附子水溶部分对内毒素休克的治疗作用

以BP、HR、LVP、LVdP/dt max 及生存时间为指标,观察了附子水溶部分对内毒素休克的治疗作用。给内毒素引起休克的猫静脉滴注附子水溶部分2mg/kg/min 或一次给予30mg/kg,能明显对抗BP、LVP、和LVdP/dtmax 的降低、心率的减慢并延长生存时间。表明其对内毒素引起的休克有治疗作用。     

两种内毒素经支气管给药致急性肺损伤模型再评价研究

目的:评价两种型号,三个浓度的内毒素经支气管滴注8h后所致急性肺损伤的大鼠模型。方法:Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为7组,麻醉后,经支气管分别滴注型号为L2630与L2880,浓度为1mg/kg,2mg/kg及3mg/kg的0111:B4与055:B5内毒素,建立大鼠急性肺损伤模型。造模8h后测定呼吸功能、血气分析、肺湿/干重(W/D)比值等。结果:型号为L2630与L2880,浓度为1mg/kg,2mg/kg及3mg/kg的内毒素经支气管滴注均可诱导大鼠急性肺损伤。结论:型号L2630,浓度为2mg/kg的内毒素支气管滴注8h所造成的急性肺损伤模型病理损伤和动物功能学指标最符合急性肺损伤模型的实验要求。     

大蒜水提取物对萘诱导的小鼠氧化应激的抑制作用

作者研究了大蒜水提取物(AGE)对萘诱导的小鼠肝、肺、肾和脑组织氧化损伤的抑制作用。将Balb/c小鼠随机分为5组,每组10只。第1组:每日ip生理盐水;第2组:每日ip玉米油;第3组:每日ip AGE125mg/kg;第4组:每日ip萘100mg/kg;第5组:ip AGE125mg/kg 萘100mg/kg,每日给药2次;各组给药或     

加味生脉饮注射液对内毒素休克大鼠脑组织肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1α含量的影响

目的：以加味生脉饮注射液对内毒素休克大鼠脑组织TNF-α、IL-1α含量的影响为切入点,探讨补气活血解毒治法的作用机制。方法：96只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组（生理盐水20mL/kg）、模型组（脂多糖8mg/kg）、加味生脉饮组（脂多糖8mg/kg＋加味生脉饮注射液10mL/kg）、地塞米松组（脂多糖8mg/kg＋地塞米松5mg/kg）4组,每组再分为1h、2h、3h和6h4个观测时点。各动物手术分离颈总动脉并与生物机能系统连接,监测平均动脉压（MAP）,测定脑组织TNF-α、IL-1α含量等指标。结果：模型组动物在注射脂多糖后MAP进行性下降,TNF-α、IL-1α含量增加（P〈0.05）,各治疗组上述病理改变明显改善。结论：生脉饮加味方可通过对休克时脑内过量炎性递质生成的抑制而起到抗休克、保护脑组织的作用,补气活血解毒治法是感染性休克有效的中医治法。     

大黄对出血性休克大鼠肠粘膜通透性的影响

出血性休克后,肠源性内毒素血症是一个常见的病理过程.本实验旨在证明大黄是否对肠源性内毒素血症具有治疗作用.本文以Sprague-Dawley大鼠于颈动脉放血,血压5.32kPa维持1小时后予大黄(50mg/kg·次)分别于复苏后即刻、6、12小时经胃管注入.结果显示:大黄治疗组血浆内毒素水平明显低于休克组和安慰剂治疗组(P<0.01),小肠病理改变程度亦明显轻于休克组和安慰剂治疗组.可见大黄能明显降低出血性休克大鼠肠粘膜通透性,阻止肠道内内毒素吸收.     

芳香开窍药对D-氨基半乳糖敏化小鼠内毒素致死性攻击的影响

目的:观察四味芳香开窍药(麝香、冰片、苏合香、安息香)及其不同提取部位对D-氨基半乳糖(D-GaIN)敏化小鼠内毒素(LPS)攻击所致死亡的影响。方法:小鼠连续给药3d,采用D-GaIN敏化小鼠,尾静脉注射LPS 1mg/kg攻击,于攻击后1h、3h、5h、7h、9h、11h、24h、48h时间点观察小鼠的累计死亡百分率。结果:冰片(200mg/kg)在LPS致死性攻击后5~24h期间表现出显著的保护作用(P<0.05或P<0.01);麝香(66.6mg/kg)各提取部位在LPS攻击后5h时表现出显著的保护作用(P<0.05),其中石油醚提取部位在攻击后7h时仍表现出显著保护作用(P<0.05);苏合香(1.332g/kg)全药、乙醚及正丁醇提取部位在LPS攻击后5h时表现出一定的对抗趋势;安息香(1g/kg)乙醚和石油醚部位在LPS攻击后5~7h内表现出显著的保护作用(P<0.05)。结论:麝香、冰片、安息香对D-GaIN敏化小鼠LPS的致死性攻击具有一定的对抗作用,提示具有一定抗内毒素作用,初步认为该作用是开窍药开窍醒神功效应用于热闭证治疗的部分药效表征,为其临床用于治疗感染性疾病提供了一定药理学依据。     

三七总皂苷预处理对肾缺血再灌注损伤大鼠NF-κBp65、IL-1β表达的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量三七总皂苷预处理后对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤NF-κB信号通路的影响。方法:SD大鼠40只,随机分为空白对照组,肾缺血再灌注损伤组,三七总皂苷40、80、160 mg/kg组,前两组给予生理盐水,后3组分别给予三七总皂苷40、80、160 mg/kg连续给药5天。后4组在最后1次给药1h后通过切除右肾、夹闭左肾动脉45min再灌注3h的方法制备肾缺血再灌注损伤模型。术后处死大鼠,检测血肌酐、尿素氮,HE染色观察肾组织病理学改变,免疫组化法和PT-PCR法分别检测核因子-κBp65、白细胞介素-1β蛋白水平和mRNA表达。结果:肾缺血再灌注损伤组BUN、SCr水平明显增高,光镜下可见肾小管损伤明显,肾组织NF-κBp65、IL-1β蛋白水平和mRNA表达明显增高。三七总皂苷40、80、160 mg/kg组BUN、SCr水平明显降低,肾组织病理学改变明显减轻,NF-κBp65、IL-1β蛋白水平和mRNA表达显著降低,其中三七总皂苷160 mg/kg组的效果最明显。结论:三七总皂苷可能通过抑制肾缺血再灌注损伤肾组织中NF-κBp65、IL-1β的表达,减轻氧化应激损伤,从而对肾组织起到有效的保护作用。     

荞麦黄酮对1型糖尿病小鼠肾损伤的保护作用

目的:观察荞麦黄酮对1型糖尿病小鼠肾损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法:小鼠腹腔注射四氧嘧啶100mg/kg,每隔7d注射一次,连续3次,建立小鼠1型糖尿病肾病模型。将成模小鼠随机分为模型对照组、荞麦黄酮低、中、高剂量组(50、100、200mg/kg)及厄贝沙坦组(25mg/kg),另设正常组。造模后各组小鼠灌胃给药1次/d,连续4w。给药前及给药期间每隔1w用血糖仪测定小鼠空腹血糖(FBG),末次给药后肾称重,计算肾指数,采用全自动生化仪测定血清中血肌酐、尿素氮,采用ELISA测定尿微量白蛋白含量。肾组织匀浆测定糖基化终产物(AGEs),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)含量。HE染色观察各组小鼠肾组织形态。结果:与正常组比较,模型对照组小鼠空腹血糖连续4 w持续升高、血肌酐、血尿素氮、尿微量白蛋白、肾指数、肾组织中AGEs、MDA均明显增高,而SOD水平下降,且肾组织形态明显损伤。与模型对照组比较,荞麦黄酮在50²00mg/kg剂量范围均可改善上述指标,在100mg/kg剂量下作用更为明显。结论:荞麦黄酮对1型糖尿病小鼠肾损伤具有一定保护作用,其机制与降低体内AGEs、MDA水平,增加SOD水平相关。     

Study on modified shengmai yin injection for prevention and treatment of brain impairment in endotoxin shock rats

Objective:To examine the effects of modified Shenmai Yin on invigorating vital energy, promoting blood flow, and protection against neural impairment in an endotoxin-induced shock rat model. Methods: Ninety-six SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation (saline 20 ml/kg), shock model (lipopolysaccharide, LPS, 8 mg/kg), Reformed Shengmai Yin (加味生脉饮 Pulse-activating Decoction) (LPS 8 mg/kg + reformed Shengmai Yin Injection 10 ml/kg), and dexamethasone (LPS 8 mg/kg + dexamethasone 5 mg/kg) groups. Each group was subdivided into 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 6 h time points for observation. The carotid artery was separated and connected with a biological functional system to monitor mean arterial pressure (MAP). Brain water levels, malonaldehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also determined. Results: In the shock model group, MAP was progressively decreased after injection of LPS, brain water and MDA contents were increased, brain SOD activity was decreased, and capillary vessel edema in brain tissue was also observed. All these parameters were improved significantly in both treatment groups, although the effects were more marked with Shengmai Yin than with dexamethasone. Conclusion: Modified Shengmai Yin exhibits strong anti-shock and neuroprotective effects against Endotoxininduced shock.     

糖肾一号胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠血清SREBP-1c、SREBP-2c水平及肾组织IRS-1、PI3K、podocin、CD2AP蛋白表达影响

目的:观察糖肾一号胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠的作用及可能机制。方法:SD大鼠采用腔注射STZ方法建立糖尿病肾病模型,对造模成功大鼠分为模型组、厄贝沙坦片组(15.75mg/kg)、糖肾一号组(1800mg/kg)、糖肾一号组(900mg/kg)、糖肾一号组(450mg/kg),各15只,另设正常对照组15只,连续给药8周,观察血糖、血脂、胱抑素C、SREBP-1c、SREBP-2c水平,尿微量白蛋白,肾组织IRS-1、PI3K、podocin、CD2AP蛋白表达水平。结果:与模型对照组比较,糖肾一号胶囊(900mg/kg、1800mg/kg)各组大鼠血糖、血脂、胱抑素C、尿微量白蛋白明显降低,肾脏组织IRS-1及PI3K、podocin、CD2AP蛋白表达水平明显升高,糖肾一号胶囊(450mg/kg)组升高不明显,糖肾一号胶囊(900mg/kg)组与糖肾一号胶囊(450mg/kg)比较,具有统计学意义,糖肾一号胶囊(900mg/kg)为有效剂量。结论:糖肾一号胶囊通过激活胰岛素受体底物-1(IRS-1),激活胰岛素信号传导系统,达到降糖;降低血清SREBP-1c、SREBP-2c水平,调节血脂代谢;提高肾组织podocin、CD2AP蛋白表达,改善肾足细胞损伤,降低尿蛋白,进而通过上述综合作用达到改善肾脏纤维化、硬化作用。     

夏天无生物碱对麻醉犬脑循环与下肢循环的作用

本文报告夏天无生物碱可使麻醉犬脑与下肢血流量增加,血管阻力减低(经统计学处理均有显著性差异)、血压轻度下降。提示其有扩张脑血管和下肢血管的作用。并可对抗去甲肾上腺素引起的脑血管与下肢血管的紧张状态。该药不能解除5-羟色胺所产生的脑血管紧张状态。其扩张脑血管作用不被阿托品阻断。     

Shen-Fu attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats

Sepsis is associated with the highest risk of progression to acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Shen-Fu has been advocated to treat many severely ill patients. Our study was designed to investigate the effect of Shen-Fu on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in vivo. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: controls; those challenged with endotoxin (5 mg/kg) and treated with saline; those challenged with endotoxin (5 mg/kg) and treated with Shen-Fu (1 mg/kg); those challenged with endotoxin (5 mg/kg) and treated with Shen-Fu (10 mg/kg); increase challenged with endotoxin (5 mg/kg) and treated with Shen-Fu (100 mg/kg); saline injected and treated with Shen-Fu (100 mg/kg). TNF-alpha, IL-6, and NF-kappa B were investigated in the lung two hours later. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and wet/dry weight ratio were investigated six hours later. Intravenous administration of endotoxin provoked significant lung injury, which was characterized by increment increase of MPO activity and wet/dry lung weight ratio, and TNF-alpha and IL-6 expression and NF-kappa B activation. Shen-Fu (10,100 mg/kg) decreased MPO activity and wet/dry weight ratio and inhibited TNF-alpha and IL-6 production, endotoxin-induced NF-kappa B activation. Our results indicated that Shen-Fu at a dose of higher than 10 mg/kg inhibited endotoxin-induced pulmonary inflammation in vivo.     

人参皂苷Rg2对失血性休克犬血流动力学的影响及抗脂质过氧化作用

目的 :观察人参皂苷Rg₂对失血性休克犬血流动力学的影响及抗氧化作用。方法 :复制杂种犬失血性休克失代偿期病理模型 ,动脉放血至平均动脉压 (MBP)在 5.33kPa以下 ,然后给予Rg₂0.5,1mg·kg_-1,参麦(SM) 100mg·kg^-1,iv。观察 6h。结果 :人参皂苷Rg₂ 能明显升高失血性休克失代偿期犬MBP、左室内压 (LVSP)和左室内压最大变化速率 (±dp/dt) ;增强血清超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)的活性 ,降低血清丙二醛 (MDA)含量 ;提高休克犬的存活率。结论 :人参皂苷Rg₂ 能明显改善失血性休克犬血流动力学多项指标 ,激活机体抗氧化能力 ,作用强于SM。     

Effects of the third (aqueous) extract of ginseng on the cardiovascular dynamics of dogs during halothane anesthesia.

An electromagnetic flowmeter probe was chronically implanted around the ascending aorta in a group of dogs. Subsequently, ten dogs were lightly anesthetized with halothane (0.75%) and the third (aqueous) extract of ginseng (40 mg/kg) was administered intravenously. Five dogs were anesthetized without the administration of ginseng. Eleven cardiovascular variables including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, pH, PaCO2, PaO2, and base deficit were compared. The cardiac output, stroke volume, and central venous pressure were decreased significantly, while total peripheral resistance was increased significantly following ginseng.     

Effects of the second (ethanol) extract of ginseng on the cardiovascular dynamics of dogs during halothane anesthesia.

An electromagnetic flowmeter probe was chronically implanted around the ascending aorta in a group of dogs. Subsequently, ten dogs were lightly anesthetized with halothane (0.75%), and a second (ethanol) extract of ginseng (40 mg/kg) was administered intravenously. Five dogs were anesthetized without the administration of ginseng. Eleven cardiovascular variables including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, pH, PaCO2, PaO2, and base deficit were compared for two hours. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly decreased following ginseng. There were no other meaningful changes in either group.     

注射用红花黄色素缓解油酸诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤作用

目的 探讨注射用红花黄色素对油酸致大鼠急性肺损伤的作用及其机制.方法 Wistar大鼠随机分成对照组、油酸组(模型组)、油酸+山莨菪碱10 mg/kg组、油酸+红花黄色素(8、16、32 mg/kg)组,每组12只,各组在iv油酸0.18 g/kg前给予药物干预.油酸损伤4 h后,测定大鼠动脉血血氧分压、左肺含水系数和肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性;RT-PCR法检测肺组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β),白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、细胞问黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)mRNA表达水平;免疫组织化学法观察肺组织NF-κB p65活化细胞数;Western blotting法检测p38 MAPK蛋白磷酸化水平.结果 红花黄色素组大鼠动脉血血氧分压值均高于模型组,肺组织含水系数和MP()活性均低于模型组;同时各炎症因子mRNA表达水平.NF-κB p65阳性细胞数和p38 MAPK蛋白磷酸化水平也均低于模型组.结论 红花黄色素可缓解急性肺损伤所致肺水肿,提高动脉血氧分压,减少肺部炎性细胞浸润,其作用机制可能与抑制p38 MAPK磷酸化及NF-κB活化,下调TNF-α、IL-β等炎症因子的表达有关.     

脑伤乐生颗粒抗脑损伤作用机理研究

目的探讨脑伤乐生颗粒(NSLS)治疗脑损伤的作用机理。方法SD大鼠分组后,分别灌胃给予NSLS(12g/kg、6g/kg、3g/kg)及尼莫地平(10mg/kg),观察药物对脑含水量、脑指数、丙二醛含量、大脑中动脉阻塞后脑梗死程度、运动神经功能损伤情况的影响;健康杂种犬分组后分别灌胃给予NSLS(3.0g/kg、1.5g/kg)及尼莫地平(10mg/kg),观察药物对犬脑血流量及脑血管阻力的影响。结果NSLS能够显著降低脑缺血及脑损伤大鼠脑含水量、脑指数、脑组织中丙二醛含量;明显提高犬脑血流量、降低脑阻力,而对心率、血压、心电图无明显影响;明显改善脑损伤大鼠运动神经功能;显著降低大鼠中动脉阻塞后脑梗死面积。结论NSLS对脑损伤的治疗有显著效果。     

电针对内毒素休克大鼠肝脏的影响(组织化学观察)

本研究以组化法观察电针对内毒素休克鼠肝脏的影响。结果表明内毒素休克鼠肝糖元几乎全部脱失,葡萄糖－6－磷酸酶（G－6－Pase）,琥珀酸脱氨酶（SDH）,5’－核苷酸酶（5’－Nase）,镁激活的三磷酸腺苷（Mg++－ATPase）活性减弱,电针后糖元含量部分增加,SDH、Mg＋＋－ATPase和G－6－Pase活性较休克对照组增加。提示电计“人中”或“足三里”穴可能对改善肝脏代谢和提高膜的转运起一定的作用。