《四民月令》的中医药学价值探析

1 中草药的栽培与采收 1.1 《四民月令》中所记载的中草药:《四民月令》中收载的植物药和动物药共计有44种,其中植物药包括苍耳、蜀漆、乌韭、苏、芜菁、茜草、艾、芥、栝楼根、瞿麦、土瓜根、乌头、天雄、葶苈、莨菪子、菊花、天门冬、地黄、白术、车前子、蓝实、黄连、王不留行、柏实、榆荚、枳实、桃花、柳絮、桐叶、胡麻、大豆、赤小豆、冬葵子、生姜、蓼实、大小葱、花椒、大小蒜、薤;动物药包括蟾蜍、蝼蛄、牛胆.在以上这些药物中,有29种已被大约同时期的《神农本草经》所记载,此外还记载了15种当时没有在《神农本草经》中出现的药物,这是《四民月令》对《神农本草经》作出的必要补充和发展.     

《世界中医药》杂志第一届理事会名单

名誉理事长:佘靖、朱庆生、张凤楼理事长:李振吉(常务)、房书亭、于文明副理事长(按姓氏笔划排列)于生龙、于淑芳、马西姆(意大利)、王国才、王志勇、王振邦、王忠和、王超群(加拿大)、王炳岐、方明金、乌兰、韦波、龙致贤、田景福、孙塑伦、     

治疗糖尿病的体会

治疗糖尿病我常用增液汤合生脉散加黄芪、山药为主方.如气虚者重用人参、生芪、山药,加黄精、白术;阴血虚者加熟地、首乌、枸杞子;阳虚者加淫羊藿、沙苑蒺藜;老年白内障者加菟丝子、白蒺藜、女贞子;毛细血管硬化性眼底出血者必选用有止血、活血化瘀双重作用的三七、生蒲黄、生地、丹皮、赤芍;动脉硬化者加有软化血管降血脂作用的制首乌、女贞子、寄生、山楂、泽泻;下肢神经炎加苍术、牛膝、独活、寄生、肉桂、鸡血藤;合并肾病综合征者合知柏地黄汤,加生芪、白术;高血压者加夏枯草、钩藤、地龙、决明子、菊花、泽泻等.     

书讯

<正>本部现存1992、1993、1994、1996、2003、2005、2006、2007、2008、2009、2010、2011年《中医外治杂志》合订本,定价分别为18.00元、16.00元、16.00元、18.00元、25.00元、25.00元、40.00元、40.00元、40.00、40.0元、40.00元、40.00元,如需邮购,另附10%邮费,如一次全部邮购,邮资免费。数量有限,欲购从速。1995、1997、1998、1999、2000、2001、2002、2004年合订本及《当代中     

书讯

本部现存1992、1993、1994、1996、2003、2005、2006、2007、2008、2009、2010年《中医外治杂志》合订本,定价分别为18.00元、16.00元、16.00元、18.00元、25.00元、25.00元、40.00元、40.00元、40.00、40.0元、40.00元,如需邮购,另附     

五官科疾病的药酒治疗--眼疾

还晴神明酒（《圣济总录》） 配方：黄连18g，石决明、草决明、生姜、生石膏、黄硝石、薏苡仁、秦皮、山萸肉、当归、黄芩、沙参、朴硝、炙甘草、车前子、淡竹叶、柏子仁、防风、制乌头、辛夷、人参、川芎、白芷、瞿麦穗、桃仁、细辛、地肤子、白芍、泽泻、肉桂、白芥子各10g，     

乌鸡白凤丸在妇科以外的临床应用

乌鸡白凤丸出自明朝龚云林《寿世保元》，由乌鸡、鹿角胶、鳖甲、牡蛎、桑蛸、人参、黄芪、当归、白芍、香附、天冬、甘草、地黄、熟地、川芎、银柴胡、丹参、山药、芡实、鹿角霜等20味药物组成。集温补、滋阴、涩敛、调和等法为一方，具有补而不滞，温而不燥的药性，为著名理血通经药，有补气养血、调经止带，是临床上中医妇科治疗气血两亏、月经不调、崩漏带下的常用中成药。多年来，随着临床研究探索，     

《世界中医药》杂志第一届编辑委员会名单

主任委员:李振吉副主任委员(按姓氏笔画排列):王永炎、龙致贤、石学敏、邓铁涛、孙光荣、李连达、李振声、肖培根、张伯礼、陈可冀、姜再增、贺兴东、程四林、戴维委员(按姓氏笔画排列):马有度、马帆(法国)、马西姆(意大利)、王琦、王阶、王永炎、王安禄、王莒生、王建     

30位中医民族医入选“国医大师”

首届“国医大师”评审工作日前结束，经过严格遴选和评委会专家组认真审核，方和谦、王玉川、王绵之、邓铁涛、任继学、朱良春、何任、吴咸中、张灿琊、张学文、张琪、张镜人、李玉奇、李济仁、李振华、李辅仁、苏荣扎布（蒙医）、陆广莘、周仲瑛、贺普仁、     

具有抗癌作用的食物（续三）

食用菌类 4 食用菌包括香蕈、蘑菇、白木耳、黑木耳、石耳、地耳、猴头菌、灵芝、金针菇、茯苓、冬虫夏草、平菇、草菇、鸡土从、竹荪、榆黄菇、松口蘑、羊肚菌、榛蘑、口蘑、马勃、松乳菇、胡孙眼、干巴菌、鸡油菌等20多种。专家认为食用菌类均有一定抗癌作用。现将研究和应用较多的几种介绍如下：     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。