受体阻断剂酚妥拉明,痛兴奋神经元（PEN）放电频率的净增值增加,潜伏期缩短。结论：大鼠丘脑束旁核肾上腺素能α受体在痛兴奋神经元电活动中发挥作用,影响伤害性信息中枢传递过程。     

几类中枢递质在镇痛中的作用及其机理分析

用两根玻璃微电极同时记录大鼠脑不同部位中痛兴奋神经元(PEN)和痛抑制神经元(PIN)的放电,系统、深入地研究脑室、蛛网膜下腔或核团内注射乙酰胆碱(Ach)、单胺类递质(DA、NE、5-HT)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)等神经递质及其相应的拮抗剂对脑不同部位中PEN和PIN电活动的影响。实验结果证明:(1)脑室注射Ach不仅使丘脑两侧束旁核或一侧束旁核和中脑网状结构中PEN的放电减少,潜伏期延长;同时还使PIN的抑制时程缩短,放电增加,两者的电活动相互配合,呈现出     

谷氨酸及MK-801对大鼠伏核痛兴奋神经元电活动的影响

目的 研究谷氨酸(Glu)及其NMDA受体拮抗剂5-甲基二氢丙环庚烯亚胺马来酸(MK-801)对大鼠伏核(NAc)痛兴奋神经元(PEN)痛诱发放电反应的影响。方法 电刺激坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激，通过玻璃微电极记录NAc内PEN放电。结果 伤害性刺激可使NAc内PEN电活动增加；脑室注入Glu可使NAc内PEN痛诱发放电频率增加；NAc内注入MK-801可阻断脑室注入Glu引起的NAc内PEN诱发活动加强的作用。结论 脑室注入G1u可使大鼠NAc内PEN对伤害性刺激的反应加强，NMDA受体参与介导这种疼痛易化的作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…