冠心病心绞痛痰瘀伏邪证候要素研究

证候要素辨证是近年来中医学界研究较多的一种模式,系通过对“证候”的辨识而确定疾病的病位和病性,是构成“证型名”的基本要素,更是辨证的核心与关键.研究发现,冠心病心绞痛痰瘀伏邪证候要素的分类及比例具有一定特征;冠心病心绞痛痰瘀伏邪证候要素对应证型的组合具有一定规律;冠心病心绞痛痰瘀伏邪证候要素存在地区的差异性.     

辨识证候要素在突发性公共卫生事件中的作用

证候要素是指组成证候的主要元素.分析50年代对流行性乙型脑炎的中医治疗与2003年对SARS的中医治疗,发现一个共同特点,即中医界提出的辨证方法丰富多样,所涉及的证候要素却十分集中.流行性乙型脑炎的相关证候集中在"毒、热、湿、内风、痰与阴虚"6个基本要素,SARS的相关证候集中在毒、热、湿、瘀、阴虚、气虚、痰等7个基本要素,其他要素的出现概率均低于20%.说明在历次突发性公共卫生事件中,辨识证候要素已经潜移默化地发挥了重要效应,因而提取证候要素应该是病证规范最有效的方法.     

溃疡性结肠炎活动期肠损微观证素及中医辨证分型研究

目的:建立溃疡性结肠炎(UC)活动期肠损的微观证素辨证方法并探讨证型分布.方法:回顾89例UC活动期住院患者临床资料,收集肠镜所见及病理,将肠损病理形态学特点与相应病性证素相关联,统计病性证素出现的频数、百分比等,并结合病位,得出常见证型分布.结果:病性证素依次为热85例(95.5％)、湿82例(92.1％)、痰瘀62例(69.6％)、毒34例(38.2％)；病位证素主要为大肠100例(100％),其中广肠43例(48.3％).结论:溃结活动期常见病性证素依次为热、湿、痰瘀、毒,病位证素为大肠.常见证型依次为大肠湿热证、大肠痰瘀证、大肠热毒证、大肠湿毒证等.     

辨识证候要素在突发性公共卫生事件中的作用

证候要素是指组成证候的主要元素。分析50年代对流行性乙型脑炎的中医治疗与2003年对SARS的中医治疗，发现一个共同特点，即中医界提出的辩证方法丰富多样，所涉及的证候要素却十分集中。流行性乙型脑炎的相关证候集中在“毒、热、湿、内风、痰与阴虚”6个基本要素，SARS的相关证候集中在毒、热、湿、瘀、阴虚、气虚、痰等7个琏本要素，其他要素的出现概率均低f20％。说明在历次突发性公共卫生事件中，辨识证候要素已经潜移默化地发挥了重要效应，因而提取证候要素应该是病证规范最有效的方法。     

冠心病痰瘀互结证中医证治研究

痰瘀互结证为冠心病中医临床辨证的重要证候之一,痰浊与瘀血是冠心病发病最主要的两大病理因素,两者相互胶结贯穿该病发生、发展的始终。冠心病病位在心,与肝、脾、肾密切相关,治疗多从痰瘀同治,并根据其发病标本虚实,以及脏腑、气血阴阳失调等不同情况,按气虚、气滞、气阴两虚、阳虚、寒邪、热邪、毒邪的轻重加以辨证施治。该文通过对冠心病痰瘀互结本证及其兼证的病因病机及治法方药等方面进行探讨,以期为冠心病痰瘀互结证中医证治研究提供参考。     

类风湿性关节炎中医证素分布

目的 基于临床文献报道探讨类风湿性关节炎证素分布规律.方法 计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据库(1994-2012),建立类风湿性关节炎证候文献研究数据库,采用关联规则进行数据分析.结果 提取证型总数为619个,以肝肾亏虚、风寒湿痹、湿热痹阻、寒湿痹阻、痰瘀痹阻、风湿热痹最为常见.病位证素依次为肾、肝,与经络、脾、胃等相关.主要病性证素为湿、寒、热,以湿邪为首,发病与痰、瘀关系密切.证素组合形式有6种,以两证素构成证候形式所占比例最高,其中又以两病性证素组合最为常见.结论 类风湿性关节炎的发病部位主要在肾,初期以邪实为主,日久导致气血阴阳亏虚而见虚实夹杂表现,痰、瘀是病程中的重要病理产物和关键环节.     

3种髋关节疾病早期“异病同证”的证素特征和证候分布规律研究

目的 分析股骨头坏死、髋骨关节炎、类风湿髋关节炎早期证素特征、证候分布规律,为慢性骨病“异病同证”提供理论依据。方法 采用横断面调查的研究方法,选择2020年6月—2022年6月在北京中医药大学第三附属医院微创关节科、创伤关节科、风湿免疫科就诊的股骨头坏死国际骨微循环研究协会Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、髋骨关节炎Kellgren-LawrenceⅠ～Ⅱ级、类风湿髋关节炎急性期或亚急性期的患者,采用本团队前期制定的“病例报告表-中医证候表现量表”,收集中医证候信息,录入Excel 2020建立数据库,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行因子分析、聚类分析,提取病性、病位等证素信息,总结3种髋关节疾病早期证素特征、证候类型分布规律及其异同点。结果 本研究共纳入410例患者,其中,股骨头坏死患者150例、髋骨关节炎患者160例、类风湿髋关节炎患者100例。股骨头坏死病性证素包括痰(湿)、血瘀、阳虚、精亏、气虚;证候类型初步分为经脉痹阻证(43.33%)、痰瘀阻络证(38.00%)、肝肾亏虚证(12.00%)、肾精不足证(6.67%)4类。髋骨关节炎病性证素包括痰(湿)、血瘀、气虚、精亏、阳虚、寒(湿);证候类型初步...     

应用匹配矩阵、因子分析和聚类分析法研究冠心病痰瘀证候特征

目的研究冠心病痰瘀证候与临床四诊信息的相互关系,为其分类及规范化诊断提供参考。方法采用匹配矩阵、因子分析和聚类分析法,对200例冠心病患者痰证、瘀证、痰瘀互阻证及非痰非瘀证46项临床症状进行相关性分析。结果冠心病不同痰瘀证候舌、脉象与非痰非瘀证之间存在明显差异;中医病机脏腑定位于心和肾,以心气虚为主,兼肾气虚,痰证患者尚多伴脾气虚;在46项临床症状中,仅15项症状在痰证、瘀证和痰瘀互阻证中相伴出现频率较高。除共有的本虚证外,痰证的主要临床症状为白腻苔和滑脉,尚见胸脘痞满和腹胀等;瘀证则以紫舌、舌生瘀斑为主,尚见痛有定处;痰瘀互阻证则兼上述两种证候的主要症状。结论综合应用匹配矩阵、因子分析和聚类分析法,可以获得有关冠心病不同痰瘀证候主要临床特征及脏腑定位的信息,对冠心病不同痰瘀证候辨证及其分类研究具有一定的意义。     

帕金森病认知功能障碍患者中医证型分布规律

目的 了解帕金森病(PD)轻度认知功能障碍(PD-MCI)的证候分布规律.方法 对102例PD-MCI的患者进行西医分期,同时进行中医辨证,了解其证候分布规律.结果 102例中,髓海不足证51例(50.00％)、瘀证44例(43.14％)、痰证36例(35.29％),出现率最高.证候组合形态以髓海不足血瘀证最多,21例(20.59％);且分期不同,髓海不足证、瘀证、痰证出现率始终较高,中期及晚期PD患者气虚及髓海不足出现率增高,风热痰瘀各证出现率减少.结论 髓海不足,痰瘀阻络为PD-MCI的主要病机,证型的变化与PD轻重分期密切相关.     

类风湿关节炎辨治规律研究进展

对类风湿关节炎（RA）的病因病机、证候分布、治疗思路方面的研究进展进行了综述。总体而言,类风湿关节炎病理性质属本虚标实,活动期以热痹为主。证候分布早期多以标实为主,包括寒湿、湿热等,后期以本虚和痰瘀互结为主。治疗有以“通”立法,有从痰或瘀论治,有从本虚论治。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.