The Effect of Zhu Yu Hua Tan Tang on Intracranial Pressure in Case of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage

The therapeutic effect of Zhu Yu Hua Tan Tang ([symbol: see text] Decoction for removing blood stasis and resolving phlegm) plus general and modern treatment on acute cerebral hemorrhage in 44 cases, and the pressure-lowering effect of Zhu Yu Hua Tan Tang and mannitol in 20 cases of acute cerebral hemorrhage in the basilar region, and in rabbits with experimental encephaledema induced by injection of olive oil into the common carotid artery were observed in this study. The results showed that Zhu Yu Hua Tan Tang plus general treatment can better improved the conscious state of the patients than western medicine, and it can make the intracranial pressure drop clinically by 40.44%. The intracranial pressure-lowering effect of Zhu Yu Hua Tan Tang, though slow, is smooth and long-lasting without any rebound phenomenon, as compared to those of mannitol. Similar results were found in animal experiments, but the intracranial pressure-lowering amplitude of Zhu Yu Hua Tan Tang was stronger than that of mannitol. The difference between the clinical and experimental results needs to be further studied.     

Analysis on Serum Lipoprotein （a） Levels and its Changes in Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

ＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｎＳｅｒｕｍＬｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ（ａ）ＬｅｖｅｌｓａｎｄｉｔｓＣｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎＰａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈＡｃｕｔｅＣｅｒｅｂｒａｌＩｎｆａｒｃｔｉｏｎ￥ＺｈａｎｇＹｉｎａｄｏｎｇ；（张颖冬）ＬｉｕＸｉｍｉｎ；（刘锡民），ＣａｉＺｈ...     

Effects of Minimally Invasive Puncture and Drainage of Intracranial Hematoma on the Blood-brain Barrier in Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage

The effects of minimally invasive surgery on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of 30 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were investigated. Difference of the BBB index and serum MBP concentra-tion were assessed in 15 cases of conservative treatment group and 15 cases of minimally invasive surgery group. The BBB index in minimally invasive surgery group was significantly lower than in conservative treatment group (P<0.05), and the BBB index in the two treatment groups was signifi-cantly higher than in control group (P<0.01). Serum MBP concentration in minimally invasive sur-gery group was significantly lower than in conservative treatment group (P<0.05), and that in the two treatment groups was significantly higher than in control group (P<0.01). It was suggested the per-meability of BBB in patients with cerebral hemorrhage was increased, and BBB index and serum MBP concentration in patients with cerebral hemorrhage were increased. Minimally invasive surgery can reduce the lesion of cytotoxicity to BBB and cerebral edema.     

Effect of Qingre Quyu Granule (清热祛瘀颗粒) on stabilizing plaques in the brachiocephalic artery of apolipoprotein E deficient mice

Objective： To investigate the effect of Qingre Quyu Granule （清热祛瘀颗粒, QRQYG） on stabilizing vulnerable plaques in apolipoprotein E （ApoE） defficient mice. Methods： Seventy-two male ApoE defficient mice were given a high-fat diet from 6 weeks of age. At the 16th week, all the mice were randomized into 3 groups： the QRQYG group, the simvastatin group, and the control group. Sixteen weeks after administration of 0.9 g/kg QRQYG, 3 mg/kg simvastatin or 10 mg/kg sodium chloride per day to the respective groups, the animals were euthanized. The pathological morphologic changes in the vulnerable plaques were evaluated, the matrix metalloprotease-9 （MMP-9） expression was measured by immunohistofluorescence, the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 （ICAM-1） was determined by ELISA, the nuclear factor kappaB （NF-κB） subunit p65 was measured by quantitative RT-PCR, and, finally, thrombospondin-1 （TSP-1） was determined by the immunohistochemical method. Results： The plaque cross-sectional area in the brachiocephalic artery （23.7%, P0.01）, the lipid core of the plaque （43.1%±3.1%）, and the number of buried ？brotic caps of the plaque were significantly decreased in the QRQYG group compared to the control group （both P0.01）; furthermore, the thickness of the ？brotic cap of the plaque increased and the intra-plaque hemorrhage of the plaque decreased. The serum soluble ICAM-1 （27.1±5.1 μg/mL）, the protein expression of MMP-9 and TSP-1 and the p65 mRNA expression increased in the QRQYG group in comparison with the control group （P0.05 or P0.01）. Conclusion： QRQYG could stabilize the vulnerable plaque through inhibition of the inflammatory response.     

Effect of Xuesaitong Soft Capsule(血塞通软胶囊)on Hemorrheology and in Auxiliarily Treating Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of Xuesaitong soft capsule(血塞通软胶囊,XST)and its effect on platelet counts, coagulation factor 1 (CF1) as well as hemorrheologic indexes in treating patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods: Two hundred and four patients with ACI were assigned into two groups, the control group ( n = 96) and the treated group ( n = 108). They were all treated with conventional Western medicines, including mannitol, troxerutin, citicoline, piracetam and aspirin, while to the treated group, XST was given additionally through oral intake, twice a day, 2 capsules each time for 8successive weeks. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the nerve function deficits scoring and the changes of platelet count. CF1 and hemorrhe.ological indexes were measured before and after treatment. Results: The total effective rate was 87.0% in the treated group, and 87.5% in the control group, respectively, showing insignificant difference between them. But the markedly effective rate in the treated group (66.7%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (27.1%, P＜0.01). The count of platelet was not changed significantly in both groups after treatment, while CF1 inthem evidently lowered at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks of treatment, but showed insignificant difference between the two groups. The hematocrit, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity in both groups were all improved significantly after treatment, but also showed insignificant difference in comparison of the two groups. Conclusion: XST has good efficacy in auxiliary treatment of patients with ACI, though its mechanism remains to be further explored.     

Clinical Observation on Effect of Yangxue Qingnao Granule(养血清脑颗粒剂)in Treating Patients with Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Objective:To observe the efficacy of Yangxue Qingnao granule (YXQNG,养血清脑颗粒剂) in treating cerebral arteriosclerosis and to explore its mechanisms. Methods: One hundred and sixty-seven patients with arteriosclerosis were randomly divided into the treated group treated with conventional medical treatment plus YXQNG and the control group treated with conventional medical treatment alone, to observe the changes before and after treatment in scores of chief symptoms, mean velocity of cerebral blood flow (VM), plasma nitric oxide (NO), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and endothelin (ET) levels. Results: (1)After treatment in the treated group, the scores of chief symptoms such as vertigo, headache and tinnitus were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01) ; (2) NO and CGRP level in the treated group after treatment obviously elevated, and ET and VM markedly reduced ( P < 0. 01), while no evident change of these parameters was found in the control group (P<0. 01). C     

Effect of Yiqi Bushen Granule (益气补肾颗粒) on the Peripheral Natural Killer Cell and γ δ T-cell in the Patients with Minimal Residual Leukemia

Objective: To analyze the changes in peripheral natural killer T-cells (NKT) and gammadelta T-cells (γδT-cell) in patients with minimal residual leukemia (MRL) before and after being treated with Yiqi Bushen Granule (益气补肾颗粒, YBG) in order to determine their significance in prognosis of the disease. Methods: Before and after treatment, the changes in 36 patients (16 males and 20 females) receiving long-term (more than 3 months) YBG therapy were analyzed using multi-parameter flow cytometry, with 34 healthy persons (19 males and 15 females) acting as controls. Results: The absolute value and percentage of NKT cells and γδT-cells were all significantly raised after treatment, for NKT cells, 0.52%±0.39% to 0.83%±0.66% and 7.25±7.77 cell/μL to 12.86±11.99 cell/μL, for γδT-cells, 6.08%±3.03% to 7.24%±2.78% and 83.97±48.09 cell/μL to 110.53±54.12 cell/μL, respectively (P0.05 or P0.01). Conclusion: YBG could regulate the immune function and elevate the amount of NKT cells and γδT-cells, thus to kill or suppress the residual leukemic cell in the body, which might be one of the mechanisms of YBG in prolonging the disease-free survival in MRL patients.     

Effect of Lidan Granule (利胆冲剂) on bile lithogenesis in patients with choledocholithiasis combined with cholecystolithiasis

ABSTRACT Objective： To observe the effect of Lidan Granule （利胆冲剂, LDG） on bile lithogenic tendency and biliary 33.5 kd vesicular protein （VP） and to explore its mechanism. Methods： Sixty patients with choledocholithiasis combined with cholecystolithiasis were randomly assigned to the LDG treated group, the sodium cholate treated group for positive control, and the untreated control group, 20 patients in each group. The 4 bile lithogenic trend indexes, including lithogenic index （LI）, unconjugated bilirubin percent （UCB%）, unconjugated bilirubin saturation index （BSI） and Z-value, were determined before and after treatment. The content of VP in bile was determined as well. Results： Before treatment, the LI, UCB%, BSI and Z-value in the LDG treated group were 1.298 ± 0.265, 34.72 ± 2.96, 0.353± 0.093 and 0.556 ± 0.499, respectively, which was decreased after the 2-week treatment to 0.926± 0.208, 8.93± 1.19, 0.154 ± 0.056 and 0.257± 0.211, respectively （all P〈0.05）. Meantime, the content of VP was also lowered from 0.050 ± 0.005 g/L to 0.032 ± 0.005 g/L. However, no significant change in any of the above-mentioned indexes was found in the other two groups. Conclusion： LDG could effectively suppress bile lithogenic trend and reduce 33.5 kd VP in bile.     

Effect of Erzhi Pill (二至丸) on Improving Cerebral Nerve Cell Apoptosis in Aging Rats

Objective: To investigate the effects of Erzhi Pill (二至丸,,EZP) on nerve cell apoptosis iinn senescence model rats.Methods: The rats model of senescence was established by peritoneal D-galactose injection combined with thymusectomy.Forty SD rats were randomized into four groups,the normal control group,the senescence model group,the EZP treated group,and the vitamins treated group,10 in each group.The rats were made into senescence model except those in the normal group.In the same time of D-galactose injection,the rats were treated respectively with distilled water,EZP 4.32 g/kg,and vitamins E and C 0.06 g/kg daily for 6 weeks via intragastric infusion.The index of main viscera (as brain,testis,etc.),serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,and total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC) were measured after a 6-week treatment.Meanwhile,the cerebral cortex neuronal apoptosis proportion and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by flow cytometry.Results: Both EZP and vitamins E and C treatments showed effects on increasing testis index and serum level of T-AOC,reducing the percentage of neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex,and elevating MMP in the aging rats model.Conclusions: EZP could inhibit the cerebral cortex neuron apoptosis and maintain the mitochondrial function in the senescent process of rats induced by peritoneal D-galactose injection combined with thymusectomy.It also shows antioxidation effect to some extents.     

A Correlative Study on Serum Lp(a) in Patients of CerebralInfarction with that in their Children

Serum lipoprotein(a){Lp(a)}level is genetically determined and remains almost constant throughout life.Its elevation has significant familiar centripetal tendency.Based on its properties,we selected the patients with cerebral infarction(CI)and definite family history of the disease and their children for the assay of serum Lp(a)level and investigated the correlation of the level in parental to that in filial generation and its clinical significance.     

Clinical Effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Granule (扶正解毒颗粒) on Serum NO,NOS and Microelements in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease in Long-term Contact with Nickel

Objective: To study the clinical effect of Fuzheng Jiedu granule (扶正解毒颗粒, FJG) and its influence on serum nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and rnicroelements in patients with coronary heart disease who are in long-term contact with nickel. Methods: Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups, the treated group and the control group, 30 in each group. Conventional Western medicinal treatment was applied to both groups, but to the treated group, FJG was given additionally by oral intake, and the therapeutic course for both groups was 4 weeks. Besides, a health control group was set up with 15 healthy subjects selected from the same area, who had no history of contact with nickel. Clinical symptoms of the patients and changes in their electrocardiogram (ECG) and serum levels of NO, NOS and microelements were observed before and after treatment. Results: The total effective rate on clinical symptoms in the treated group was 93.3% and that in the control group 63.3%, comparison between the two showing significant difference (P＜0. 05); the total effective rate on ECG in the two groups was 90.0% and 56.7% respectively, which also showed significant difference ( P＜0. 05). After treatment, levels of serum NO, NOS, Mg, Zn and Ca increased and those of Ni, Mn and Fe decreased significantly ( P＜0. 05 or P＜0.01) in the treated group, while in the control group, changes in these laboratory indexes were insignificant. Conclusion: FJG could lower the blood nickel level and regulate the unbalance of microelements, help restore serum NO and NOS in persons exposed to nickel and improve the clinical symptoms of patients with coronary heart disease and in long-term contact with nickel.     

A Correlative Study on Serum Lp(a) in Patients of Cerebral Infarction with thatin Their Childre

Serumlipoprotein(a){Lp(a)}levelisgeneticallydeterminedandremainsalmostconstantthroughoutlife.Itselevationhassignificantfamiliarcentripetaltendency.Basedonitsproperties,weselectedthepatientswithcerebralinfarction(CI)anddefinitefamilyhistoryofthediseas...     

Effects of Biejia Ruangan Tablet(复方鳖甲软肝片)-Containing Serum on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Expression in Cultured Renal Interstitial Fibroblasts

Objective:To investigate the effects of Biejia Ruangan Tablet(复方鳖甲软肝片方,BRT)- containing serum on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP-1) in cultured renal interstitial fibroblasts.Methods:Different BRT-containing sera were prepared by gastric gavages to rats with the high-dose(7 g/kg),mid-dose(3.5 g/kg),and low-dose(1.75 g/kg)BRT respectively.The expression of extracellular matrix in NRK-49 F cells was induced by treatment with human transforming growth factor-β1(recombined human TGF-β1),and BRT-containing serum.Western blotting and Northern blotting were used to measure type Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen,MMP-9,and TIMP-1.Results:The high dose BRT-containing serum could decrease the type Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen gene expression which boosted by TGF- β1,at the same time cut down TIMP-1 protein and gene expression which increased by TGF- β1(P0.05).Treatment of cells with recombined human TGF- β 1 had no significant effect on MMP-9 expression and BRTcontaining serum also had no effect on MMP-9 expression.Conclusions:High dose BRT has anti-fibrosis effects in NRK-49 F cells,as indicated by its inhibition of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ procollagen and TIMP-1 expression.     

Clinical Observation on Effect of Shuanghuang Shengbai Granule (双黄升白冲剂) on Chemotherapy Induced Myelosuppression in Tumor Patients and on Ultrastructure of Bone Marrow in Mice

ＴｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅｈａｓｓｈｏｗｎｔｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃａｎｄｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｖｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｎｍｙｅｌｏｓｕｐ ｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｃｈｅｍｏｔｈｅｒａｐｙ,ｂｕｔｉｔｗａｓｏｆｔｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｐｒｉｍａｒｉｌｙｔｒｅａｔｅｄｃａｓｅｓｏｒｃａｓｅｓｗｉｔｈｍｉｌｄｍｙｅｌｏｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ．Ｔｏ ｐｒｅｐａｒｅａＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｈｅｒｂａｌｄｒｕｇｗｉｔｈｌｅｕｋｏｃｙｔｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈｒａｔ…     

Effect of Weikangfu Granule (胃康复冲剂) on the Physiopathologic Figure of Precancerosis of Gastric Mucosa in Patients of Chronic Gastritis with Pi-Deficiency Syndrome

Objective: To study the physiopathologic basis of Weikangfu Granule ( 胃康复冲剂, WKFG)in treating precancerosis of gastric mucosa in patients of chronic gastritis with Pi-deficiency syndrome (CG-PDS). Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients of CG-PDS who suffered from intestinal metaplasia (IM)and atypical hyperplasia (ATHP) of gastric mucosa, were divided into two groups. The treated group (n =61 ) was treated by WKFG with its ingredients modified according to the syndrome type of patients. The constructural changes were detected by optical microscope, screening electronic microscope, transmission electronic microscope and histochemical staining; the nuclear and mitochondrial ultrastructure of gastric mucosa were analyzed with energy dispersion X-ray analyser and image analysis system. And the changes of cAMP,lipid peroxide (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) before and after treatment in the treated group were measured and compared with those of the health control group consisting of 15 volunteers. Results: The symptomatic and pathological therapeutic effect in the treated group were significantly superior to those in the control group (P＜0.05). The contents of Zn, Cu, cAMP, SOD and 3H-TdR LCT in gastric mucosa of the treated group before treatment were all lower than those of the healthy control group, yet all these indexes markedly increased after treatment, while serum LPO level, which increased before treatment was lowered after treatment. All the changes showed statistical significance (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Conclusion: WKFG can reverse IM and ATHP in patients of CG-PDS, and the effect may be realized by way of increasing the level of Zn, Cu, cAMP and SOD in gastric mucosa, promoting cell differentiation, enhancing cellular immunity and reducing oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation.     

Effect of Compound Zhebei Granule(复方浙贝颗粒)Combined with Chemotherapy on Surface Markers of Leukemia Stem Cell in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Objective: To observe the effects of Compound Zhebei Granule(复方浙贝颗粒, CZBG) combined with chemotherapy on surface markers of leukemia stem cell(LSC) in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML). Methods: Seventy-eight patients with AML received bone marrow aspiration and the percentages of CD34~+CD123~+ and CD33~+CD123~+ cells were tested using flow cytometry method. A total of 24 refractory or relapsed AML patients were enrolled and treated with one cycle of standard chemotherapy combined with CZBG. Bone marrow samples were obtained before and after treatment, and the percentages of CD34~+CD123~+ and CD33~+CD123~+ cells were examined by flow cytometry. Results: Compared with refractory or relapsed AML patients, patients achieved remission had a significant lower percentage of CD34~+CD123~+ cells(P0.01) and CD33~+CD123~+ cells(P0.01), indicating that controlling the LSC percentage may be important for patients with AML to achieve sustainable remission. Compared with those before treatment, the expression levels of CD34~+CD123~+ were significantly decreased after CZBG combined with chemotherapy treatment(P0.01). The percentages of CD34~+CD123~+ cells and CD33~+CD123~+ in patients achieving complete remission after CZBG combined with chemotherapy treatment were both significantly lower than those in patients with nonremission(P0.01). Conclusion: CZBG combining chemotherapy could reduce the percentages of CD34~+CD123~+ and CD33~+CD123~+ LSC, which might improve the clinical efficacy of refractory or relapsed AML.     

Effect of Xuezhikang Capsule(血脂康胶囊)on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-αand Interleukin-6 in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hyperlipidemia

<正>Objective:To evaluate the effect of Xuezhikang Capsule(血脂康胶囊) on the serum levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and hyperlipidemia,and to explore whether it has anti-inflammatory effect.Methods:A total of 84 patients were randomly assigned to two groups with stratified block randomization, the treatment group(42 cases) and the control group(42 cases).They were treated with Xuezhikang Capsule and polyene phosphatidylcholine capsule for twenty-four weeks,respectively.The changes in serum TNF-αand IL-6 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before treatment and at the 12th and 24th week. Results:Compared with those before treatment,the serum levels of TNF-αand IL-6 significantly decreased in both groups after treatment(P0.01).There was no significant change between the two groups for the treatments at different time points(P0.05) and between the two groups for treatments at the same time points (P0.05).Conclusion:Xuezhikang Capsule can inhibit the serum inflammatory factor in patients with NAFLD and hyperlipidemia.     

Effect of Xiaoke Granule(消渴冲剂) on Blood Sugar and Blood Rheological Property in Experimental Diabetic Animals

ＸｉａｏｋｅＧｒａｎｕｌｅ（ＸＫＧ，消渴冲剂），ａＣｈｉ ｎｅｓｅｈｅｒｂａｌｐｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｓｕｐｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｉｎｇＱｉ，ｒｅｐｌｅｎｉｓｈｉｎｇＹｉｎ，ａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｎｇｂｌｏｏｄｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎ，ａｎｄｒｅｍｏｖｉｎｇｂｌｏｏｄ     

Effect of Shengmal Powder(生脉散) on Symptoms and Markers of Inflammatory Damage of Patients with Acute Viral Myocarditis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Sheng-mai Power (SMP) in treating acute viral myocarditis. Methods: 102 patients with acute viral myocarditis were randomized to SMS group (n = 52) and placebo control group (n = 50 ). Semiquantitative integral methods were taken to observe changes of clinical symptoms such as dyspnea, palpitation and chest pain after 4 weeks of treatment, simultaneously EKG, 24h Holter, concentration of serum cardiac troponin-I, cardiac troponin T and neutralizing antibody test to the Coxsackie B virus were determined. Results: Dyspnea improved much more obvious in SMP group than in the placebo