葡萄籽提取物的质量标准

概述了国际市场上葡萄籽提取物的几种质量标准,综合分析了中国葡萄籽提取物各生产厂家的质量标准情况。鉴于国内还没有葡萄籽提取物质量的国家标准或行业标准,笔者根据多年的葡萄籽提取物研究、生产、出口情况,结合相关文献,提出了建立2种规格质量标准的观点:多酚含量大于95%、单体含量大于10%作为高品质葡萄籽提取物的质量标准;原花青素值大于95、单体含量大于6%作为一般品质葡萄籽提取物的质量标准。     

葡萄籽提取物原花青素药理作用研究进展

综述了葡萄籽提取物原花青素的抗脂质过氧化和清除自由基作用,其具有保护心血管、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等的药理作用,是一种很有开发价值的天然植物药.     

银杏叶制剂中原花青素的HPLC鉴别方法研究

目的 建立银杏叶制剂中原花青素的定性检测方法,为原花青素的质量控制提供依据.方法 建立NP-HPLC法和HPLC-DAD-MS法分析银杏叶原花青素提取物、葡萄籽提取物、银杏叶制剂及掺假银杏叶制剂中原花青素的组成.结果 原花青素在正相色谱系统中,可以按聚合度的大小进行分离;葡萄籽原花青素由(表)儿茶素组成,各个聚合体在正相色谱系统中只有1个特征峰;而银杏叶原花青素由(表)没食子儿茶素和(表)儿茶素组成,有2～3个特征峰.结论 该方法可用于定性分析原花青素,还可用于鉴别银杏叶制剂中是否掺假.     

葡萄籽原花青素的药理学研究进展

原花青素是一类广泛存在于植物界的多酚化合物的总称,其中以葡萄籽的含量最为丰富。研究表明,葡萄籽原花青素具有清除自由基、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗辐射等药理作用,对多个系统的疾病具有一定的治疗作用。作为一种天然抗氧化剂,葡萄籽原花青素符合现代人们对高效、低毒药物的需求,具有广阔的开发前景。本文就葡萄籽原花青素在心血管系统疾病、癌症、男性生殖系统疾病、眼科疾病等方面的研究进展进行综述,并讨论了其与抗氧化和清除自由基能力相关的作用机制,为葡萄籽原花青素的进一步开发和利用提供参考。     

葡萄籽提取物原花青素诱导乳腺癌 MCF-7 细胞脱落凋亡

目的 检测葡萄籽提取物原花青素诱导乳腺癌MCF-7细胞脱落凋亡的作用。方法 采用DNA ladder检测及软琼脂集落形成试验方法，观察乳腺癌MCF-7细胞对脱落凋亡的敏感性以及原花青素诱导其脱落凋亡的作用。结果 MCF-7细胞具有抗脱落凋亡的特性，而0．1mmol／L原花青素即可引起悬浮培养的MCF-7细胞凋亡。表现为细胞染色质DNA断裂及软琼脂集落形成受阻。结论 原花青素可诱导乳腺癌MCF-7细胞脱落凋亡。     

HPLC测定葡萄籽提取物中原花青素B2的含量

目的:测定不同来源的葡萄籽提取物中原花青素B2的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,ZORBAX SB-C18柱,流动相为乙腈-2%冰醋酸,梯度洗脱,检测波长280nm。结果:原花青素B2在1~30μg/mL范围内,线性关系良好。平均加样回收率为99.29%(n=5),RSD=1.64%。结论:该方法简便、准备、重复性好,可用于测定原花青素B2的含量。     

335 葡萄籽多酚的研究概况

葡萄籽多酚以原花青素为主成分,作为抗氧化剂受到关注.就其化学结构、药理活性、应用等方面进行综述.     

葡萄籽多酚的研究概况

葡萄籽多酚以原花青素为主成分，作为抗氧化剂受到关注。就其化学结构、药理活性、应用等方面进行综述。     

微波法提取葡萄籽中原花青素的工艺研究

目的采用微波提取技术从葡萄籽中提取原花青素。方法考察微波提取工艺中5个影响收率的因素:提取温度、微波输出功率、溶剂体积分数、微波加热时间、固液比例。结果最佳生产工艺条件:使用80%乙醇,在微波输出功率600W,温度80℃条件下,持续加热3min,固液比例为1∶8。原花青素收率可达到22.73%。结论本研究建立了适合于工业化生产的微波提取葡萄籽中原花青素的工艺条件。     

葡萄籽原花青素对自发性高血压大鼠肾损伤的保护作用

目的:研究葡萄籽原花青素对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)肾损伤的保护作用并对其机制进行探讨。方法:8周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠24只随机分成4组,每组6只:模型组、葡萄籽原花青素50mg/kg剂量组和200mg/kg剂量组、卡托普利组(30mg/kg),6只8周龄雄性Wistar-Kyoto大鼠设为对照组。治疗6周后,测定大鼠尾动脉收缩压(SBP);ELISA法测定大鼠尿中视黄醛结合蛋白(RBP)和α1微球蛋白(α1-MG)含量;HE染色下用图像分析软件测定肾内小动脉中膜厚度与血管内径比值(MT/LD);Masson染色下观察肾脏纤维化情况,测量并计算肾小球胶原纤维沉积评分(GCDS)及肾小管间质病变评分(TIDS);Western blot法检测肾皮质中磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(p-ERK1/2)蛋白表达情况。结果:葡萄籽原花青素50mg/kg和200mg/kg剂量组能显著降低自发性高血压大鼠尾动脉收缩压、尿液中RBP和α1-MG含量、肾内小动脉MT/LD,减少肾脏组织中胶原纤维含量、降低GCDS和TIDS以及肾皮质中p-ERK1/2蛋白表达,葡萄籽原花青素200mg/kg剂量组的作用尤为显著。结论:葡萄籽原花青素对自发性高血压大鼠肾脏损伤有减轻作用,其机制可能与葡萄籽原花青素降低尾动脉收缩压、减少肾皮质中p-ERK1/2蛋白表达有关。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。