中药巴布剂制备工艺的实验研究

选用正交实验法 ,以膏体的均匀性、膜残留性、柔软性、可涂展性及对皮肤的追随性为综合考察指标 ,以剥离时粘着力 (180°)为量化指标 ,对影响巴布剂膏体物理性状的因素 :搅拌时间、炼合温度、各组分基质的添加顺序三个因素进行实验研究 ,并对最佳条件进行优选。结果表明 :制备工艺的最佳条件为 :搅拌 2 0～ 4 0min ;膏体温度 5 0℃ ;赋形剂组分先与填充剂组合混合后 ,再加入粘性剂。     

中药远红外巴布剂的制备工艺研究

目的研制治疗乳腺增生的中药远红外巴布剂。方法采用正交实验法,依据膏体的均匀性、膜残留性、柔软性、可涂展性及对皮肤的追随性为综合考察指标,以剥离时粘着力(180°)为量化指标,选择远红外陶瓷粉粒径、搅拌时间、炼合温度3因素3水平,研究分析对巴布剂膏体物理性状的影响因素,并优选最佳工艺条件。结果优选的制备工艺条件为:远红外陶瓷粉粒径超微粉级、膏体温度60℃,搅拌30min。结论中药远红外巴布剂符合质量要求。     

三黄膏巴布剂的基质配方工艺研究

目的：优选三黄膏巴布剂的最佳基质配比,为其成型工艺研究提供依据。方法：分别以涂展性、均匀性、剥离性、皮肤追随性及外观为指标,采用L9（34）正交实验表对三黄膏巴布剂的基质配方进行优选研究,以确定其最佳配比组合。结果：三黄膏巴布剂最佳基质配比为甘油1.2 mL,聚丙烯酸钠0.5 g,羧甲基纤维素钠0.2 g,明胶0.2 g。结论：按照优选基质配方制成的三黄膏巴布剂膏体柔软,粘性适度,皮肤追随性好,剥离不残留,保湿性、涂展性良好,此基质配方可使用于三黄膏巴布剂的制剂生产。     

过敏试验结合正交试验考察中药橡胶膏剂制备工艺

目的:优选中药橡胶膏剂制备工艺的最佳条件。方法:对中药橡胶膏剂制备工艺导致的安全性、舒适性等共性技术进行研究,对影响到安全性的溶媒进行了单因素考察;以剥离强度、柔软性、膏体均匀性为考察指标,采用正交试验法,对中药橡胶膏剂制备过程中影响膏体性质的3个因素(溶媒、打胶时间、空白基质各部分的添加顺序)进行研究,优选最佳条件。结果:制备工艺的最佳条件为正己烷为溶媒,用量50 mL,打胶时间2 h,橡胶匀浆先与软化剂混合,再加入增黏剂和填充剂。结论:优选后的橡胶膏剂过敏率低,舒适性好。     

星点设计-效应面优化法优选复方止痛巴布剂基质处方

目的 优选复方止痛巴布剂最佳基质处方.方法 采用单因素试验、星点设计-效应面优化法,以初黏力和外观(膏体性状、残留性、皮肤追随性)为评价指标,对巴布剂基质处方进行优选,以确定最佳制备工艺.结果 优选基质配比为NP-700-卡波姆940-甘羟铝-微粉硅胶-甘油(5.34∶0.63∶0.2∶6∶30).结论 优选所得基质黏着力适中,无残留,膏体性状、皮肤追随性均较好,制备工艺良好.     

乌芍止痒颗粒成型工艺

目的研究乌芍止痒颗粒(何首乌、白鲜皮、赤芍、醋延胡索等)的制备工艺及最优处方,并对最佳成型颗粒的物理特性进行考察。方法以制粒情况为指标,对润湿剂种类、润湿剂用量和搅拌时间进行单因素考察;以吸湿率、成型率、溶化性和制粒情况为指标,对填充剂种类进行单因素考察;以吸湿率为指标,D-最优混料设计对填充剂最优配比进行考察。再对最佳成型颗粒进行临界相对湿度、休止角、溶化性、颗粒粒度测定。结果乌芍止痒颗粒最佳成型工艺为以乳糖-可溶性淀粉-糊精(0.335∶0.360∶0.305)为填充剂,干膏粉与填充剂按1∶1比例混匀,以干膏粉用量0.2倍的70%乙醇为润湿剂,搅拌30 s后制粒。最佳成型颗粒的临界相对湿度为69%,流动性、溶化性以及颗粒粒度均合格。结论 D-最优混料设计建立的模型具有良好的预测性。     

降逆巴布贴制备工艺优选

摘要：目的：优选降逆巴布贴辅料处方及制备工艺。方法：通过预实验初选增稠剂等制剂辅料,采用L16（45）正交实验,以多指标综合评分法,选用黏力、外观均匀性、涂展性、追随性为指标,以黏着剂比例与用量、保湿剂用量、交联剂用量为考察因素,优选最佳制剂辅料处方及工艺参数,采用平行实验,以体外透皮释药率为指标,优选透皮吸收剂的种类与用量,并进行验证实验。结果：醇提取的最佳工艺为黏着剂（聚丙烯酸钠与CMC-Na混合物,比例为4:3）与干膏粉比例为35:100;保湿剂（甘油）与干膏粉比例为160:100;交联剂（三氯化铝）与干膏粉比例为2:100,促渗剂（氮酮与丙二醇等重量比混合物）与干膏粉比例30:100。结论：工艺稳定可行,为降逆巴布贴制备工艺的参数确定提供了实验依据。     

脊痛灵巴布剂的制备工艺研究

目的:优选"脊痛灵"巴布剂最佳工艺。方法:以膏体均匀度、初黏力、内聚力、剥离度和外观的得分作为考察指标,制定因素水平表L9(34)。结果:最佳的基质配比:A1B1C1D2,即最佳加入量为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1份,甘油20份,氢氧化镁1份,药材粉料5份。结论:上述方法为最佳制备工艺。     

益元膏的制备工艺研究

目的：优选益元膏制备工艺的最佳参数条件。方法：以出膏率为评价指标,加水倍数、浸泡时间、煎煮时间、煎煮次数为因素,采用L9（34）正交表进行试验,优选出益元膏的最佳制备工艺。采用多指标综合评分法进行考察,选择最佳辅料。结果：经优选的制备工艺条件为加水量5倍,浸泡1h,提取3次,每次1h。最佳辅料为琼脂。结论：优选的辅料和膏方制备工艺参数均准确可行,质量符合要求。     

清凉活化巴布膏基质处方的研究

目的:优选清凉活化巴布膏最佳基质配方比例,制备性能良好的巴布剂.方法:采用正交设计,以黏附力、膜残留性、皮肤追随性、赋形性作为评价指标,基质原料为因素对基质组成比例进行优选.结果:优选基质最佳配方为卡波姆:聚丙烯酸钠:甘油:氧化锌=1.5:2:5:3.结论:该巴布剂基质配方合理,制备工艺简便易行.     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。