HPLC指纹图谱化学模式识别法评价淫羊藿药材质量一致性

目的:建立淫羊藿药材HPLC指纹图谱,采用相似度计算和化学模式识别的方法,评价淫羊藿药材质量的一致性。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。以Diamonsil C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),乙腈-0.4%甲酸水溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL,检测波长为270nm,对淫羊藿指纹图谱进行相似度计算和化学模式识别分析。结果:淫羊藿药材指纹图谱测定方法精密度、稳定性、重复性良好,以13批淫羊藿药材建立指纹图谱共有模式,淫羊藿药材相似度均达到0.91,模式识别分析结果与其一致;标定其中18个共有特征峰,经对照,指认出淫藿定A、淫藿定B、淫藿定C、淫羊藿苷4种主要成分。结论:该方法稳定、易操作,可为科学评价和控制淫羊藿药材的质量提供参考。指纹图谱结合化学模式识别分析技术可以有效应用于淫羊藿药材质量的一致性评价,并为淫羊藿药材商品规格划分提供参考依据。     

基于淫羊藿苷测定及HPLC指纹图谱分析的淫羊藿药材质量差异评价

目的建立客观评价淫羊藿药材质量差异的方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,Kromasil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(23∶77),体积流量1 mL/min,检测波长270 nm,进样量10μL,建立不同产地、不同品种淫羊藿药材不同生长部位(茎与叶)的HPLC指纹图谱,并测定其不同生长部位中淫羊藿苷的量。结果 淫羊藿药材不同生长部位(茎与叶)的HPLC指纹图谱和淫羊藿苷的量存在差异,从其叶和茎的特征指纹图谱中分别提取出19和10个共有峰,且叶中淫羊藿苷的量是茎中的4~8倍;叶与叶、茎与茎之间的化学特征存在差异,叶与茎化学特征差异最显著。结论建立的淫羊藿苷测定方法和指纹图谱的精密度、稳定性、重现性好,可表征淫羊藿药材质量的差异性,为淫羊藿药材的质量研究和建立淫羊藿药材的商品规格提供参考依据。     

不同品种淫羊藿药材的指纹图谱研究

目的建立淫羊藿药材的HPLC指纹图谱测定方法,对不同品种的淫羊藿药材进行研究。方法色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX XDB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(梯度洗脱),检测波长270 nm,柱温为25℃。结果测定了不同品种淫羊藿药材的指纹图谱,淫羊藿苷含量差异较大。结论建立了淫羊藿药材的指纹图谱测定方法,为鉴别及有效控制不同品种淫羊藿药材质量提供了依据。     

淫羊藿提取物的质量研究

目的：考察目前市场上淫羊藿提取物的质量。方法：采用HPLC测定市售的淫羊藿提取物中朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、箭藿苷B的含量和指纹图谱,紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量。结果：大部分提取物中淫羊藿苷含量与公司提供的标示量一致,全部测定样品的指纹图谱分为3类,分别对应于不同的来源药材,淫羊藿苷标示含量相同的样品中朝藿定C、箭藿苷B以及总黄酮的含量存在差异。结论：将提取物指纹图谱与药材指纹图谱进行比对,可以初步确定其来源的药材,药材的不同是造成提取物质量差异的主要因素,建议淫羊藿提取物应该标示药材来源,并进行多项的含量检测,以便实现提取物质量的稳定。     

淫羊藿黄酮类成分指纹图谱研究

目的建立淫羊藿中黄酮类成分HPLC指纹图谱。方法采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclispse SB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),以乙腈(A)-水(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0～8 min,15%→25%A;8～25 min,25%A;25～32 min,25%→33%A,32～48 min,33%→38%A;48～60 min,38%→60%A;60～70 min,60%→85%A;70～75min,15%A),流速1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长为270nm,进样量10μL。对11批淫羊藿指纹图谱进行相似度分析及方法学考察。结果 11批淫羊藿药材有21个共有峰,相似度为0.845～0.952,对5个色谱峰进行了归属;方法学考察结果表明,建立的分析方法重复性、精密度、稳定性良好;相似度分析将11批淫羊藿分为4大类,与淫羊藿物种鉴定结果一致。结论不同产地淫羊藿有一定的相似性,HPLC指纹图谱能够为淫羊藿的物种鉴定及内在质量评价提供依据。     

淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊指纹图谱研究

目的:建立淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊HPLC指纹图谱测定方法。方法:以淫羊藿苷为参照物,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-水,梯度洗脱;流速为1.0 m L·min~(-1);柱温为25℃;检测波长为270 nm。结果:建立了淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊的指纹图谱,确定了淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊中14个共有峰,10批成品指纹图相似度在0.95以上,同时指认了淫羊藿苷、朝藿定A、朝藿定B、朝藿定C和宝霍苷Ⅰ各色谱峰。结论:建立的HPLC指纹图谱有较好的精密度、重复性和稳定性,适用于淫羊藿总黄酮胶囊的质量控制。     

叶类药材淫羊藿精准煮散饮片的质量研究

目的：采用化学指纹图谱法结合DNA分子鉴定技术,考察淫羊藿精准煮散饮片与市售原饮片质量差异。方法：制备不同规格淫羊藿煮散饮片,对比市售饮片及煮散饮片的干膏收率;应用ITS2及psbA-trnH条形码序列对淫羊藿饮片进行分子鉴定;采用HPLC-DAD法进行3批次饮片混合粉碎前后质量均一性、指纹图谱及相似度评价。结果：淫羊藿煮散饮片出膏率略高于市售饮片;3批市售饮片指标成分淫羊藿苷提取率有明显的差异性,RSD为15.56%,煮散饮片差异较小RSD为6.82%。指纹图谱相似度评价结果显示,淫羊藿精准煮散饮片的指纹图谱相似度提高,标定共有峰10个,峰面积均有提高。ITS2及psbA-trnH序列对淫羊藿煮散饮片可实现准确鉴定。结论：淫羊藿精准煮散饮片与市售饮片基本属性相一致,但煮散饮片的浸膏提取率、指标成分的批间均一性有不同程度提升。研究结果显示发展精准煮散饮片有良好的应用前景。     

多基原淫羊藿不同部位质量评价研究

目的对不同基原淫羊藿药材不同部位所含的黄酮类成分进行比较,为淫羊藿质量评价及药用部位的合理选择提供依据。方法采集13批淫羊藿植株地上部分,分为叶片、叶柄、茎3个部位,对其HPLC指纹图谱和朝藿定A、B、C及淫羊藿苷、宝藿苷Ⅰ5种黄酮类成分进行分析,进而采用方差分析和中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价软件并结合聚类分析(HCA)对淫羊藿叶片、叶柄和茎的含量差异进行综合评价。结果指纹图谱结果表明淫羊藿叶片中化学成分较茎及叶柄中丰富,叶柄与茎化学成分基本一致;含量测定结果表明淫羊藿叶片中5种成分含量均显著高于叶柄及茎,甚至达到数10倍。聚类分析结果也表明叶片与叶柄及茎可明显区分开来。结论通过分析淫羊藿不同部位化学成分差异,明确了淫羊藿叶片、叶柄及茎的质量差异,为淫羊藿质量控制及药用部位的确定提供了实验依据。     

淫羊藿挥发油的指纹图谱

目的:应用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法对淫羊藿挥发油进行指纹图谱研究。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取巫山淫羊藿和粗毛淫羊藿中的挥发油,利用GC-MS对其化学成分进行分析,通过GC-FID建立了淫羊藿挥发油指纹图谱的分析方法。气相色谱条件为HP-INNOWAX色谱柱,进样口温度260℃,分流比5∶1;程序升温(初始温度60℃,保持10 min,以2℃·min-1升至250℃,保持13 min)。GC-MS参数为柱流速1.0 m L·min-1,MS电子能量70 e V,离子源温度230℃,四级杆温度180℃,传输线温度280℃,全离子扫描,扫描质量范围m/z 40~550,溶剂延迟3 min。GC-FID参数:柱流速1.5 m L·min-1,FID检测器温度260℃,氢气流量30 m L·min-1,空气流量300 m L·min-1,尾吹氮气30 m L·min-1。结果:获得了20份不同产地淫羊藿的指纹图谱峰。结论:该方法的精密度、稳定性和重复性均良好。为淫羊藿药材的质量控制提供了有效手段。     

基于中药煮散研究淫羊藿与狗脊配伍合煎对化学成分的影响

目的:建立同时测定淫羊藿苷与金丝桃苷的HPLC法,结合指纹图谱技术评价淫羊藿配伍狗脊煮散对二者化学成分的影响。方法:采用HPLC测定淫羊藿苷与金丝桃苷的含量,采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度软件评价两种溶媒的提取效果,分析合煎液主要色谱峰的来源。结果:淫羊藿与狗脊水合煎液中淫羊藿苷与金丝桃苷溶出量降低,50%乙醇合煎液中两种成分溶出量基本不变。结论:淫羊藿与狗脊配伍合煎后指标成分发生了量变,但未产生新成分;50%乙醇的提取效果优于水。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。