贵州虎耳草的质量对比研究

目的:采用高效液相色谱法测定贵州虎耳草中没食子酸的含量,并结合虎耳草现行质量标准对贵州虎耳草品质进行对比研究,为虎耳草质量控制方法的提升和GAP规范化种植提供一定的技术依据。方法:采用HPLC法分别对虎耳草中没食子酸、岩白菜素的含量进行测定。结果:贵州各地虎耳草药材中岩白菜素明显高于现行质量标准中最低含量限度0.080%,没食子酸的平均含量为0.121%,不同采收期、不同产地加工方法的虎耳草药材中没食子酸和岩白菜素含量均具有一定差异。结论:该研究运用多种成分指标来综合判断虎耳草质量,为虎耳草质量控制方法的提升和GAP规范化种植提供了一定的技术依据。     

HPLC法测定不同产地与采收期虎耳草中岩白菜素的含量

虎耳草系虎耳草科植物虎耳草的全草。具有消炎、解毒之功能。用于治疗急性中耳炎、风热咳嗽等疾病;外治大泡性鼓膜炎,风疹瘙痒[1] 。其主要成分有岩白菜素(bergenin)、槲皮素 3 鼠李糖苷(quercitrin)、槲皮素、原儿茶酸、没食子酸、琥珀酸、反甲基丁烯二酸等[2 ] 。我们参照文献[3,4 ]对其主要成分之一的岩白菜素建立高效液相色谱法,对不同产地及不同采收季节的虎耳草进行考察,为虎耳草的进一步开发研究提供依据。1　仪器与试药....     

HPLC法测定西藏不同产地虎耳草中虎耳草素含量

目的:建立西藏产虎耳草中绿原酸、槲皮素和虎耳草素含量的测定方法,为西藏虎耳草资源收集、保护及开发利用提供依据。方法:采用超声辅助提取、HPLC法测定,色谱柱为AglentSB-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)分析柱,虎耳草素以乙腈(A)∶0.1%磷酸溶液(B)为流动相,检测波长275nm,流速1mL·min~(-1),柱温30℃。结果:虎耳草中虎耳草素含量在0.831～106.42μg·mL~(-1)质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为93.21%,RSD为2.4%。结论:该方法简便、快速、准确,可用于对西藏虎耳草中3种主要成分的含量进行测定;不同种虎耳草素含量差别较大,同一种不同海拔、不同采集时间含量也存在差异。     

虎耳草的薄层色谱鉴别及水分、灰分、浸出物测定

目的:为建立虎耳草药材质量标准提供实验数据。方法:采用薄层色谱法鉴别虎耳草中岩白菜素,并对虎耳草的水分、灰分、浸出物含量进行测定。结果:薄层鉴别能检出岩白菜素的斑点,且斑点清晰,虎耳草药材含水量均不超过12%,总灰分不高于20%,酸不溶性灰分不高于9%,醇溶性浸出物量不低于5%。结论:该方法简单、准确、重复性好,可为建立虎耳草药材质量标准提供科学实验数据。     

苗药虎耳草的HPLC指纹图谱及5种成分的测定研究

目的建立苗药虎耳草药材的HPLC指纹图谱及5种成分定量测定方法,为虎耳草质量控制提供参考。方法采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸水溶液(B)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 m L/min,检测波长254 nm,柱温35℃。对21批不同产地的虎耳草建立HPLC指纹图谱,采用国家药典委员会"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A)"对结果进行分析处理,并选取主要成分建立多指标测定方法。结果指纹图谱研究所建立的方法结果良好。21批不同产地虎耳草的HPLC指纹图谱中,确定11个共有峰,并指认了其中5个色谱峰,分别是原儿茶酸、没食子酸、岩白菜素、槲皮素-5-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷和槲皮苷,21批虎耳草药材与对照药材的相似度差异较大。将5个指认成分作为主成分建立多指标测定方法,其线性关系良好,范围分别为0.052 8~0.844 8、0.020 96~0.335 36、0.241 6~3.865 6、0.130 8~2.092 8和0.023 68~0.378 88μg;5种成分的回收率分别为96.64%、100.72%、96.62%、103.71%、96.75%,RSD均小于2%。21批药材中5种成分的质量分数分别在0.07~0.40、0.19~4.36、1.42~5.98、0.42~6.86、0.11~1.51 mg/g。结论所建立的方法简便可靠、耐用性好,可作为虎耳草药材质量控制方法。     

胆清胶囊的质量标准研究

目的:建立胆清胶囊中虎耳草的薄层色谱鉴别及虎耳草中岩白菜素的含量测定方法。方法:采用薄层色谱法对胆清胶囊中虎耳草进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法测定虎耳草中岩白菜素的含量;色谱柱为Thermo C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相以乙腈为流动相A,以0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相B,采用梯度洗脱;流速1m L/min;柱温30℃;检测波长为275nm。结果:薄层色谱鉴别斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰;岩白菜素在0.05048μg~0.70666μg范围中线性关系良好,r=0.9993,平均回收率为98.01%,RSD为1.39%(n=6)。结论:所建立的方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于胆清胶囊中虎耳草鉴别和岩白菜素的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定篦齿虎耳草及其近缘品种中金丝桃苷的含量

目的 建立常用藏药“松蒂”药材主流品种篦齿虎耳草Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata（Marquand et Shaw）J. T. Pan中金丝桃苷的含量测定方法。测定“松蒂”药材相关基源植物共计15个样品,涉及虎耳草属8个种及变种中金丝桃苷含量,评价其药用合理性。比较高原藏区虎耳草品种和低海拔地区虎耳草品种中金丝桃苷含量,探讨高原藏区虎耳草品种和低海拔地区虎耳草品种的药用差异。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,使用Amethyst-C18-P（4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm）色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1 %磷酸水溶液（15∶85）为流动相,流速为1 mL·min-1,柱温35 ℃,在360 nm波长处测定金丝桃苷的含量。结果 3个篦齿虎耳草样品中金丝桃苷含量为0.02 %～0.03 %;其他品种虎耳草内均含有金丝桃苷,10个高原藏区样品中含量为0.02 %～0.86 %;2个低海拔地区样品含量分别为0.001 %和0.002 %。结论 该方法用于金丝桃苷含量测定,便捷、准确、重复性好,可用于“松蒂”药材的质量控制。藏区多种虎耳草属植物金丝桃苷含量不低于主流品种篦齿虎耳草的含量,作为“松蒂”药材基源植物具有一定的合理性。高原藏区虎耳草品种的金丝桃苷含量显著高于低海拔地区虎耳草品种的含量,一定程度上说明其药用差异的内在物质基础原因。     

虎耳草的化学成分研究

目的:研究虎耳草石油醚萃取部分和乙酸乙酯萃取部分的化学成分.方法:虎耳草全草用80％乙醇提取后,依次用石油醚,乙酸乙酯,正丁醇萃取,对石油醚萃取部分和乙酸乙酯萃取部分采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等手段进行分离、纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定.结果:从虎耳草的石油醚层和乙酸乙酯层分离得到10个化合物,分别为:β-谷甾醇(1),三十一烷醇(2),十八碳酸单甘油酯(3),胡萝卜苷(4),5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇(5),二十四烷酸(6),对-香豆酸(7),没食子酸(8),槲皮素(9),岩白菜素(10).结论:其中化合物2～7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

4种方法提取石榴皮中没食子酸的比较

目的:采用4种方法提取石榴皮中的没食子酸,测定其含量并作方法比较.方法:用超临界CO2萃取、超声提取、微波提取及浸渍提取等方法提取;用高效液相色谱法测定含量.结果:4种方法提取所得没食子酸的含量分别是0.396%、0.311%、0.271%和0.498%.结论:以甲醇作夹带剂的超临界CO2萃取法提取石榴皮中的没食子酸是一种提取效率较高的提取方法.     

HPLC法测定三效微型灌肠剂中没食子酸的含量

目的:测定三效微型灌肠剂中没食子酸的含量。方法:用反相高效液相色谱法,Shim-PackVP-ODS色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm),流动相为0.05%磷酸水溶液-甲醇(98∶2),检测波长215nm。结果:没食子酸进样量在0.1～2.0μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995);没食子酸的回收率为98.56%,RSD为2.58%(n=6)。结论:本方法灵敏度高、操作简便、结果准确,可用于三效微型灌肠剂中没食子酸的含量测定。     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用

目的::研究七味红花殊胜敬对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用.方法:在大鼠肝缺血再灌注模型上,观察七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤引起的血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化.结果:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠血清MDA、SOD、GSH与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05),NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05).结论:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠急性缺血再灌注肝损伤具有保护作用.     

Methodology of Canine/Feline YNSA and Tail Acupuncture

BackgroundYamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) is a well-known acupuncture system for human patients which was developed by Dr. Yamamoto.ObjectiveMy aim was to transpose the human YNSA map onto canines and felines.MethodI started researching a canine/feline YNSA map in 2002. I investigated approximately 3,000 canines and felines for YNSA and 2,500 for Tail Acupuncture. The ratio of canines and felines was 6 to 4. I researched and found all the equivalent points by palpating animal patients on the basis of an exact Neck Diagnosis.ResultsI nearly completed the map in 2006. The points in the occipital region are incomplete and my research is still in progress. In the process of researching canine/feline YNSA points, I accidentally found the other microsystems around the tail and named it “Tail Acupuncture”.ConclusionsYNSA and Tail Acupuncture are acupuncture systems utilizing microsystems and support each other in canines and felines. The merits of YNSA and Tail Acupuncture are 1) immediate effects, such as in cases of lameness, 2) simplicity in finding the exact points to treat and 3) the scalp and the tail can be utilized separately or together as treatment zones, according to the situation.     

Chinesische Orthopädie: Teil 1: Die Zukunft der Akupunktur in der Postmoderne

The locomotor system is one of the major fields of application for acupuncture. The results of the large acupuncture studies funded by German Health Insurances from 2000 until 2006 are impressive and repressive: they restrict acupuncture application by allocation of reimbursement and create the necessity of reorientation, since acupuncture can neither be adequately described nor prescribed solely on the basis of disease entities. Regarding these disease entities, it seems rather necessary to analyse the layers of problems and formulate a hierarchy of therapeutic goals instead. Only in this way the effects of acupuncture, related techniques and further therapeutic modalities can be matched with the set of objectives. The article presents general principles and follows their application from biological aspects to implications for the locomotor system and consequences for the application of physical therapy. The manual of acupuncture focuses on therapeutic effects and objectives first, and then goes on to sketch simple therapeutic strategies and finally complex approaches within acupuncture. These may encompass acupuncture, microsystem acupuncture and complex therapeutic modes.     

Fallbericht: Patientin mit Schlafstörung

Background

Since the onset of her menopause about ten years ago, a sixty-year old patient has been suffering from hot flashes and sleep disorders causing her to become increasingly anxious and nervous. As the patient's mother had died of breast cancer, substitution of hormones was not advisable. Relaxation methods such as Yoga and Autogenic Training could only mildly alleviate the symptoms.

Objective

To effectively treat the sleep disorder, improve quality of life, lessen frequency and severity of hot flashes

Methods

Weekly sessions with ear- and body acupuncture for ten weeks

Results

After the third acupuncture session the patient reported a decrease of nightly waking episodes but suffered from acute pain in the neck as well as shoulder region. After nine therapy sessions, the patient reported a 50% decrease of nightly waking episodes. The hot flashes, however, remained unchanged.

Discussion

In this case, acupuncture significantly improved the patient's sleeping disorder. It also reduced the symptoms of anxiety and nervousness. Other menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and dryness of mucous tissues, could not be influenced.     

Patientin mit chronisch rezidivierenden Gelenks- und Wirbelsäulenschmerzen

Background

Acupuncture as a regulative therapy is well-suited for the treatment of functional, reversible disorders. Additionally, the WHO recommends its application for pain therapy in cases of arthritis and back pain due to various causes. This case study should clarify which paths to take in the case of a multi-morbid patient suffering from chronic pains due to polyarthrosis.

Objective

Pain reduction and improvement of quality of life as well as improvement of sleep quality.

Methods

Annual treatment series consisting of 10 sessions each, one session per week.

Results

short-term pain reduction before undergoing endoprosthetic surgery; considerable improvement of general status and sleep.

Conclusions

Acupuncture may bring temporal relief in cases of chronic pain due to osteoarthritis and should therefore be applied in combination with western medicine. Acupuncture is particularly well-suited to treat the co-emergent vegetative symptoms.     

常见证候荷瘤小鼠神经内分泌免疫组织基因转录的总体特征

目的揭示常见证候荷瘤小鼠神经-内分泌-免疫组织基因转录的总体特征。方法采用小鼠标准化四诊及辨证方法，及Gene Chip Mouse Exon1．0ST Array等技术，检测H22荷瘤小鼠早期邪毒壅盛（邪毒）和气虚、中期阳气虚、中晚期气阴阳虚等4个常见证候下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺、睾丸、脾脏、胸腺、肿瘤RNA的转录与剪接。结果正常昆明种雄性小鼠下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺RNA电泳的28S峰低于18S，而睾丸、脾脏、胸腺、肿瘤相反。肿瘤发生的早期，下丘脑、垂体、肾上腺基因表达模式发生显著改变，邪毒尤甚，出现了失代偿。下丘脑28SRNA迅速抬升并持续，气虚强于邪毒。垂体RNA总量降低，28S陡降，邪毒尤甚。肾上腺RNA电泳特征类似垂体，气虚与邪毒相近，中晚期气阴阳虚尤甚。睾丸变化不明显。随着病情发展，脾脏重量持续增加，而胸腺相反，重量持续下降，蛋白合成和糖代谢下降。肿瘤组织蛋白合成与糖代谢，邪毒大于气虚。以上7个组织与正常对照组相比，有9127个基因表达发生差异、51126个外显子剪接发生差异。结论神经-内分泌-免疫网络组织基因转录的差异是荷瘤小鼠不同证候内在重要的物质基础。