试论肝病"实脾"

肝病“实脾”是治疗肝病的一个重要治则,肝病传脾及其未病先防的思想源于《难经》。《难经·七十七难》云“所以治未病者,见肝之病,知肝当传之于脾,故当先实其脾气,无令其受肝之邪,故曰治未病焉”。其本意为肝病最易传脾,在治肝的同时,先调补脾气,使脾气充实,不受邪侵。《金匮要略》又进一步指出“治未病者,见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾”。并将肝病“实脾”谓之上工之举,一直为后世医家奉为金科玉律,被广泛用于肝病的治疗中。1肝病实脾的理论基础肝病实脾这一理论是从五行学说推演发展而来的。因肝属木,脾属土,木能克土;肝木旺盛,则克脾土。…     

肝病“实脾”浅议

肝病“实脾”是治疗肝病的一个重要治则，该法首见于《难经》、《金匮要略》。然肝病传脾及其未病先防的思想则源于《内经》中“风起火来，木之胜也。土湿受邪，脾病也焉”。《难经》指出“所以治未病者。见肝之病，则知肝当传之于脾，故先实其脾气，无令其受肝之邪，故日治未病焉”。《金匮要略》又进一步指出“治未病者，见肝之病，知肝传脾，当先实脾”。并将肝病“实脾”谓之上工之举，一直为后世医家奉为金科玉律，为临床治疗肝病所遵循。     

肝病实脾验案

<正>"见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾"是《金匮要略》确立的临床治疗原则,笔者认为此论旨在强调治肝同时应注重调脾,肝病可以从脾论治。笔者在治疗肝病的临床实践中体会到仲景"肝病实脾"理论具有重要的指导意义,本文就运用"肝病实脾"治则治疗不同类型的慢性肝病举例如下。     

毛德文教授运用“调肝理脾”法治疗慢性肝病经验总结

慢性肝病进展缓慢,常常得不到患者足够的重视而造成复杂的病情甚至发展为肝衰竭。而肝、脾二脏在中医的生理、病理上相互作用,相互影响,在现代医学研究当中亦被证明二者息息相关。毛德文教授在长期诊治肝病的过程当中,强调了慢性肝病作为肝病的早期发展阶段更应尽早干预。他认为肝脾不和与慢性肝病关系密切,慢性肝病的核心病机是肝脾功能失调,其基本治疗原则为调和肝脾。而调肝理脾法属于中医治疗八大法之“和法”的范畴,其指导下的“培土涵木法”与“抑木扶土法”用于治疗慢性肝病能取得较好的临床疗效。本文试从调肝理脾的理论基础及临床应用两大方面介绍毛德文教授治疗慢性肝病的丰富经验。     

浅议脂肪肝防治当肝病实脾

<正>《难经·七十七难》中有"见肝之病,则知肝当传之于脾,故先实其脾气,无令得受肝之邪"的著名论点。张仲景从临床实践出发,提出"见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾"。后世医家根据这个观点,在治肝病时往往采用扶土抑木或清肝护睥之法。笔者在临床治疗脂肪肝强调"实脾"为先,收到较好疗效,现就体会浅谈如下。     

肝病实脾的临床运用

仲景在《金匮》中提出了“见肝之病,知肝传睥, 当先实脾”,这一思想充分体现了中医的整体观,对于后世医家有很大影响。在《金匮》基础上,后世医家通过临床实践,对肝病实脾不断进行了补充发展, 注意实脾已成为中医治疗肝病的重要原则之一,现将实脾在肝病常见类型治疗中的运用简介如下。一、肝气郁结脾主运化,肝主疏泄,脾的运化有赖于肝的疏泄。若肝气郁结,疏泄不及,最易影响脾土的运化,临床除见精神抑郁、胸闷、善太息、胁肋胀痛等肝病症状外,常同时或继之出现纳差食减、     

"见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾"在治疗肝病中的应用

张仲景《金匮要略》中言：“夫治未病者,见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾……”,即强调在治疗肝病时,即注意调补未病之脾,目的在使脾脏正气充实,防止肝病蔓延,如果脾脏本气旺盛,则可不必实脾。反之,见肝之病,不解实脾,只知见肝治肝,导致肝病未愈,脾病又起,这是缺乏整体观的治疗方法。     

辨治乙型肝炎重在肝病实脾

一些医者见肝病则皆用舒肝解郁之品,而不考虑肝之虚实、病之传变,故临床疗效不显。《金匮要略》云:“见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾。”肝病实脾这一理论,对后世颇有启迪。笔者从六十年代初开始治疗急慢性病毒性肝炎、肝硬化,始终按着肝病实脾理论进行辨证施治。肝病之初多以不欲食、厌油腻、乏力倦怠为主,此皆脾病之反应。凡治肝病,若食欲佳则病     

《金匮要略》重脾胃学术思想研究

中医重脾胃的学术思想,追溯其源,当首推东汉张仲景,这在《金匮要略》中已有充分体现。笔者试就《金匮要略》中重脾胃的学术思想并结合临床实践讨论如下。1　见肝之病,当先实脾仲景在《脏腑经络先后病脉证第一》中指出:“见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾”,一语道出肝病治脾的重要性。因为人体五脏之间在生理上存在着“生克”关系,在病理上存在着“乘侮”关系,肝脾之间的这种关系尤为突出。所以在治疗肝病的过程中,必须注意调补脾脏。通过补脾,使脾气健旺,就能防止肝病传脾。如果“见肝之病,不解实脾,惟治肝”,则肝病未愈,脾病又起。仲景“肝病实…     

《金匮》治肝十一法

《金匮》治肝之法,首推“见肝实脾”大法.如见肝实之病,在治疗肝实的同时,应注意调补脾脏,此法乃治肝病之要旨.但病有虚实,体有差异,病因又各有别.因此,《金匮》对肝病的具体治法可谓常中有变,笔者总其书中所论,认为可归纳为十一法.1 泻肝补脾法本法是治疗肝邪盛,乘克脾土的方法,如《金匮》开宗明言:“见肝之病,知肝传脾,当先实脾……”,此既为治未病法,又阐明了泻肝补脾的意义.凡肝病初起,横侮脾土而见胁痛、胸闷、头眩、腹胀食少、乏力便溏、脉弦等     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用

目的::研究七味红花殊胜敬对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用.方法:在大鼠肝缺血再灌注模型上,观察七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤引起的血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化.结果:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠血清MDA、SOD、GSH与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05),NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05).结论:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠急性缺血再灌注肝损伤具有保护作用.     

Methodology of Canine/Feline YNSA and Tail Acupuncture

BackgroundYamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) is a well-known acupuncture system for human patients which was developed by Dr. Yamamoto.ObjectiveMy aim was to transpose the human YNSA map onto canines and felines.MethodI started researching a canine/feline YNSA map in 2002. I investigated approximately 3,000 canines and felines for YNSA and 2,500 for Tail Acupuncture. The ratio of canines and felines was 6 to 4. I researched and found all the equivalent points by palpating animal patients on the basis of an exact Neck Diagnosis.ResultsI nearly completed the map in 2006. The points in the occipital region are incomplete and my research is still in progress. In the process of researching canine/feline YNSA points, I accidentally found the other microsystems around the tail and named it “Tail Acupuncture”.ConclusionsYNSA and Tail Acupuncture are acupuncture systems utilizing microsystems and support each other in canines and felines. The merits of YNSA and Tail Acupuncture are 1) immediate effects, such as in cases of lameness, 2) simplicity in finding the exact points to treat and 3) the scalp and the tail can be utilized separately or together as treatment zones, according to the situation.     

Chinesische Orthopädie: Teil 1: Die Zukunft der Akupunktur in der Postmoderne

The locomotor system is one of the major fields of application for acupuncture. The results of the large acupuncture studies funded by German Health Insurances from 2000 until 2006 are impressive and repressive: they restrict acupuncture application by allocation of reimbursement and create the necessity of reorientation, since acupuncture can neither be adequately described nor prescribed solely on the basis of disease entities. Regarding these disease entities, it seems rather necessary to analyse the layers of problems and formulate a hierarchy of therapeutic goals instead. Only in this way the effects of acupuncture, related techniques and further therapeutic modalities can be matched with the set of objectives. The article presents general principles and follows their application from biological aspects to implications for the locomotor system and consequences for the application of physical therapy. The manual of acupuncture focuses on therapeutic effects and objectives first, and then goes on to sketch simple therapeutic strategies and finally complex approaches within acupuncture. These may encompass acupuncture, microsystem acupuncture and complex therapeutic modes.     

Patientin mit chronisch rezidivierenden Gelenks- und Wirbelsäulenschmerzen

Background

Acupuncture as a regulative therapy is well-suited for the treatment of functional, reversible disorders. Additionally, the WHO recommends its application for pain therapy in cases of arthritis and back pain due to various causes. This case study should clarify which paths to take in the case of a multi-morbid patient suffering from chronic pains due to polyarthrosis.

Objective

Pain reduction and improvement of quality of life as well as improvement of sleep quality.

Methods

Annual treatment series consisting of 10 sessions each, one session per week.

Results

short-term pain reduction before undergoing endoprosthetic surgery; considerable improvement of general status and sleep.

Conclusions

Acupuncture may bring temporal relief in cases of chronic pain due to osteoarthritis and should therefore be applied in combination with western medicine. Acupuncture is particularly well-suited to treat the co-emergent vegetative symptoms.     

Fallbericht: Patientin mit Schlafstörung

Background

Since the onset of her menopause about ten years ago, a sixty-year old patient has been suffering from hot flashes and sleep disorders causing her to become increasingly anxious and nervous. As the patient's mother had died of breast cancer, substitution of hormones was not advisable. Relaxation methods such as Yoga and Autogenic Training could only mildly alleviate the symptoms.

Objective

To effectively treat the sleep disorder, improve quality of life, lessen frequency and severity of hot flashes

Methods

Weekly sessions with ear- and body acupuncture for ten weeks

Results

After the third acupuncture session the patient reported a decrease of nightly waking episodes but suffered from acute pain in the neck as well as shoulder region. After nine therapy sessions, the patient reported a 50% decrease of nightly waking episodes. The hot flashes, however, remained unchanged.

Discussion

In this case, acupuncture significantly improved the patient's sleeping disorder. It also reduced the symptoms of anxiety and nervousness. Other menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and dryness of mucous tissues, could not be influenced.     

常见证候荷瘤小鼠神经内分泌免疫组织基因转录的总体特征

目的揭示常见证候荷瘤小鼠神经-内分泌-免疫组织基因转录的总体特征。方法采用小鼠标准化四诊及辨证方法，及Gene Chip Mouse Exon1．0ST Array等技术，检测H22荷瘤小鼠早期邪毒壅盛（邪毒）和气虚、中期阳气虚、中晚期气阴阳虚等4个常见证候下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺、睾丸、脾脏、胸腺、肿瘤RNA的转录与剪接。结果正常昆明种雄性小鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺RNA电泳的28S峰低于18S，而睾丸、脾脏、胸腺、肿瘤相反。肿瘤发生的早期，下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺基因表达模式发生显著改变，邪毒尤甚，出现了失代偿。下丘脑28SRNA迅速抬升并持续，气虚强于邪毒。垂体RNA总量降低，28S陡降，邪毒尤甚。肾上腺RNA电泳特征类似垂体，气虚与邪毒相近，中晚期气阴阳虚尤甚。睾丸变化不明显。随着病情发展，脾脏重量持续增加，而胸腺相反，重量持续下降，蛋白合成和糖代谢下降。肿瘤组织蛋白合成与糖代谢，邪毒大于气虚。以上7个组织与正常对照组相比，有9127个基因表达发生差异、51126个外显子剪接发生差异。结论神经-内分泌-免疫网络组织基因转录的差异是荷瘤小鼠不同证候内在重要的物质基础。