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古本草马先蒿基原小考何希荣(中国中医研究院中药研究所北京100700)马先蒿始见于《神农本草经》[1]中品。由于《神农本草经》对品种形态未作描述,马先蒿的考证就成为一大难题。加之经过历史的变迁,不同的本草有着不同的论述。本文对马先蒿基原进行考证。1马先蒿为玄参科马先蒿属植物的论点《神农本草经》曰:“主寒热,鬼疰,中风湿痹,女子带下病,无子。一名马屎蒿。”[1]从“马屎蒿”的命名来看,明代李时珍《本草纲目》中有这样的.... 相似文献
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马先蒿,系玄参科Scrophulariaceae马先蒿属Pedicularis植物多种马先蒿的全草。经本草学研究,其全草、根、花,以不同的处方用名入药。马先蒿属植物,我国已知的有329种之多,广布于全国各地,资源十分丰富,是一类具有相当开发前景的植物药。 相似文献
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马先蒿属药物的临床应用与本草学研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
马先蒿,系玄参科马先蒿属Pedicularis植物多种马先蒿的全草,经本草学研究,其全草,根,花,以不同的处方用名入药。马先蒿属植物,我国已知的有329种之多,广布于全国各地,资源十分丰富,是一类具有相当开放发景的植物药。 相似文献
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对蒙药红纹马先蒿进行了来源、性状特征、显微特征等方面的研究,为正确使用药材提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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喻文韬吴欢于亚云李军茂冯育林杨世林张武岗 《中药材》2023,(1):116-122
目的:分析藓生马先蒿Pedicularis muscicola Maxim.的化学成分。方法:采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱联用技术(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)对藓生马先蒿的茎、叶部位的甲醇与水的提取物进行分析与鉴定,采用Welch Ultimate^(■)UHPLC XB-C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速:0.3 mL/min,柱温:40℃,电喷雾离子源,在正、负离子模式下扫描采集数据。对藓生马先蒿不同部位的提取物图谱通过PeakView软件分析鉴定化合物。结果:从藓生马先蒿中总共鉴定出56个化合物。环烯醚萜苷类化合物14个,苯丙素苷类化合物9个,黄酮类化合物11个,生物碱类化合物6个,木脂素类化合物8个,其他类化合物8个。结论:藓生马先蒿不同部位的化学成分具有差异,其中茎的醇提部位与叶的水提部位活性化合物数量较多,茎的水提部位较少。 相似文献
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目的 建立马先蒿药材质量标准。方法 以常用的甘肃马先蒿Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim.、藓生马先蒿P.muscicola Maxim.、黄花马先蒿P.flava Pall.药材为研究对象进行性状及显微鉴别;采用薄层色谱法对药材进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法对药材中的毛蕊花糖苷进行定量分析;检测药材各项理化指标(水分、灰分、酸不溶灰分、浸出物)。结果 薄层色谱鉴别结果表明,以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(1∶7∶2)为展开剂,供试品色谱和对照药材色谱在相应位置上显示相同颜色斑点,比移值(Rf)适中,能有效快速地区分不同品种马先蒿。含量测定结果表明,毛蕊花糖苷在10.70~214.00 μg·mL–1呈良好的线性关系,r=1.000,平均回收率为102.75%,样品中毛蕊花糖苷质量分数为0.43%~2.74%,暂定马先蒿属植物中毛蕊花糖苷质量分数按干燥品计不得少于0.70%。理化指标检测结果表明,样品中水分、灰分、酸不溶灰分、浸出物质量分数分别为7.76%~11.70%、7.09%~10.28%、0.41%~4.69%、15.34%~38.03%。将马先蒿类药材理化指标限度暂定为水分不超过12%、总灰分不超过11%、酸不溶灰分不超过2%、醇溶性浸出物不少于24%。结论 研究表明毛蕊花糖苷为3种马先蒿药材的共有主要成分,故将3种马先蒿采用同一标准进行研究。结果表明该方法稳定、可靠、重复性好,能有效地反映3种马先蒿药材的质量。 相似文献
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《中成药》2016,(1)
目的建立HPLC法测定不同产地(甘肃、青海、四川)7种马先蒿属(Pedicularis L.)植物中毛蕊花苷的含有量。方法马先蒿属植物75%甲醇提取液的分析采用Waters C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相甲醇-0.27%冰醋酸水溶液(35∶65);检测波长330 nm;体积流量1 m L/min。结果 13个样本中毛蕊花苷含有量的差异较大。其中,甘肃省武威市天堂乡采集到的甘肃马先蒿(茎、根)、中国马先蒿、藓生马先蒿、俯垂马先蒿中毛蕊花苷的含有量分别为3.62%、0.27%、6.49%、2.17%、3.47%,天祝县采集到的中国马先蒿、藓生马先蒿中分别为1.81%、2.26%;青海省采集到的甘肃马先蒿、藓生马先蒿、白花甘肃马先蒿中分别为3.28%、2.01%、2.45%;四川省诺尔盖草原采集到的轮叶马先蒿、碎米蕨叶马先蒿、藓生马先蒿中分别为0.46%、1.22%、1.37%,RSD值均小于2%。结论毛蕊花苷广泛存在于马先蒿属植物中,其中甘肃马先蒿地上部分中毛蕊花苷的含有量高于地下部分。 相似文献
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在四川省马边彝族自治县调查时发现一治疗蛇伤的有效秘方。通过鉴定此秘方为藓生马先蒿全草与珠芽蓼根茎按1:1组成。为便于今后应用、推广、提高,特同时对此秘方散剂的显微粉末组织特征进行了研究。 相似文献
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The hypoglycaemic activity of Swertia japonica extract in streptozotocin induced hyperglycaemic rats
Purusotam Basnet Shigetoshi Kadota Tsuneo Namba Mineo Shimizu 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》1994,8(1):55-57
The hypoglycaemic activity of an aqueous ethanolic extract of Swertia japonica and its ethyl acetate, n-butanol, water soluble fractions, together with ether soluble and insoluble fractions of ethyl acetate soluble fraction was observed in streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycaemic rats. It was found that an aqueous ethanolic extract was more effective than a mixture of tolbutamide and buformine, and an ethanolic extract of another species of this plant, S. chirayita in lowering the blood glucose level under similar experimental conditions. Furthermore, an ethyl acetate soluble fraction of S. japonica and its ether insoluble fraction showed a potent hypoglycaemic activity. 相似文献
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Extracts and powders of Cissus quadrangularis have been used for many years to promote bone and tissues healing, as an analgesic, to treat infections, as an anabolic, and to promote weight loss and weight management. This review summarizes the studies in animals, humans and in vitro systems that have been conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of various Cissus preparations. Animal and in vitro studies provide support for the use of Cissus in promoting bone fracture healing and as an anti‐osteoporotic. Several human studies support the use of Cissus extracts in weight management. No studies have been conducted demonstrating that Cissus exhibits anabolic and body building activities. Based on studies to date, Cissus extracts appear to be exceedingly safe and free of adverse effects at the doses commonly used. A wide variety of chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from Cissus extracts, including steroids, flavonoids, stilbenes, iridoids, triterpenes and gallic acid derivatives. However, in few cases have specific physiological effects been related to identifiable constituents. Better standardization of extracts and more well‐controlled human studies are required. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Michel Sauvain Jean-Pierre Dedet Nicole Kunesch Jacques Poisson Jean-Charles Gantier Philippe Gayral Gerhard Kunesch 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》1993,7(2):167-171
The activities of various compounds isolated from plants traditionally used against leishmaniasis in populations from the tablelands of the Guyanas have been examined. The leishmanicidal activity of plant extracts was evaluated by in vitro testing on promastigote and amastigote stages of Leishmania amazonensis and by in vivo tests on L. amazonensis in mice. The leaves of Jacaranda copaia (Aublet) D. Don yielded two compounds: ursolic acid and jaracanone. Ursolic acid showed an interesting activity in vitro with an ED50 against amastigotes of 0.02 mM and no toxicity to macrophages at twice this dose. Jacaranone displayed a marked activity against promastigotes in vitro with an ED50 of 0.02 mM. Both compounds have weak in vivo antileishmanial activity. Similar synthetic compounds such as quinol and quinone acetates were prepared and showed increased activity in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice. 相似文献
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目的:探讨针刺是否具有抑制脂毒性的作用。及其可能机制。方法:临床针剌治疗34例单纯性肥胖病患者3个疗程.治疗前后测量体重指数(BMI)、脂肪百分率(F%)。酶联免疫法测定血清胰岛素、脂联素.生化比色法测定血脂、血糖。高效液相色谱法测定主要的八种游离脂肪酸.并与20例正常人对照。结果:临床总有效率88.2%.针剌可提高患者降低的胰岛素敏感指数(IAZ。t=-5.103.P=0.000)。针剌后F%的降低与不饱和脂肪酸升高的相关性具有显著性意义(r=0.402。P=0.019)。与不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值的升高的相关性亦具有显著性意义(r=0.348,P=0.044)。高密度脂蛋白升高与二十碳五烯酸的升高的相关性具有显著性意义(r=0.352,P=0.041)。BMI的降低与高密度脂蛋白的升高的相关具有显著性意义(r=0.357.P=0.038)。针刺后脂联素水平显著升高(与治疗前相比P=0.000)。FFAs降低与脂联素升高的相关性具有显著性意义(r=-0.349,P=0.043)。结论:针剌可以降低肥胖患者的游离脂肪酸水平,提高其胰岛素敏感性。从而表现出抑制脂毒性的效应。针剌抑制脂毒性的作用与提高脂联素水平有一定的关系。 相似文献