三子养亲汤的药理研究

豚鼠离体肺灌流、离体气管、豚鼠Ach引喘、小鼠浓氨水引咳、气管酚红排泌等实验表明三子养亲汤具有一定的平喘、镇咳、祛痰等作用。该方及白芥子可提高小鼠血浆cAMP/cGMP比值。紫苏子和白芥子均有明显的平喘和祛痰作用,紫苏子的平喘作用较白芥子强,但白芥子的祛痰作用较紫苏子强,镇咳则以莱菔子作用较强。白芥子、紫苏子、莱菔子三药配伍后其平喘效应优于各单味药。     

苏黄止咳颗粒平喘止咳作用的实验研究

目的:观察苏黄止咳颗粒平喘、止咳、祛痰作用。方法:采用乙酰胆碱与组织胺等量混合液引喘法、致敏动物抗原攻击法、豚鼠气管段法观察其平喘作用;采用氨水、枸橼酸喷雾致咳法观察其止咳作用;采用气管段酚红排出法观察其祛痰作用。结果:苏黄止咳颗粒可显著延长乙酰胆碱与组织胺混合液引发豚鼠抽搐的潜伏期,降低致敏动物抗原攻击致哮喘豚鼠气管肺灌流液中白细胞数及腹腔液中肥大细胞脱颗粒发生率,明显降低气管平滑肌张力;显著延长枸橼酸喷雾引咳豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期,减少其咳嗽次数,延长氨水喷雾致咳小鼠的半数小鼠咳嗽时间;并增加小鼠气管对酚红的排出量。结论:苏黄止咳颗粒具有明显平喘、止咳、祛痰作用。     

感咳平胶囊平喘作用的实验研究

感咳平胶囊经口服给药可对抗乙酰胆碱和组织胺引起的豚鼠喘息,明显延长豚鼠引喘潜伏期,具有保护豚鼠喘息的作用;其药粉和含药血清可松弛正常豚鼠离体气管平滑肌,对抗磷酸组织胺引起的豚鼠离体气管平滑肌痉挛性收缩;表明感咳平胶囊具有平喘作用.     

湖北贝母总生物碱平喘作用及其机理的研究

目的 研究湖北贝母总生物碱对豚鼠的平喘作用及其机理.方法 采用豚鼠整体动物引喘和豚鼠离体气管螺旋条的实验方法,分别研究湖北贝母总生物碱对乙酰胆碱-组胺(Ach-Histamine)整体动物的平喘作用、对离体气管平滑肌基础张力的影响及对各种致痉剂收缩气管平滑肌的抑制作用.结果 湖北贝母总生物碱在4 mg/kg剂量下灌胃给药1 h后,能明显延长Ach-Histamine所致豚鼠哮喘的引喘潜伏期,表现出良好的平喘效应;对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的基础张力无显著影响;对Histamine和5-HT引起的收缩也无明显的抑制作用;但对于Ach引起的收缩,湖北贝母总生物碱在2.5 mg/L的浓度时即呈现出显著的抑制作用(P<0.01),对20 μmol/ L Ach的IC50为13.130 4 mg /L;湖北贝母总生物碱可使Ach量效累积曲线向右平移,而最大效应不降低.结论 湖北贝母总生物碱对豚鼠具有较强的平喘作用,其机理可能与竞争性拮抗气管平滑肌M受体从而扩张气管平滑肌作用有关.     

喘息定药效学研究

目的观察喘息定的抗炎平喘作用。方法选用小鼠耳廓肿胀,醋酸所致腹腔毛细血管通透性模型,豚鼠喷雾引喘法,豚鼠肺支气管灌流实验。结果88g/kg对耳廓肿胀有显著的抗炎作用(P＜0.05);88g/kg对醋酸所致腹腔毛细血管通透性具有极显著的抑制作用(P＜0.01);44g/kg对醋酸所致腹腔毛细血管通透性具有显著的抑制作用(P＜0.05);34.4g/kg,17.2g/kg对整体豚鼠引喘可极明显地延长潜伏期(P＜0.01);8.6g/kg可明显地延长潜伏期(P＜0.05)。3个剂量组对豚鼠肺支气管灌流都具有明显的增加作用(除小剂量第8分钟由于离散度太大而没有明显差异,但从均数上仍可看出差异)。结论喘息定具有抗炎平喘作用     

桑白皮黄酮平喘作用实验研究

目的 研究桑白皮黄酮平喘作用.方法 采用小鼠离体肺支气管灌流法,考察药物离体条件下拮抗乙酰胆碱的作用;采用豚鼠组胺和乙酰胆碱雾化引喘模型、豚鼠卵蛋白引喘模型,以引喘潜伏期、血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)和6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-keto-PGF1α)含量为评价指标,并对哮喘豚鼠肺组织进行病理检查,研究桑白皮黄酮的平喘作用.结果 桑白皮黄酮拮抗乙酰胆碱对小鼠肺支气管的收缩作用,延长组胺、乙酰胆碱引喘潜伏期和豚鼠卵蛋白性哮喘潜伏期,降低哮喘豚鼠嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)的浸润,但对哮喘豚鼠血浆中TXB2和6-keto-PGF1α水平的影响未统计出显著性.结论 桑白皮黄酮具有一定平喘作用.     

小儿抗病毒颗粒药效学研究

目的观察小儿抗病毒颗粒的解热祛痰、镇咳平喘作用。方法采用干酵母致热造模法观察小儿抗病毒颗粒对大鼠的解热作用,给药剂量分别为4.18、2.09、1.05 g/kg,每天ig给药1次,连续3 d,末次给药后sc干酵母混合溶液,4～8 h后测大鼠体温。采用酚红比色法观察其对小鼠的祛痰作用,给药剂量分别为5.22、2.61、1.31 g/kg,每天ig给药2次,连续7 d,末次给药1 h后进行检测。采用氨水吸入引咳法观察其对小鼠的镇咳作用,给药剂量同祛痰实验,每天ig给药2次,连续3 d,观察潜伏期和咳嗽次数。采用雾化乙酰胆碱吸入引喘法进行豚鼠平喘试验,给药剂量分别为3.65、1.83、0.914 g/kg,每天给药2次,连续3 d,测定引喘潜伏期。结果小儿抗病毒颗粒能使小鼠气管酚红的分泌量增加(P<0.05);显著抑制由干酵母引发的大鼠发热反应(P<0.05)及小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期延长(P<0.05);使豚鼠哮喘潜伏期显著延长(P<0.05)。结论小儿抗病毒颗粒具有明显的解热祛痰、镇咳平喘作用。     

小叶枇杷挥发油的平喘作用及其机制研究

目的：研究小叶枇杷挥发油(RMVO)的平喘作用及其机理。方法：采用豚鼠离体气管、离体肺．支气管及His、Ach混合液雾化引喘和卵清蛋白复制的豚鼠哮喘模型进行实验。结果：RMVO能直接松弛豚鼠离体气管平滑肌，对His、Ach收缩离体气管平滑肌、减少肺-支气管灌流液的作用有明显对抗作用；使His、Ach诱导的及卵清蛋白复制的哮喘豚鼠潜伏期延长，哮喘豚鼠减少；并使哮喘模型豚鼠降低的血浆cAMP含量显增加。结论：RMVO具有明显的平喘作用，其机制可能与升高哮喘模型豚鼠异常降低的血浆cAMP水平有关。     

平喘滴丸药效学实验研究

目的：观察平喘滴丸的平喘、镇咳、祛痰和抗过敏等药理作用。方法：采用小鼠耳肿胀法，观察平喘滴丸的抗炎作用；采用豚鼠氨水引喘法和气道酚红排泄法观察平喘滴丸的镇咳、祛姨作用；采用豚鼠离体气管平滑肌试验，观察平喘滴丸对支气管平滑肌扩张作用；采用组胺一乙酰胆碱对豚鼠的引喘作用，观察平喘滴丸的平喘作用。结果：平喘滴丸能延长小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期，减少咳嗽次数；能减轻二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀率；能促进小鼠气道酚红分泌，对抗乙酰胆碱所致豚鼠离体气管平滑肌痉挛；能延长组胺一乙酰胆碱所致豚鼠呼吸抑制和痉挛抽搐时间。结论：综上结果表明，平喘滴丸具有支气管扩张、镇咳、祛痰、平喘的作用。     

风叶止咳口服液止咳、平喘、化痰的实验研究

目的:探讨风叶止咳口服液止咳、平喘、化痰、抗炎的功能。方法:采用小鼠氨水引咳法及豚鼠枸橼酸引咳实验,观察风叶止咳口服液的止咳作用;采用在体豚鼠喷雾致喘法及离体豚鼠气管螺旋条实验,观察平喘效果;采用小鼠酚红排泌实验及大鼠毛细管排痰实验,观察祛痰作用;采用小鼠耳壳肿胀法实验,观察抗炎作用。结果:1)风叶止咳口服液能显著延长小鼠(豚鼠)浓氨水(枸橼酸)引咳的潜伏期,减少咳嗽次数;2)可有效促进小鼠气管酚红排泌,增加大鼠毛细管排痰量,有明显祛痰作用;3)对组胺引起的豚鼠离体气管平滑肌痉挛有显著解痉作用,且减轻乙酰胆碱和组胺所致豚鼠呼吸困难,并延长引喘潜伏期;4)对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓炎症有明显抑制作用。结论:风叶止咳口服液具有良好的止咳、平喘、化痰、抗炎作用。     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用

目的::研究七味红花殊胜敬对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用.方法:在大鼠肝缺血再灌注模型上,观察七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤引起的血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化.结果:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠血清MDA、SOD、GSH与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05),NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05).结论:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠急性缺血再灌注肝损伤具有保护作用.     

Methodology of Canine/Feline YNSA and Tail Acupuncture

BackgroundYamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) is a well-known acupuncture system for human patients which was developed by Dr. Yamamoto.ObjectiveMy aim was to transpose the human YNSA map onto canines and felines.MethodI started researching a canine/feline YNSA map in 2002. I investigated approximately 3,000 canines and felines for YNSA and 2,500 for Tail Acupuncture. The ratio of canines and felines was 6 to 4. I researched and found all the equivalent points by palpating animal patients on the basis of an exact Neck Diagnosis.ResultsI nearly completed the map in 2006. The points in the occipital region are incomplete and my research is still in progress. In the process of researching canine/feline YNSA points, I accidentally found the other microsystems around the tail and named it “Tail Acupuncture”.ConclusionsYNSA and Tail Acupuncture are acupuncture systems utilizing microsystems and support each other in canines and felines. The merits of YNSA and Tail Acupuncture are 1) immediate effects, such as in cases of lameness, 2) simplicity in finding the exact points to treat and 3) the scalp and the tail can be utilized separately or together as treatment zones, according to the situation.     

Chinesische Orthopädie: Teil 1: Die Zukunft der Akupunktur in der Postmoderne

The locomotor system is one of the major fields of application for acupuncture. The results of the large acupuncture studies funded by German Health Insurances from 2000 until 2006 are impressive and repressive: they restrict acupuncture application by allocation of reimbursement and create the necessity of reorientation, since acupuncture can neither be adequately described nor prescribed solely on the basis of disease entities. Regarding these disease entities, it seems rather necessary to analyse the layers of problems and formulate a hierarchy of therapeutic goals instead. Only in this way the effects of acupuncture, related techniques and further therapeutic modalities can be matched with the set of objectives. The article presents general principles and follows their application from biological aspects to implications for the locomotor system and consequences for the application of physical therapy. The manual of acupuncture focuses on therapeutic effects and objectives first, and then goes on to sketch simple therapeutic strategies and finally complex approaches within acupuncture. These may encompass acupuncture, microsystem acupuncture and complex therapeutic modes.     

Patientin mit chronisch rezidivierenden Gelenks- und Wirbelsäulenschmerzen

Background

Acupuncture as a regulative therapy is well-suited for the treatment of functional, reversible disorders. Additionally, the WHO recommends its application for pain therapy in cases of arthritis and back pain due to various causes. This case study should clarify which paths to take in the case of a multi-morbid patient suffering from chronic pains due to polyarthrosis.

Objective

Pain reduction and improvement of quality of life as well as improvement of sleep quality.

Methods

Annual treatment series consisting of 10 sessions each, one session per week.

Results

short-term pain reduction before undergoing endoprosthetic surgery; considerable improvement of general status and sleep.

Conclusions

Acupuncture may bring temporal relief in cases of chronic pain due to osteoarthritis and should therefore be applied in combination with western medicine. Acupuncture is particularly well-suited to treat the co-emergent vegetative symptoms.     

Fallbericht: Patientin mit Schlafstörung

Background

Since the onset of her menopause about ten years ago, a sixty-year old patient has been suffering from hot flashes and sleep disorders causing her to become increasingly anxious and nervous. As the patient's mother had died of breast cancer, substitution of hormones was not advisable. Relaxation methods such as Yoga and Autogenic Training could only mildly alleviate the symptoms.

Objective

To effectively treat the sleep disorder, improve quality of life, lessen frequency and severity of hot flashes

Methods

Weekly sessions with ear- and body acupuncture for ten weeks

Results

After the third acupuncture session the patient reported a decrease of nightly waking episodes but suffered from acute pain in the neck as well as shoulder region. After nine therapy sessions, the patient reported a 50% decrease of nightly waking episodes. The hot flashes, however, remained unchanged.

Discussion

In this case, acupuncture significantly improved the patient's sleeping disorder. It also reduced the symptoms of anxiety and nervousness. Other menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and dryness of mucous tissues, could not be influenced.     

常见证候荷瘤小鼠神经内分泌免疫组织基因转录的总体特征

目的揭示常见证候荷瘤小鼠神经-内分泌-免疫组织基因转录的总体特征。方法采用小鼠标准化四诊及辨证方法，及Gene Chip Mouse Exon1．0ST Array等技术，检测H22荷瘤小鼠早期邪毒壅盛（邪毒）和气虚、中期阳气虚、中晚期气阴阳虚等4个常见证候下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺、睾丸、脾脏、胸腺、肿瘤RNA的转录与剪接。结果正常昆明种雄性小鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺RNA电泳的28S峰低于18S，而睾丸、脾脏、胸腺、肿瘤相反。肿瘤发生的早期，下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺基因表达模式发生显著改变，邪毒尤甚，出现了失代偿。下丘脑28SRNA迅速抬升并持续，气虚强于邪毒。垂体RNA总量降低，28S陡降，邪毒尤甚。肾上腺RNA电泳特征类似垂体，气虚与邪毒相近，中晚期气阴阳虚尤甚。睾丸变化不明显。随着病情发展，脾脏重量持续增加，而胸腺相反，重量持续下降，蛋白合成和糖代谢下降。肿瘤组织蛋白合成与糖代谢，邪毒大于气虚。以上7个组织与正常对照组相比，有9127个基因表达发生差异、51126个外显子剪接发生差异。结论神经-内分泌-免疫网络组织基因转录的差异是荷瘤小鼠不同证候内在重要的物质基础。