胶束毛细管电泳在线推扫富集技术和毛细管气相色谱法测定几种中草药中农药残留分析方法的比较研究

 目的比较几种中草药中的农药残留量的测定方法。方法分别用胶束毛细管电泳在线推扫富集技术(MEKC on-line Sweeping)和毛细管气相色谱法(CGC)对几种中草药中农药残留量进行测定,比较2种方法的样品预处理条件、检测条件、线性、精密度、回收率、最低检测限和样品测定结果。结果MEKC on-line Sweeping样品预处理方法简单,检测范围广;CGC法检测限低。2种方法的精密度、回收率、样品测定结果无显著性差异。结论MEKC on-line Sweeping和CGC各有其特点,但CGC不能直接用于检测低挥发性的农药如吡虫啉,2种方法检测限均低于各国标准,能够用于中草药中农药残留的测定。     

现代仪器与中草药指纹图谱

阐述了中草药指纹图谱及其发展方向，综述了薄层色谱法、高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法以及核磁共振谱法等几种先进方法在指纹图谱及质量标准中的应用。     

北京门头沟地区中草药资源调查与评价

目的：明确北京门头沟地区中草药资源现状.方法：采用查阅文献、走访调研、实地调查相结合的方式对门头沟地区中草药资源进行调查统计、分析与评价.结果：北京门头沟地区分布各类中草药基源植物181种,隶属77科,152属,其中具有开发前途的中草药32种.结论：门头沟地区中草药资源丰富,开发潜力巨大,应充分发挥门头沟沟域资源特色,加强中草药的资源保护并合理进行规范化人工栽培和加工,促进中草药产业可持续发展.     

中草药临床应用不良反应的原因分析

目的：对中草药临床应用不良反应予以分析。结果：中草药注射剂更容易导致不良反应（81．62％,222／272）。应的预防对策。方法：回顾分析272例中草药临床应用不良反应患者的临床资料。结论：应在中草药,临床应用不良反应原因分析的基础上,     

中草药肾毒性概述

目的：针对目前中草药引起肾损害的现状,对中草药肾毒性做一综合概述。方法：对具有肾毒性的中草药从药性、引起肾毒性的临床表现、原因及毒性机制四方面进行分析。结果：引起肾毒性的中草药大多为辛、苦味药,且有程度不一的毒性;临床表现以急性肾功能衰竭最为常见;过量服食导致中毒是引起中草药肾毒性的主要原因;毒性机制以直接损害肾小管及肾小球为主;结论：中草药肾毒性不容忽视,有关方面应加强认识,及时做好相应的解救及预防措施。     

龙眼肉及其混淆品蛋白多肽高效毛细管电泳法鉴别

目的：对龙眼肉及其混淆品进行蛋白多肽电泳鉴别。方法：高效毛细管电泳法。结果：Ｄ经眼肉及其混淆品蛋白多肽高铲毛细管电泳谱图有是差异。结论：高效毛细管电泳可作为中药龙眼肉的生药鉴别方法。     

我院2007年～2009年中草药应用分析

目的：评价中医院中草药应用现状及发展趋势.方法：对我院2007年～2009年中草药年销售总量、销售金额、用药频度（DDDs）位居前30位的中草药进行统计分析.结果：列于前30位的中草药的用量与销售金额总体呈逐年递增趋势,茯苓在3年中销售量一直列于第1位,红参的销售金额连续3年排第一,3年中甘草、茯苓、当归DDDs值一直居于前3位.结论：我院中草药用量与销售金额总体逐年增加,中草药治疗疾病的独特疗效发展空间广,扶正中药用量稍大,符合提高机体免疫功能,达到治疗疾病的目的.     

三七及其混淆品蛋白多肽高效毛细管电泳法鉴别

目的：对三七及其混淆品进行蛋白多肽电泳鉴别。方法：采用高效毛细管电泳法对三七及其混淆品蛋白多肽进行分析。结果：三七及其混淆品蛋白多肽高效毛细管电泳谱图有明显的差异。结论：高效毛细管电泳可作为中药三七的生药鉴别方法。     

中草药外敷预防白血病化疗性静脉炎时机探讨

目的：观察实施中草药外敷预防化疗性静脉炎的时机。方法：回顾性地分析166例白血病患者化疗时实施中草药外敷的临床资料。结果：用药前组静脉炎发生率3.57%,用药时组静脉炎发生率12.72%,用药后组静脉炎发生率29.09%。结论：化疗前20min实施中草药外敷静脉炎发生率最低。     

抗癌中草药有效成分的研究进展

目的：对抗癌中草药的有效化学成分的研究进行综述。方法：对近10年来的抗癌中草药化学研究前沿文献进行整理、分析与总结。结果：抗癌中草药有效成分多存在于有毒中药、含生物碱类中草药、药用真菌和民间验方中；目前已筛选出含抗癌有效成分的中草药有200多种；抗癌有效化学成分在植物中的含量较低。结论：加强中草药抗癌有效成分研究，必须坚持以中医药理论为基础；与国际接轨，学习使用先进科学手段与标准；确立以疗效为中心的指导思想，化学为药效服务；利用生物工程技术；从传统中草药中筛选抗癌有效成分，是开发新药最佳途径。     

The use of Chinese herbal drugs in Islamic medicine

This paper investigates some of the ways that Chinese medicine has been transferred to the Western world and to Islamic territories. During the Golden Age of Islam(8th to 13 th century CE), the herbal drug trade promoted signifi cant commercial and scientifi c exchange between China and the Muslim world. Chinese herbal drugs have been described by medieval Muslim medical scholars such as Tabari(870 CE), Rhazes(925 CE), Haly Abbas(982 CE), Avicenna(1037 CE) and Jurjani(1137 CE). The term al-sin(the Arabic word for China) is used 46 times in Avicenna's Canon of Medicine in reference to herbal drugs imported from China. Cinnamon(dar sini; "Chinese herb"), wild ginger(asaron), rhubarb(rivand-e sini), nutmeg(basbasa), incense tree wood(ood), cubeb(kababe) and sandalwood(sandal) were the most frequently mentioned Chinese herbs in Islamic medical books. There are also multiple similarities between the clinical uses of these herbs in both medical systems. It appears that Chinese herbal drugs were a major component of the exchange of goods and knowledge between China and the Islamic and later to the Western world amid this era.     

中药中农药残留的分析及其新技术的研究进展

对中药中农药残留分析常用的前处理方法和检测分析方法进行了总结,并着重介绍了近年发展起来的一些农药残留前处理方法,如：固相微萃取、超临界流体提取、加速溶剂萃取、免疫亲和色谱等和残留检测分析的新技术,如：超临界流体色谱技术、柱切换高效液相技术、液相色谱-质谱联用技术、毛细管电泳和毛细管区带电泳技术、免疫分析技术等,这些将给中药中农药残留分析带来了很大的进步,并使中药中农药残留的分析逐步快捷、精确、标准。     

The effect of conduction exercise and self-acupressure in treatment of Parkinson's disease: Protocol for a pilot study

ObjectiveParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. In 2004, approximately 13,000 individuals in Hong Kong, China, had PD. PD greatly affects quality of life and conventional medication can produce severe side effects. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices of conduction exercise (CE) and self-acupressure (SA) may relieve PD symptoms. This paper presents a protocol for a randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of CE and SA in treating PD.MethodsPatients with primary PD were recruited. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group. The assessor and data analysts were blind. The treatment phase duration was 8 weeks, with 8 weekly sessions of CE and SA practice. Baseline, midpoint, and final assessments were carried out during the treatment phase. The primary outcome is scores on the 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), and the secondary outcome is scores on a custom-designed questionnaire based on TCM “Deficiency of Spleen Qi” scores and scores on a non-motor PD symptoms scale.DiscussionThis trial is the first rigorous study of the effectiveness of CE and SA in relieving PD symptoms. The aim is to examine the effectiveness of CE and SA in treating a disease that is difficult to treat conventionally. The data obtained will form the foundation for future related studies.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-IPR-17011987, Date of registration: 14 July, 2017).     

Multiple Chromatographic and Chemometric Methods for Quality Standardisation of Chinese Herbal Medicines

Quality standardization of complementary medicine is fundamental for industry and practice as it underpins the quality,safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines.Current herbal standardizations are often based on the quantitative analysis of a single compound,which may not reflect the total characteristic,bioactive and toxic nature of the herbs or products.Therefore,there is a need to establish an internationally recognized methodology for quality standardization of Chinese herbal medicines.The analytical methods reviewed in this article are pharmacognosy,TLC,HPLC,LCMS,CE and chemo-metrics.This article also covers the developments and applications of these methods in quality standardization.Recent advances show that a combination of these methods creates an overall chemical profile of each herb.This iS supported by results reviewed in this article and obtained in our laboratory tests on medicinal herbs including Hypericum perforatum,Morinda officinalis and Centella asiatica.Significant variations in active components have been observed between herbal samples and products.It is proposed that the identification of active components,pharmacological activities and eventual clinical applications are required for a comprehensive quality standardization system.Our findings indicate that the combination of various chromatographic and chemometric methods will advance the methodology of quality standardization and enhance the overall confidence in herbal medicine for the health practitioner and the public.     

Multiple Chromatographic and Chemometric Methods for Quality Standardisation of Chinese Herbal Medicines

目的：观察伤益气雾剂中栀子苷透皮吸收的特点，探讨伤益气雾剂外用时栀子苷的透皮吸收的动力学。方法：利用体内外实验对栀子苷透皮量及其血药浓度进行测试观察。结果：无论体内体外试验均表明，给药后半小时栀子苷即可透过皮肤，在皮下组织中分布，同时血中也能明显测到栀子苷。其透出量具有累积增多的线性关系。结论：伤益气雾剂中栀子苷可明显透过皮肤，并在皮下组织及血液中分布。本实验为该药外用治疗相关病症的应用提供了实验依据。     

Clinical effect of additional electroacupuncture on thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation in 80 paraplegic dogs

The clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture and acupuncture in combination with medication for the treatment of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation was investigated in paraplegic dogs with intact deep pain perception. To evaluate the additional effect of electroacupuncture, dogs treated with conventional medicines alone were compared to dogs treated with electroacupuncture and acupuncture and conventional medicine. Medical records of 80 dogs were reviewed for this investigation and classified into two groups undergoing different treatment methods: (1) treatment with conventional medicine alone (Group C, n = 37) and (2) treatment with conventional medicine combined with electroacupuncture and acupuncture (Group CE, n = 43). Prednisone was the conventional medicine and electroacupuncture was applied at GV07 and GV02-1 at 0.5-2.5 mV, mixed Hz of 2 and 15 Hz for 25-30 min. Acupuncture was performed locally at urinary bladder meridian points near the lesion, and bilaterally distantly at GB30, GB34, and ST36. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by post-operative neurologic function, ambulation, relapse, complication, and urinary function. Ambulation recovery was more prevalent in Group CE than Group C (p = 0.01) and recovery of ambulation and back pain relief time was shorter in Group CE compared to Group C (p = 0.011 and 0.001, respectively). Relapse rate was significantly lower in Group CE (p = 0.031). The results suggest that a combination of electroacupuncture and acupuncture with conventional medicine is more effective than conventional medicine alone in recovering ambulation, relieving back pain, and decreasing relapse. Electroacupuncture and acupuncture is thus a reasonable option for the treatment of intervertebral disc herniation in paraplegic dogs with intact deep pain perception.     

中医医师从事医疗服务现状分析

中医药独具特色与优势,在医疗服务中发挥着重要的作用.中医药事业飞速发展基本形成了以中医医院为主体的中医医疗服务体系.目前,就笔者调研结果发现,现代西医医疗的思维方式、诊疗方法及手段正在影响着传统中医医疗服务,传统的中医整体观念、辨证施治渐渐地被其同化.中、西医学是两个不同门类的医学学科,在大力发展西医学的同时,保护和完善传统中医学更是一件需要我们鞠躬尽瘁的大事,要让传统中医药展现其应有的优势和作用,真正促进中医药事业的发展.     

关于中医学现代化的思考

中医药学历经千年不衰,中医学即将跨入21世纪,高科技日新月异,引导中医视野不断开阔和转换,许多问题引人思考。要推动学科加速发展,应认清学科前沿和前沿学科是什么,中西医结合是医学发展的自然趋势,中医现代化首先要有中国特色,有特色才有生命力。科学中医现代化的途径,就是以中医为主体,充分吸取现代多学科成就,来研究、充实、发展中医学。整个中医现代化,必定以中医临床医学的现代化为先导,以提高临床疗效为原动力,以基础理论的机理探讨为核心,从而相互带动中医药的现代化和基础理论的突破。     

中药及中药血清指纹图谱研究进展

中药化学成分的复杂性、中医理论的特殊性是导致中药药效成分不明确、作用机制不清晰的关键原因。中药指纹图谱为中药质量评价提供了有效技术手段,并协同中药血清药物化学和中药血清药理学一起推动中医药学向中药成分明确化、作用机制清晰化的方向发展。     

吉林省中药资源种类空间分布差异研究

区域之间自然条件、社会资源等差异,决定了区域间中药资源的差异性分布。中药资源种类分布的时空演变是中药产业发展过程在时间和空间上的表现形式,研究区域中药资源分布的时空演变过程,可以揭示中药资源空间分布的规律性。县域作为全国中药资源普查的基本单元,县与县之间的资源禀赋差异,对合理制定中药资源政策、实行区域资源、环境的协调发展具有十分重要的意义。该研究基于吉林省中药资源普查试点工作阶段成果,选取51个已经完成中药资源普查工作的县,根据中药资源种类,运用探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)、趋势面分析、空间变异函数等地统计分析技术对吉林省县域中药资源多样性进行研究,分析中药资源丰富程度的空间差异特性。结果显示:吉林省中药资源种类丰富度较高的地区,总体上分布在东部和东南部,区域内植被类型主要以阔叶林为主;中药资源种类丰富度较低的地区,总体上分布在长春和吉林市行政中心附近,多为城市建成区,区域内植被类型以栽培植被为主。