桃仁药材UPLC特征指纹图谱研究

目的:建立桃仁药材的超高效液相特征性指纹图谱的测定方法,为有效控制和科学评价桃仁药材质量提供依据.方法:采用ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.8 μm);流动相乙腈-0.05%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长254 mm.对15批桃仁药材进行特征指纹图谱分析.结果:首次建立了桃仁药材的UPLC特征指纹图谱共有模式,共标定了12个共有峰,指认了其中6个共有峰,15批桃仁药材的相似度为0.884～0.996.结论:本方法快速、高效,可用于桃仁药材的质量评价.     

牡丹皮药材UPLC特征指纹图谱研究

目的:建立牡丹皮药材的超高效液相色谱特征指纹图谱分析方法.方法:采用ACQUITY UPLC HSS 13色谱柱(2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.8 pn);流动相乙腈-0.05%磷酸水,梯度洗脱,检测波长254 nm.结果:建立了牡丹皮UPLC特征指纹图谱共有模式,标定了20个共有峰,并指认了10个主要色谱峰,15批牡丹皮药材的相似度为0.973～0.998.结论:本方法快速、高效,可用于牡丹皮药材的质量评价.     

茯苓UPLC特征指纹图谱

建立茯苓的UPLC特征指纹图谱分析方法,为快速评价茯苓的质量,完善茯苓的质量控制方法提供依据。采用ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),流动相乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱,检测波长243 nm。建立了茯苓UPLC特征指纹图谱共有模式,标定了20个共有峰,指认了其中7个共有峰,15批茯苓的相似度在0.787～0.974。该方法快速,可用于评价茯苓的质量。     

虎杖药材UPLC特征图谱研究

目的:建立虎杖药材的超高效液相色谱(UPLC)特征图谱的质量评价方法.方法:采用Waters Acquity UPLCBEH C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm),流动相乙腈-0.5％乙酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速0.3 mL·min-1,柱温为35℃,检测波长290 nm.采用聚类分析,主成分分析,特征图谱相似度分析3种方法对38批不同产地的虎杖药材UPLC特征图谱进行评价.结果:建立了虎杖药材的UPLC特征指纹图谱共有模式,共标定了11个共有峰,指认其中4个共有峰为虎杖苷、白藜芦醇、大黄素和大黄素甲醚.36批虎杖药材相似度＞0.9;2批药材相似度为0.733,0.896.聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明可将药材分为3类,不同类别间质量有差异.结论:本研究建立的虎杖药材的特征图谱特征性和专属性强,且方法快速、简便、可靠,可用于全面控制市场流通虎杖药材的质量.     

UPLC结合化学计量学方法的白及指纹图谱分析

目的:建立不同产地白及药材UPLC指纹图谱,为建立快速而高效的白及药材整体质量控制方法提供实验依据。方法:采用UPLC-PDA检测法,ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.7μm),流动相乙腈-水溶液梯度洗脱,柱温45℃,检测波长280 nm,流速0.3 m L·min~(-1),建立白及药材指纹图谱;通过相似度评价,结合聚类分析和主成分分析,对不同批次的白及药材进行质量评价。结果:建立的白及药材UPLC指纹图谱方法确定了20个共有峰,并对9个共有峰进行了明确化学成分指认;43批白及药材的相似度在0.540~0.942;通过聚类分析可大致聚成2类;PCA大致聚成4类,并发现指纹图谱中6个造成43批次白及药材差异性的化合物。结论:白及的UPLC指纹图谱的构建和化学模式的识别为药材质量控制提供更全面的参考。     

伸筋草药材UPLC指纹图谱的鉴别研究

目的:建立伸筋草药材的超高效液相特征性指纹图谱鉴别方法,为有效控制和科学评价伸筋草药材质量提供依据.方法:采用Agilent ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C18(2.1 mm×100mm,1.8 μm)色谱柱,流动相甲醇-乙腈(1∶1)-0.05％磷酸水,梯度洗脱,检测波长256 nm,流速0.1 mL· min-1,测定10批伸筋草药材及混淆品的指纹图谱,并作相似度比较分析.结果:建立了伸筋草药材UPLC特征指纹图谱共有模式,标定了19个共有峰,10批伸筋草药材的相似度为0.923 ～0.985,而与混淆品的指纹图谱比较,结果具有明显差异.结论:方法快速、高效,可用于伸筋草药材的质量评价.     

藤梨根药材HPLC指纹图谱及质量研究

目的:建立藤梨根药材的HPLC-UV特征指纹图谱,为其品质评价提供参考.方法:以乙腈-0.25％甲酸水为流动相梯度洗脱,测定波长280 nm,指纹图谱相似度评价软件确定共有峰后,建立藤梨根的标准指纹图谱并计算了每批药材的相似度,利用聚类分析方法对指纹图谱数据进行分析.结果:建立了含有15个共有指纹峰的藤梨根HPLC-UV特征指纹图谱,并标定熊果酸、油酸、阿魏酸、槲皮素等7种共有成分.结论:该方法快速、准确,可用于评价藤梨根药材质量.     

金银花UPLC指纹图谱及其次生代谢物化学成分比较研究

目的:建立金银花的UPLC指纹图谱。方法:以绿原酸为参照物,采用Acquity UPLC~(TM)BEH C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm);流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸,梯度洗脱;流速为0.3 mL/min;柱温40℃。对金银花及其次生代谢物的色谱图进行分析,并利用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价软件》(2004A)对二者共有峰的相似度进行质量评价。结果:建立了10批金银花的UPLC指纹图谱的共有模式,特征图谱有10个共有峰,以对照品绿原酸为对照,各色谱峰有较好的分离效果。结论:本方法快速、高效,可用于金银花药材的质量控制。     

大血藤药材的UPLC指纹图谱分析

目的:研究大血藤药材的UPLC指纹图谱.方法:采用色谱法,Agilent ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm),洗脱系统0.05％乙酸水-甲醇梯度洗脱,检测波长280 nm,流速0.3 mL· min-1,柱温35℃.测定10批大血藤、2批鸡血藤及1批五香血藤的指纹图谱.结果:建立了大血藤药材UPLC指纹图谱分析方法,确立了19个共有峰,指认了4个峰.10批大血藤药材相似度＞0.837,大血藤与混淆品(鸡血藤和五香血藤)的指纹图谱具有明显差异.结论:建立的方法快速、准确、重复性好,为评价和控制大血藤药材的质量提供参考.     

不同产地苍耳子UPLC指纹图谱研究

建立不同产地苍耳子药材UPLC指纹图谱,为其质量控制提供比较全面的评价方法.实验采用UPLC-PDA检测法,测定了26个产地的苍耳子药材进行UPLC指纹图谱,采用Acquity BEH C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×l00 mm,1.7 μm),乙腈-0.1％磷酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为0.25 mL· min-1;检测波长220 nm.建立了26个产地苍耳子药材的共有图谱,确定了19个共有峰,对9个峰进行了指认;其中21批样品相似度大于0.9; 26批药材可大致聚成6类;计算了各个指纹峰的主成分分值,6个主成分累计变量贡献值达到81.140％.该方法可用于苍耳子药材质量评价.     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用

目的::研究七味红花殊胜敬对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用.方法:在大鼠肝缺血再灌注模型上,观察七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤引起的血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化.结果:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠血清MDA、SOD、GSH与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05),NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05).结论:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠急性缺血再灌注肝损伤具有保护作用.     

Methodology of Canine/Feline YNSA and Tail Acupuncture

BackgroundYamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) is a well-known acupuncture system for human patients which was developed by Dr. Yamamoto.ObjectiveMy aim was to transpose the human YNSA map onto canines and felines.MethodI started researching a canine/feline YNSA map in 2002. I investigated approximately 3,000 canines and felines for YNSA and 2,500 for Tail Acupuncture. The ratio of canines and felines was 6 to 4. I researched and found all the equivalent points by palpating animal patients on the basis of an exact Neck Diagnosis.ResultsI nearly completed the map in 2006. The points in the occipital region are incomplete and my research is still in progress. In the process of researching canine/feline YNSA points, I accidentally found the other microsystems around the tail and named it “Tail Acupuncture”.ConclusionsYNSA and Tail Acupuncture are acupuncture systems utilizing microsystems and support each other in canines and felines. The merits of YNSA and Tail Acupuncture are 1) immediate effects, such as in cases of lameness, 2) simplicity in finding the exact points to treat and 3) the scalp and the tail can be utilized separately or together as treatment zones, according to the situation.     

蜂蜜炼制前后黄酮类成分种类和含量变化分析

目的研究中药辅料蜂蜜炼制前后黄酮类成分变化。方法参考《中药药剂学》,对不同来源的6种蜂蜜进行炼制。供试品经固相萃取法富集黄酮类成分。采用高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱(HPLC-TQ-MS)法测定,Thermo Accucore RP-MS色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量0.3 m L/min,柱温30℃。质谱条件:采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子检测模式,多反应监测模式(MRM)扫描分析。结果蜂蜜中共检测到12种黄酮类成分,包括黄酮苷元、二氢黄酮苷元和异黄酮苷元。黄酮苷元有8种:槲皮素、桑黄素、木犀草素、山柰酚、芹菜素、汉黄芩素、高良姜素和白杨素;二氢黄酮苷元有3种:短叶松素、柚皮素和乔松素;异黄酮苷元染料木素。不同蜜源蜂蜜所含黄酮类成分种类和含量存在明显差异。6个蜂蜜样品炼制后,都发现了蜂蜜中没有报道过的芦丁和芸香柚皮苷,12种检测到的蜂蜜黄酮类成分在炼制后其量都有不同程度的变化,椴树蜜的槲皮素、桑黄素、木犀草素、山柰酚、芹菜素、汉黄芩素、乔松素和白杨素量均有增加,短叶松素、柚皮素和高良姜素量没增加反而还有下降的;洋槐蜜中除芹菜素量增加不明显外,其余均有所增加,尤其是槲皮素和桑黄素增加的较为明显;百花蜜和枣花蜜12种黄酮类成分量均显著增加。结论炼制可造成蜂蜜中黄酮类成分的种类和含量发生改变。     

Chinesische Orthopädie: Teil 1: Die Zukunft der Akupunktur in der Postmoderne

The locomotor system is one of the major fields of application for acupuncture. The results of the large acupuncture studies funded by German Health Insurances from 2000 until 2006 are impressive and repressive: they restrict acupuncture application by allocation of reimbursement and create the necessity of reorientation, since acupuncture can neither be adequately described nor prescribed solely on the basis of disease entities. Regarding these disease entities, it seems rather necessary to analyse the layers of problems and formulate a hierarchy of therapeutic goals instead. Only in this way the effects of acupuncture, related techniques and further therapeutic modalities can be matched with the set of objectives. The article presents general principles and follows their application from biological aspects to implications for the locomotor system and consequences for the application of physical therapy. The manual of acupuncture focuses on therapeutic effects and objectives first, and then goes on to sketch simple therapeutic strategies and finally complex approaches within acupuncture. These may encompass acupuncture, microsystem acupuncture and complex therapeutic modes.     

Patientin mit chronisch rezidivierenden Gelenks- und Wirbelsäulenschmerzen

Background

Acupuncture as a regulative therapy is well-suited for the treatment of functional, reversible disorders. Additionally, the WHO recommends its application for pain therapy in cases of arthritis and back pain due to various causes. This case study should clarify which paths to take in the case of a multi-morbid patient suffering from chronic pains due to polyarthrosis.

Objective

Pain reduction and improvement of quality of life as well as improvement of sleep quality.

Methods

Annual treatment series consisting of 10 sessions each, one session per week.

Results

short-term pain reduction before undergoing endoprosthetic surgery; considerable improvement of general status and sleep.

Conclusions

Acupuncture may bring temporal relief in cases of chronic pain due to osteoarthritis and should therefore be applied in combination with western medicine. Acupuncture is particularly well-suited to treat the co-emergent vegetative symptoms.     

Fallbericht: Patientin mit Schlafstörung

Background

Since the onset of her menopause about ten years ago, a sixty-year old patient has been suffering from hot flashes and sleep disorders causing her to become increasingly anxious and nervous. As the patient's mother had died of breast cancer, substitution of hormones was not advisable. Relaxation methods such as Yoga and Autogenic Training could only mildly alleviate the symptoms.

Objective

To effectively treat the sleep disorder, improve quality of life, lessen frequency and severity of hot flashes

Methods

Weekly sessions with ear- and body acupuncture for ten weeks

Results

After the third acupuncture session the patient reported a decrease of nightly waking episodes but suffered from acute pain in the neck as well as shoulder region. After nine therapy sessions, the patient reported a 50% decrease of nightly waking episodes. The hot flashes, however, remained unchanged.

Discussion

In this case, acupuncture significantly improved the patient's sleeping disorder. It also reduced the symptoms of anxiety and nervousness. Other menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and dryness of mucous tissues, could not be influenced.