Expression of airway mucus-associated proteins in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a cold-dryness symptom pattern

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the effects on expression of airway mucus-associated proteins in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and a cold-dryness symptom pattern induced by elastase and smoking.METHODS: The COPD model was established with an elastase dose into the trachea combined with exposure to smoking; the COPD model cold-dryness symptom pattern was further developed by exposure to a cold, dry environment. After 90 days,pathologic lung sections, inflammatory cytokine levels(measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), m RNA and protein expression of mucus-associated proteins and aquaporins(measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots) were examined.RESULTS: Cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the COPD and the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD groups were all significantly higher than in controls(each P 0.01). IL-6 and IL-8 levels were higher in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group than in the COPD group(each P 0.05). The AQP5 m RNA expression in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD and COPD groups was lower than in the control group(P 0.01), and that in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group was lower than the COPD group(P 0.05). The expression of MUC5 AC and MUC5 B m RNAs in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group and COPD group was higher than in the control group(each P 0.01), and that in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group was higher than the COPD group(P 0.01, and P 0.05, respectively).The ratio of MUC5 AC m RNA/MUC5 B m RNA was COPD group the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group the control group. AQP4 and AQP5 protein expression in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group was lower than that in the COPD group which was lower again than in the control group. MUC5 AC and MUC5 B expression in the cold-dryness symptom pattern COPD group was higher than in the COPD group and higher again than in the control group.CONCLUSION: Cold-dryness affects the expression of mucus-associated protein m RNA and its corresponding proteins, reducing the secretion of aquaporins and increasing the secretion of mucins. Imbalance in aquaporins and mucins can affect the function of mucus, increasing airway obstruction.     

Effect of Yiqibushenhuoxue decoction on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease measured by St. George＇s respiratory disease questionnaire scores and forced expiratory volume

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of Yiqibushenhuoxue decoction on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） by observing its influences on patients＇ quality of life and airway inflammation.METHODS： Seventy patients with stable COPD were randomly divided into a treatment group（n=35） treated with Yiqibushenhuoxue decoction plus Seretide and a control group（n=35） treated with Seretide only.The dosage of Yiqibushenhuoxue decoction was 100 mL each time, twice a day, and the dosage of Seretide was salmeterol 50 μg/fluticasone 250 μg twice a day. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Before and after the treatment, St George＇s respiratory disease questionnaire（SGRQ）scores,forced expiratory volume,and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity（FEV1/FVC）were measured.RESULTS：The SGRQ scores in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（P〈0.05）. After treatment, the total SGRQ scores and each subscore in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The percentage of the predicted FEV1% and FEV1/FVC were higher in both groups, but no statistical differences were detected from before to after the treatment or between the two groups（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION： Yiqibushenhuoxue decoction could significantly decrease the SGRQ scores in patients with stable COPD, which suggests that it is able to improve patient symptoms.     

Regulatory Effect of Electroacupuncture on Ceramide Galactosyltransferase Expression in Sciatic Nerve of Experimental Diabetic Rats简

Objective： To observe the change of ceramide galactosyltransferase（CGT） expression in sciatic nerve of experimental diabetic rats after electroacupuncture（EA） treatment. Methods： The rat model of diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN） was established with Streptozotocin（STZ）. Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an EA acupoint group, and an EA non-acupoint group, with 7 rats in each group. Acupuncture on points Shenshu（BL 23） and Zusanli（ST 36） was performed in the EA group using EA electronic device with continuous wave, 2 Hz, 20 min every time, once every other day for 12 times. Acupuncture（on the tip of rat tail） in EA non-acupoint group was performed with the same electronic parameters and time. The model group and the normal group were not given any treatment, except the same fixation as that in the EA acupoint group. After 12 treatments, the albumen and mRNA expressions of CGT of sciatic nerve in rats from each group were measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）, fluorescence quantitative PCR（FQ-PCR） and immunohistochemical methods. Results： After modeling, the CGT expression was significantly lower than that in the normal group（P〈0.01）; however, after 12 EA treatments, the CGT positive cells in the EA acupoint group were up-regulated and significantly higher than those in the EA non-acupoint group and the model group（P〈0.01）. The CGT mRNA expression of the rats after modeling was also higher than that of the normal rats（P〈0.01）, and the expression in the EA acupoint group was significantly lower than those in the model group and the EA non-acupoint group（P〈0.01, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： EA treatment with acupoints displays some therapeutic or preventive effect in the recovery of DPN via reversing the abnormal expression of CGT mRNA in sciatic nerves of experimental diabetic neuropathy rats, and it is worthy of further study.     

Effects of Bushen Huoxue formula on the learning and memory function and the cerebral neurotransmitters in diabetic mice

Objective： To observe the effects of Bushen Huoxue Formula （Formula for reinforcing the kidney and activating blood circulation） on the learning and memory function and the cerebral neurotransmitters in diabetic mice. Methods： Forty ICR mice were randomized into the normal control group, model group, Nimotop group and Chinese medicine group, 10 mice in each group. Tail intravenous injection of alloxan was applied to prepare diabetic model. Four weeks later, intragastric administration of Bushen Huoxue Formula for the Chinese medicine group, Nimotop for the Nimotop group, and isometric distilled water for the other two groups were respectively given for 8 weeks. The changes in the blood sugar level were observed; the learning and memory function was detected by Morris labyrinth test; and the contents of norepinephrine （NE）, dopamine （DA）, 5-hydroxyltryptamine （5-HT） and 5-hydroxyl indole acetic acid （5-HIAA） in cerebral cortex were determined in mice of all the groups. Results： The blood sugar levels in the diabetic model mice significantly increased as compared with those of the normal control group determined 72 h and 12 weeks later （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Latencies for Morris labyrinth test in the Nimotop group and the Chinese medicine group were significantly shortened as compared with that in the model group （P〈0.01）. The contents of cortical NE in the Chinese medicine group was significantly higher than that in the model group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Bushen Huoxue Formula can improve the learning and memory function in the diabetic mice, and the mechanism is possibly related with change of the cortical NE content.     

Use of Xinfeng capsule to treat abarticular pathologic changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

OBJECTIVE： To observe the influence of Xinfengcapsule（XFC） on abarticular pathologic changes（APCs） and other indices of patients with rheumatoid arthritis（RA） and explore the mechanism of action of XFC in improving such changes.METHODS： Three-hundred RA patients were divided randomly into a treatment group（n=150） and control group（n=150）. A normal control（NC）group（n=90） was also created. Changes in cardiac function, pulmonary function, anemia indices and platelet parameters of RA patients were measured.Curative effects of the two groups were compared,and comparison carried out with the NC group.RESULTS： In 300 RA patients, late diastolic peak flow velocity（A peak） was much higher（P〈0.01）and early diastolic peak flow velocity（E peak）, E/A,and left ventricular fraction shortening much lower（P〈0.01） than those in the NC group. Vital capacity（VC）, forced vital capacity in one second, forced vital capacity（FVC）, maximal voluntary ventilation（MVV）, maximal expiratory flow in 50% of VC（FEF50） and FEF75 were lowered remarkably（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Platelet count（PLT）, plateletcrit（PCT） and mean platelet volume（MPV） increased markedly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and hemoglobin（Hb）level decreased significantly（P〈0.05）. After XFC treatment, the A peak and PLT and PCT were much lower（P〈0.05）, and E/A and the number of red blood cells as well as Hb level were much higher（P〈0.05）, as were FVC, MVV and FEF50（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, in the treatment group than those in the NC group. Total score of pain and swelling in joints,uric-acid level and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level were much lower, and superoxide dismutase level as well as the number of CD4 ＋CD25＋ regulation T cells（Treg） and CD4＋CD25＋CD127- Treg were much higher（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）in the treatment group than those in the NC group.CONCLUSION： RA patients with pathologic changes in joints also suffer from lower cardiac and pulmon     

Experimental study on mechanical vibration massage for treatment of brachial plexus injury in rats

Objective： To investigate the curative effect of the self-made mechanical vibration massage instrument for treatment of brachial plexus injury in rats and to explore its mechanism. Methods： Brachial plexus injury models were made in 144 Wistar rats and one week after natural healing of the wound, they were randomly divided into 3 groups, mechanical vibration treatment group （MV group）, nerve growth factor treatment group （NGF group） and model group, 48 rats in each group. Then again, the each group was randomly divided into 4 subgroups, 7-day group, 14-day group, 21-day group and 28-day group, 12 rats in each subgroup. The MV group were treated by mechanical vibration at acupoints on three-yang and three-yin channels of the hand with the mechanical vibration massage instrument; The NGF group were treated with injection of NGF into musculus pectoralis major on the affected side; And the model group were normally fed with no treatment. After treatment for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, the diameter of both forelimbs were measured, the electrophysiological examination on the brachial plexus in vitro and the ultrastructure observation with electron microscope on the affected side were carried out, the motor nerve conduction velocity （MNCV） and motor nerve action potential （MNAP） of the brachial plexus on the affected side, NGF content of submaxillary gland as well as muscular Na＋, K＋-ATPase activity were determined respectively. Results： The different rates of the forelimb diameter in the MV group and the NGV group on the 14th d, 21st d and 28th d were better than those in the model group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.001）, and in the MV group were better than those in the NGF group on the 21st d and the 28th d （P〈0.05）. MNCV in the MV group and the NGV group on the 21st d and 28th d was better than that in the model group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.001）, and in the MV group was better than that in the NGF group on the 28th d （P〈0.05）. MNAP in the MV group and the NGV group on the 14th d, 21st d and 28th d was better than that in the model group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.001）, and in the MV group was better than that in the NGF group on the 21st d and 28th d （P〈0.05）. The NGF mean gray index of submaxillary gland in the model group was higher than that in the MV group and the NGF group on the 7th d （P〈0.05）; in the NGF group and the model group was higher than that in the MV group on the 14th d （P〈0.05）; and in the NGF group and the MV group was higher than that in the model group on the 21st d and 28th d （P〈0.05）. Na^＋, K^＋-ATPase activity in the model group and the MV group was higher than that in the NGF group （P〈0.05） on the 14th d, and in the MV group was higher than that in the model group on the 28th d （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： As compared with the NGF group and the model group, mechanical vibration treatment can effectively accelerate repair of injured brachial plexus, slow down atrophy of skeletal muscle, and promote secretion of NGF in submaxillary gland.     

Effects of Blood-Activating and Stasis-Removing Drugs Combined with VEGF Gene Transfer on Angiogenesis in Ischemic Necrosis of the Femoral Head

Objective： To observe the promoting effects of blood-activating and stasis-removing Chinese drugs combined with vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） gene transfer on angiogenesis in ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. Methods： Forty Japanese giant-ear rabbits were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a Chinese drug group, a gene group, and a combined group. After 8 weeks of treatment, the rate of VEGF positive cell expression in the synovium of the femoral head was measured using the immunohistochemical method, and the number of blood vessels in the femoral head was measured by digital subtraction angiography. Results： The rate of VEGF positive cell expression in the model group was significantly lower than that in the Chinese drug group （P〈0.05） and very significantly lower than those in other groups （P〈0.01）; but in the combined group it was significantly higher than in the Chinese drug group （P〈0.05）. The differences in the number of blood vessels in area A between the model group and other groups were not statistically significant. However, in area B, the number of blood vessels significantly increased in the control group, the gene group and the combined group as compared with the model group （P〈0.05）, and in the combined group the number of blood vessels was significantly more than in the gene group （P〈0.05）; but in the Chinese drug group it was not significantly different than the model group （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Either the blood-activating and stasis-removing Chinese drugs or VEGF gene transfer can promote the angiogenesis and building of collateral circulation for femoral head ischemic necrosis, and the combined therapy with Chinese drugs or VEGF gene transfer may show a better therapeutic effect. The present study provides an experimental basis for clinical application of the combined therapy with the blood-activating and stasis-removing Chinese drugs and VEGF gene transfer.     

Effects of Acupuncture at 7-9 am and 3-5 pm on Plasma Thromboxane and Prostaglandin in Patients with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

Objective：To observe the effects of acupuncture at different times on plasma thromboxane（TXB2） and prostaglandin 6-Keto-PGF1a（6-K-P） in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods：Totally 90 patients were randomly divided into a group acupunctured at 7-9 am,a group acupunctured at 3-5 pm and a drug control group,with 30 cases in each group.The contents of plasma TXB2 and 6-K-P from venous blood before treatment were compared with those 15 days after treatment.Results：The plasma TXB2 levels of the two acupuncture groups were obviously lower than those before treatment（P〈0.05,P〈0.01） ,but the 6-K-P levels of both the acupuncture groups were remarkably higher than those before treatment（P〈0.05,P〈0.01） . And the TXB2 level in the 3-5 pm acupuncture group was obviously lower than that in the 7-9 am acupuncture group（P〈0.05） ,and the 6-K-P level of the former was obviously higher than that of the latter（P〈0.05） .Conclusion：Acupuncture can promote functional recovery in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and enhance their survival quality.     

Effects of Yishenjiangzhuo granules on immunity and bone metabo- lism in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease

OBJECTIVE： To determine the effects of Yishenjiangzhuo granules（YJG） on bone metabolism and to explore the changes in levels of bone Gla protein（BGP）, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase（TRAP）,as well as their relationships with levels of B cells,regulatory T cells（Treg） and interleukin（IL）-17 in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease（CKD） before and after treatment.METHODS： Fifty-three stage 3-4 CKD patients were divided randomly into two groups： YJG treatment and control. Peripheral blood was taken from two groups of CKD patients and 21 healthy subjects in the normal group. The parameters determined were the levels of CD4＋, CD19＋, CD19＋CD69＋,CD19＋AV, Treg（CD4＋CD25＋CD127lo）, BGP, TRAP,IL-17, calcium, phosphate, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine（SCr）, hemoglobin（Hb） in peripheral blood, and urinary creatinine. Calcium-phosphate products and endogenous creatinine clearance rate（CCr） were calculated according to standard protocols.RESULTS： In YJG and control groups, SCr levels were lowered（P0.01） after treatment, whereas CCr（P0.05） as well as Hb and albumin levels（P0.01） were increased. The changes in levels of CCr and SCr in the YJG group were more significant. After treatment, CD19＋CD69＋ and Treg levels in the two groups varied（P0.01） compared with those of the normal group; the level of CD19＋ increased but the levels of CD4＋ and CD19＋AV decreased（P0.01） in both groups. Compared with the control group, the changes of CD19＋ and CD19＋AV in the YJG group were more apparent（P0.05）. Compared with the normal group, levels of IL-17 in both groups increased significantly（P0.01）, and the difference in the control group was more significant（P0.05）. After treatment, the TRAP level increased（P0.05）, but the difference in BGP level（P0.05）was not significant.CONCLUSION： In stage 3-4 CKD patients, B cells and IL-17 participated in the induction of osteoclast activation.YJG could also elevate the level of B cells and decrease their apoptosis, but showed no significant effects on active B cells, IL-17 or osteoclast activity.     

Role of Combining Spreading Moxibustion and Point Injection in Reducing ECP and LPO Levels and Improving Lung Function简

Objective： To observe the effect of combining spreading moxibustion and point injection on serum eosinophil cationic protein（ECP）, lipid peroxidase（LPO） and cellular immunity in patients with cough-variant asthma. Methods： A total of 150 cases who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into three groups, 50 in each group. Spreading moxibustion and point injection were employed in the observation group, spreading moxibustion alone in the spreading moxibustion group and point injection alone in the point injection group. Then the therapeutic efficacies were evaluated after one course of treatment. Results： The recovery rate and total effective rate were 50.0% and 98.0% respectively in the observation group, versus 18.0% and 86.0% in the spreading moxibustion group and 14.0% and 82.0% in the point injection group, showing a statistically significant difference（P 〈 0.01）. Before treatment, there were no inter-group statistically significant differences in levels of ECP, LPO, CD3＋,CD4＋, CD4＋/CD8＋ and CD8＋, forced vital capacity（FCV）, forced expiratory volume 1（FEV1）, and peak expiratory flow（PEF）（P〉0.05）. After treatment, the ECP and LPO levels in the observation group were more significantly reduced than those in the other two groups, showing statistically significant difference（P〈0.01）; the levels of CD3＋, CD4＋ and CD4＋/CD8＋ in the observation group were significantly elevated but CD8＋ was significantly reduced, showing statistically significant differences compared with those in the other two groups（P〈0.01）; and the lung function indexes（FVC, FEV1 and PEF） in the observation group were more significantly elevated than those in the other two groups（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Combining spreading moxibustion and point injection could remarkably reduce the contents of ECP and LPO in patients with cough-variant asthma, improve cellular immunity, increase the contents of CD3＋, CD4＋ and CD4＋/CD8＋, reduce the content of CD8＋ and improve the lung function.     

Curative effect of Xuebijing injection on severe pulmonary contu- sion

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the curative effects of Xuebijing （XBJ） injection, a Chinese patent medi- cine, on severe pulmonary contusion （PC）. METHODS： Sixty-three patients with PC were ran- domized to conventional therapy plus XBJ injec- tion （n=33） or conventional therapy alone （n=30）. Between groups differences in corticosteroid treat- ment, immune regulation therapy, hemofiltration, infusion volume, transfusion volume and antibiotic period were measured, as were intensive care unit（ICU）-free time, ventilation time, 28-day mortality rate and incidence of ventilation-associated pneu- monia （VAP）. Serum concentrations of procalcito- nin （PCT）, tumor necrosis factor-a （TNF-a）, interleu- kin （IL）-6, and 11_-10, white blood cell （WBC） counts and percentages of human leukocyte antigen DR/ CD14＋ （HLA-DR/CD14＋） peripheral blood mononu- clear cells were compared. Markers of ventilation were determined by blood gas analysis and ventila- tor parameters. RESULTS： WBC counts and serum concentrations of PCT, TNF-a, 11.-6 and IL-10 were reduced signifi- cantly more quickly, and CD14＋ percentage was in- creased significantly earlier, in the XBJ group than in the control group （P〈0.05 each）. The level of ven- tilation and oxygenation index were ameliorated earlier in the XBJ than in the control group （P〈 0.05）. XBJ treatment significantly reduced ICU-free time, ventilation time and incidence of VAP （P〈0.05 each）, but had no effect on 28-day mortality rate （P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION： XBJ treatment can shorten ICU-free and ventilation times and reduce the incidence of VAP, improving outcomes in patients with severe PC. XBJ may act by regulating inflammation and im- munity, alleviating systemic inflammatory response syndrome induced by trauma.     

Combinatorial effects of conception and governor vessel electroacu- puncture and human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on pathomorphologic lesion and cellular apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the combinatorial ef- fects of conception and governor vessel electroacu- puncture （EA） and human umbilical cord blood-de- rived mesenchymal stem cells （HUCB-MSCs） on pathomorphologic lesion and cellular apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS： With the HUCB-MSCs isolated, cultured and identified and the models of cerebral isch- emia-reperfusion established, the HUCB-MSCs of passage three were intracranially transplanted andthe EA at conception and governor vessels was ap- plied. The pathomorphologic lesion by hematoxy- lin-eosin staining and the cellular apoptosis by ter- minal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling method around the ischemic fo- cus were observed. RESULTS： The cultured adherent HUCB-MSCs ex- hibited a spindle shape and expressed MSC-specif- ic markers, with the cell purity and proliferation rate significantly increasing after the primary pas- sage. HE staining showed that there were no patho- logical changes observed in the sham surgery group. However, in the PBS transplantation group, degeneration and necrosis of a great number of nerve cells were seen. In both the HUCB-MSCs transplantation group and the HUCB-MSCs trans- plantation ＋ EA group, reparative changes of the pathomorphism of the tissue were found. Both combination treatment and simple MSCs treat- ment were able to improve the pathomorphorlogic lesion following cerebral ischemia and reduce the abnormal TUNEL-positive numbers, with former better than latter. CONCLUSION： HUCB-MSCs improve pathological lesions and inhibit the cellular apoptosis around the cerebral ischemic area. EA at conception and governor vessels also improve pathological lesion and inhibit the cellular apoptosis in rats treated with HUCB-MSCs transplantation, which effects were superior to that of simple HUCB-MSCs trans- plantation.     

王氏保赤丸治疗消化系统疾病概述

王氏保赤丸系根据清代道光年间通州著名中医王胪卿祖传九世秘方配制,并由其嫡孙王绵之教授监制的纯中药制剂。该药由大黄、黄连、制天南星、川贝母等组成。方中大黄苦寒,攻积导滞,泻火凉血,行瘀通经;黄连苦寒,清热燥湿,泻火解毒;制天南星苦凉,化痰熄风定惊;川贝母苦寒,化痰止咳,清热散结。王氏     

Effects of feeding tyrosine and phenylalanine on the accumulation of phenylethanoid glycosides to Cistanche deserticola cell suspension culture

AIM： To investigate the effects of feeding phenylalanine （Phe） and tyrosine （Tyr） on the accumulation of total phenolic compounds and four phenylethanoid glycosides （PeGs） to a cell suspension culture of the parasitic plant Cistanche deserticola.METHOD： A cell suspension culture of C. deserticola was established and precursors of different concentrations were fed. In each group, the cell was sampled at the 24^th day after inoculation. The content of total phenolic compounds and four PeGs compounds were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and an HPLC method, respectively.RESULTS： In the Phe fed cells, the maximum PeGs yield was achieved when Phe was fed at 1.5 mmol·L^-1 and the yield reached 1.13 times the control cell concentration. In the Tyr fed cells, the maximum yield of PeGs was 1.60 times of control when 0.75 mmol·L^-1 Tyr was fed to the cells. Furthermore, it was found that the salidroside yield was 4.01 times of control group when 5 mmol·L^-1 Tyr was fed.CONCLUSION： Tyr is a better precursor for PeGs accumulation compared with Phe, and the rate limiting enzymes might be involved in the Tyr branch.     

Capillary blood flow in patients with dysmenorrhea treated with acupuncture

OBJECTIVE; To observe capillary blood flow at acu- points during acupuncture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea and gain new insights into its anal- gesic mechanism. METHODS： Patients with primary dysmenorrhea were enrolled and randomly assigned to a treat- ment or control group. Subjects＇ symptoms were differentiated into various Traditional Chinese Medi- cine （TCM） syndromes and treated for 10 sessions with puncturing acupuncture or self-pressing right-hand Hegu （LI 4）, adding other acupoints based on syndrome. Laser speckle was used tocompare the change in the vasomotor amplitude and perfusion of the capillaries in Hegu （LI 4） be- fore and during the treatment. Each subject was re- quired to finish the period pain symptoms observa- tion form, verbal rating scales, numerical rating scale, pain rating index, face rating scale, Zung self-rating depression scale, Zung self-rating anxi- ety scale, and numerical rating scale before and af- ter treatments. RESULTS： After 10 sessions, the symptom scores, pain index （PI）, and visual analog scale （VAS） de- creased significantly in treatment group. The vol- ume of blood flow in Hegu （LI 4） declined slightly. No significant evidence supported that needling caused capillary contraction, but the capillary vaso- motor amplitude at Hegu （LI 4） increased remark- ably. CONCLUSION： Acupuncture can increase the capil- lary blood flow, thus promoting the flow of Qi and blood in terms of TCM theory, which facilitates pain relief.     

Therapeutic effect in patients with coronary heart disease based on information analysis from Traditional Chinese Medicine four diagnostic methods

OBJECTIVE： To study information gained by Tradi- tional Chinese Medicine（TCM） four diagnostic methods and characteristics of syndrome develop- ment before and after treatment in patients with coronary heart disease, and to probe into assess- ment indexes of therapeutic effects with distinctive TCM features. METHODS： Information from the four diagnostic methods before and after treatment in 100 patients with coronary heart disease was collected using the TCM interrogation scale, a pulse condition in- strument, a tongue-face diagnosis instrument, anda voice diagnosis information collection system. Changes in the four diagnostic method results from before and after treatment were analyzed with frequency analysis and t-test methods. RESULTS： Before treatment, deficiency syndrome complicated with hyperactivity of pathogenic fac- tors was most common. After treatment, deficiency syndrome was most common. This change from complex syndromes to single syndromes indicates disease and syndrome alleviation. Frequencies of symptoms gained by interrogation after treatment for syndrome of deficiency of heart-Qi, syndrome of deficiency of heart-Yin, and turbid phlegm syn- drome were all less severe than those before treat- ment. Parameters of face color, color on all sub-re- gions of tongue, color of tongue fur, septic and greasy fur, and lip color after treatment all had sig- nificant changes. After treatment, part of the voice diagnosis parameters in the deficiency of heart-Yin and turbid phlegm syndromes had significant changes, but no significant changes were found in the deficiency of heart-Qi syndrome. CONCLUSION： Use of the TCM four diagnostic methods can provide an effective basis forTCM syn- drome diagnosis, observation of development of state of illness, and evaluation of clinical therapeu- tic effects.     

Classification and reduction manipulation of fractures in Chinese traditional Mongolian osteopathy

OBJECTIVE： To explore the concept of classifica- tion and reduction manipulation of fractures in Chi- nese traditional Mongolian osteopathy. METHODS： Based on the linear classification of fractures in Chinese traditional Mongolian osteopa- thy and the practice of reduction manipulation, a dynamic classification and reduction manipulation concept of fractures was established with the use of modern biomechanical principles and methods. RESULTS： We classified the linear classification and reduction manipulation of fractures in Chinese tra- ditional Mongolian osteopathy based on the achievement of fracture line and used the cause of the formation of the fracture line for our dynamic classification and reduction manipulation of frac- tures concept.CONCLUSION： The etiology of the formation of fracture lines can be used to decrease diagnostic er- ror, increase therapeutic effects of manipulation, and further provide a new concept and method for the development of the reduction concept of frac- tures.