首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
The effects of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Labiatae) (EOOG) on guinea pig ileum were studied. EOOG (0.1-1000 microg/ml) reversibly and concentration-dependently relaxed the basal tone of the ileum and reversed the tonic contractions induced by 60 mM KCl and 10 microM acetylcholine, with IC(50) values of 23.8+/-5.2, 18.6+/-4.0 and 70.0+/-4.6 microg/ml, respectively. Our results show that EOOG exerts relaxant effects on intestinal smooth muscle, consistent with the popular use of the plant to treat gastrointestinal disorders.  相似文献   

2.
The ethanolic extracts from fresh apical stems of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with IBA/BAP/Coco nucifera L. milk for 1, 2, 4 and 6 months were phytochemically and biologically investigated and compared with intact plant part and whole plant extracts. Results from the in vitro antiplasmodial testing indicated that the EtOH extract of a 1-month-old callus culture (IC(50) = 16.3 +/- 2.5 microg/ml) exhibited a higher activity than the ethanolic extracts of the fresh apical stem (IC(50) = 18.2 +/- 2.4 microg/ml) and callus cultures of 2-, 4- and 6-months-old (25 microg/ml < IC(50) < 40 microg/ml). These activities were however lower than that displayed by the ethanolic extract of the whole plant (IC(50) < 3 microg/ml). The EtOH extract of 1-month-old callus culture (the most active) was fractionated with solvents of different polarities. Its CH(2)Cl(2) fraction rich in terpenic constituents (IC(50) = 9.2 +/- 3.4 microg/ml) exhibited a higher antiplasmodial activity than its isoamylic alcohol fraction obtained at pH 2-3 (IC(50) = 25.6 +/- 2.3 microg/ml) rich in flavonoids. The activity of these two fractions was lower than that displayed by the same fractions from the whole plant (2 microg/ml < IC(50) < 3 microg/ml). Alkaloidic fractions from the whole plant and 1-month-old callus culture of fresh apical stem were considered as inactive (IC(50) > 100 microg/ml).  相似文献   

3.
The present study was undertaken to elucidate the mode of action of methanol extract from aerial parts of L. caulescens (TC-MELc) as spasmolytic agent on in vitro rat ileum test, and investigate the possible antibacterial activity of different extracts from the plant. TC-MELc induced a concentration-dependent (0.001 to 100microg/mL) antispasmodic effect on spontaneous contractions. TC-MELc also (IC50 11.2microg/mL) induced a marked depression on cumulative concentration-response curve for carbachol (Emax=2.3+/-0.3g vs. 0.66+/-0.1g) and serotonin (Emax=1.1+/-0.3g vs. -0.01+/-0.09g). Besides, extract decreased and displaced to the right KCl and CaCl2 concentration-response curves. Moreover, TC-MELc (11.2microg/mL) provoked a total relaxation when ileum strips were contracted with carbachol (1microM) in calcium-free Krebs solution. Pre-treatment with l-NAME (10microM) produced a significant change of the relaxant response and activity was markedly inhibited. Additionally, hexanic (HELc), dichloromethanic (DELc) and methanolic (MELc) extracts from aerial parts were studied to determine their antibacterial activity. DELc showed antibacterial activity on all bacterial strains assayed (相似文献   

4.
The effect of the alcoholic extract of the whole plant of Bacopa monniera (Scrophulariaceae) on morphine withdrawal was evaluated in vitro in guinea-pig ileum. After a 4 min in vitro exposure to morphine, addition of naloxone induced a strong contraction. Addition of various concentrations of the alcoholic extract of B. monniera (100-1000 microg/ml) 15 min before exposure to morphine reduced the naloxone-induced contraction in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that B. monniera extract may be useful in reducing the withdrawal symptoms induced by morphine.  相似文献   

5.
An aqueous decotion (dried extract), an 80% MeOH extract from Morinda morindoides leaves, and 10 flavonoids and 4 iridoids isolated from the 80% MeOH extract were evaluated in vitro for their potential antiamoebic activity and their cytotoxic effect against MT-4 cells. Results indicated that the aqueous decoction and the 80% MeOH extract exhibited an interesting antiamoebic activity with IC(50) values of 3.1 +/- 1.7 and 1.7 +/- 0.6 microg/ml, respectively. Apigenin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside exhibited a moderate antiamoebic activity with IC(50) values of 22.3 +/- 3.2 and 37.4 +/- 2.7 microg/ml, respectively. Kaempferol (IC(50) = 10.3 +/- 2.3 microg/ml), apigenin (IC(50) = 12.7 +/- 4.3 microg/ml), and luteolin (IC(50) = 17.8 +/- 4.3 microg/ml) showed a more pronounced activity than their corresponding glycosides. All tested iridoids displayed a very good activity with IC(50) values less than 10 microg/ml. The most active iridoids were epoxygaertneroside (IC(50) = 1.3 +/- 0.4 microg/ml) and methoxygaertneroside (IC(50) = 2.3. +/- 0.7), followed by gaertneroside and gaertneric acid with IC(50) values of 4.3 +/- 1.8 and 7.1 +/- 1.4 microg/ml, respectively. Except quercetin and quercetin-7,4'-dimethylether which have shown a cytotoxic effect with IC(50) ranging from 14 to 22 microg/ml. No correlation could be deduced between the observed antiamoebic and cytotoxic activity of these tested samples. A structure-activity relationship for isolated compounds is discussed. These findings support the medicinal report for the traditional use of Morinda morindoides leaves for the treatment of amoebiasis.  相似文献   

6.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Bacopa monniera Linn is described in the Ayurvedic Materia Medica, as a therapeutically useful herb for the treatment of inflammation. In the current study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Bacopa monniera (BME). For some experiments EtOAc and bacoside fractions were prepared from BME. The effect of these extracts in modulating key mediators of inflammation was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, rat mononuclear cells and human whole blood assay were employed as in vivo and in vitro models. RESULTS: In carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, BME brought about 82% edema inhibition at a dose of 100mg/kg i.p. when compared to indomethacin (INDO) (3mg/kg) that showed 70% edema inhibition. BME also significantly inhibited 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), 15-LOX and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activities in rat monocytes in vivo. Among the fractions tested in vitro, EtOAc fraction possessed significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity with IC(50) value of 30 microg/ml compared to butylated hydroxyl toluene (IC(50) = 13 microg/ml). This fraction also exerted significant hydroxyl radical scavenging activity with IC(50) value of 25 microg/ml in comparison with quercetin (IC(50) = 5 microg/ml). Inhibitory effects of EtOAc and bacoside fractions on LOX and COX activities in Ca-A23187 stimulated rat mononuclear cells were also assessed. 5-LOX IC(50) values were 25 microg/ml for EtOAc, 68 microg/ml for bacosides and 2 microg/ml for nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) where as COX-2 IC(50) values were 1.32 microg/ml for EtOAc, 1.19 microg/ml for bacoside fraction and 0.23 microg/ml for indomethacin. EtOAc and bacoside fractions also brought about significant decrease in TNF-alpha release ex vivo. CONCLUSION: Bacopa monniera possesses anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of COX and LOX and downregulation of TNF-alpha.  相似文献   

7.
The effects of Ferula asafoetida gum extract on the contractile responses of the isolated guinea-pig ileum induced by acetylcholine, histamine and KCl, and on the mean arterial blood pressure of rat were investigated. In the presence of extract (3 mg/ml), the average amplitude of spontaneous contractions of the isolated guinea-pig ileum was decreased to 54 +/- 7% of control. Exposure of the precontracted ileum by acetylcholine (10 microM) to Ferula asafoetida gum extract caused relaxation in a concentration-dependent manner. Similar relaxatory effect of the extract was observed on the precontracted ileum by histamine (10 microM) and KCl (28 mM). However, when the preparations were preincubated with indomethacin (100 nM) and different antagonists, such as propranolol (1 microM), atropine (100 nM), chlorpheniramine (25 nM) then were contracted with KCl, exposure to the extract (3 mg/ml) did not cause any relaxation. Furthermore, Ferula asafoetida gum extract (0.3-2.2 mg/100g body weight) significantly reduced the mean arterial blood pressure in anaesthetised rats. It might be concluded that the relaxant compounds in Ferula asafoetida gum extract interfere with a variety of muscarinic, adrenergic and histaminic receptor activities or with the mobilisation of calcium ions required for smooth muscle contraction non-specificly.  相似文献   

8.
Methanol, ethylacetate and aqueous extracts of Ruellia praetermissa initiated spontaneous contractions in the quiescent and increased contraction on the electrically stimulated ileal strip at a concentration of 30 microg/ml. The extracts produced concentration-related contractions both in amplitude and tone up till 750 microg/ml with IC(50) of 360 microg/ml (methanol extract), 425 microg/ml (ethylacetate extract) and 540 microg/ml (aqueous extract). Acetylcholine also produced a concentration-related (IC(50)=18 microg/ml) contractions of the isolated ileum. Atropine in concentrations of 3.4 x 10(-6)-3 x 10(-3) microg/ml antagonized progressively the response of the isolated ileum to acetylcholine (32 x 10(-2) microg/ml) and the methanol extract (650 microg/ml) induced contractions suggesting a mode of action via cholinergic system. Luteolin and apigenin and iridoid glucosides (taxiphilin and 8-epi-deoyganic acid) might be responsible at least in part for the observed effect.  相似文献   

9.
Glycyrrhizae Radix is used to treat abdominal pain as a component of Shakuyaku-kanzo-to, a traditional Chinese medicine formulation. We aim at clarifying the antispasmodic principles of Glycyrrhizae Radix, and consequently isolated glycycoumarin as a potent relaxant on the carbamylcholine (CCh)-induced contraction of mouse jejunum. In this paper we investigated the effects and the action mechanism of glycycoumarin on the contraction of mouse jejunum. Glycycoumarin inhibited the contraction induced by various types of stimulants, such as CCh, KCl, BaCl(2), and A23187 (calcium ionophore III) with IC(50) values of 2.93+/-0.94 micromol/l (1.08+/-0.35 microg/ml), 2.59+/-0.58 micromol/l (0.95+/-0.29 microg/ml), 4.09+/-1.82 micromol/l (1.51+/-0.67 microg/ml) and 7.39+/-5.19 micromol/l (2.72+/-1.91 microg/ml), respectively, with a potency similar to that of papaverine (a representative antispasmodic for smooth muscle). Furthermore, pretreatment with glycycoumarin enhanced the relaxation induced by forskolin on CCh-evoked contraction, similar to that by pretreatment with IBMX, a non-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Pretreatment with glycycoumarin also enhanced the relaxation effect of rolipram, a specific inhibitor of PDE isozyme 4, as pretreatment with milrinone, a specific inhibitor of isozyme 3, did. Moreover, the effect of glycycoumarin was associated with dose-dependent accumulation of cAMP, but not cGMP, in mouse jejunum. These results indicate that glycycoumarin has an inhibitory effect on smooth muscle contraction induced by various types of stimulants through the inhibition of PDEs, especially isozyme 3, followed by the accumulation of intracellular cAMP.  相似文献   

10.
Evaluation of Alstonia scholaris leaves for broncho-vasodilatory activity   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The present study demonstrates that the ethanol extract of Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae) leaves induced pronounced bronchodilatory activity in anaesthetized rats with the probable involvement of prostaglandins. However, in vitro preparations of guinea-pig trachea did not confirm this property, indicating that bronchodilation is not due to the direct tracheal smooth muscle relaxation. The vasodilatory activity of the extract was independent of adrenergic or muscarinic receptors or prostaglandins but was mainly via endothelial-derived relaxing factor, nitric oxide. The extract inhibited the spontaneous movements of rabbit jejunum and contractile effects of acetylcholine and histamine on guinea-pig ileum. Additionally, the extract caused marked reduction of barium chloride-, potassium chloride- and calcium chloride-induced contraction on guinea-pig ileum and pulmonary artery, implying a direct interference of plant extract with the influx of calcium ions into cells. However, the extract has no detectable effect on mobilization of intracellular calcium. These results coupled with the in vivo effects of ethanol extract reveal that the Alstonia scholaris leaves possess broncho-vasodilatory activity mediated presumably by prostaglandins, calcium antagonism and endothelium-derived relaxing factor(s).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号