Curcumin Combined with Oxaliplatin Effectively Suppress Colorectal Carcinoma in vivo Through Inducing Apoptosis

Studies have shown chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic effects of several curcumin‐based combinatorial treatments on colorectal cancer cells. However, their in vivo effects remain unclear. This study has demonstrated the therapeutic effect of curcumin and oxaliplatin, alone or in combination, on subcutaneously xenografted LoVo human colorectal cancer cells in immunodeficient (nu/nu) mice in vivo. Combinatorial administration of curcumin and oxaliplatin evidently inhibited the growth of colorectal cancer in nude mice, which was significantly more effective than either agent alone. Curcumin combined with oxaliplatin treatment induced apoptosis, accompanied by ultrastructural changes and cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phases. Further mechanism analysis indicated that while the number of apoptotic tumor cells and the expression of Bax, caspase‐3, and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) increased significantly, the expression of Bcl‐2, survivin, HSP70, pro‐caspase‐3, and pro‐PARP were dramatically suppressed in tumor cells after the treatment with combinatorial curcumin and oxaliplatin for 22 days. Taken together, the present study has demonstrated that administration of combined curcumin and oxaliplatin effectively suppressed colorectal carcinoma in vivo through inducing apoptosis and thus may provide an effective treatment for colorectal carcinoma. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

承气生血方抗肿瘤及调节细胞免疫作用的研究

目的:研究承气生血方抗肿瘤及调节细胞免疫作用,分析其对敏感肿瘤凋亡率和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法:选用S180腹水型和Lewis肺癌实体型荷瘤小鼠筛选敏感瘤株。55只敏感瘤株负荷小鼠进行抗肿瘤治疗,随机分为5组:模型组、环磷酰胺组(30 mg.kg^-1)和承气生血方2.4,1.2,0.6 g.kg^-13个剂量组。治疗后以流式细胞术分析小鼠敏感肿瘤外周血T淋巴细胞亚群百分比和肿瘤细胞凋亡率的变化。结果:Lewis肺癌实体型肿瘤为承气生血方敏感肿瘤。PI染色法分析,承气生血方高、中剂量组能明显诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。AnnexinⅤ与PI双染法分析,各给药组均出现肿瘤细胞早期凋亡(P<0.01)。T淋巴细胞亚群结果分析,模型组CD3,CD4和CD4/CD8与正常组比较明显降低(P<0.01),CD8变化不明显;给药组CD3,CD4和CD8比正常组明显降低(P<0.01),CD4/CD8变化不明显。结论:承气生血方可选择性抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌实体型肿瘤生长,并具有抗转移作用,其抗肿瘤作用可能通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡而实现。承气生血方通过提高CD4/CD8改善小鼠细胞免疫功能。     

A p‐Menth‐1‐ene‐4,7‐diol (EC‐1) from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dhnh. Triggers Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Changes in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells

Anticancer activities of p‐menth‐1‐ene‐4,7‐diol (EC‐1) isolated from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dhnh. were studied on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells by MTT (3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Anticancer activities also analyzed in EAC‐bearing mice by assessment of cancer growth inhibition, changes in cancer volume, changes in life span, and hematological parameters. Apoptosis was analyzed by fluorescence microscope, DNA fragmentation assay, and flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis‐related genes, Bcl‐2, Bcl‐X, PARP‐1, p53, and Bax, were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). EC‐1 significantly inhibited proliferation of EAC cells in vivo and restored the altered hematological parameters of EAC‐bearing mice. Cytological observation by fluorescence microscope showed apoptosis of EAC cells upon treatment with EC‐1. Also, DNA fragmentation assay revealed EAC cells' apoptosis following EC‐1 treatment. Increased mRNA expressions of p53 and Bax genes and negative expressions of Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐X were observed in cells treated with EC‐1. These findings confirmed the induction of apoptosis by EC‐1. In addition, MTT assay showed dose‐dependent anticancer activity of EC‐1 against EAC cell. Cell cycle analysis revealed that EC‐1 treatment caused suppression of EAC cells at S phase. To conclude, EC‐1 is a novel anticancer compound and showed antiproliferative and apoptotic activities in cellular and mice models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

赤芍总苷对荷瘤鼠细胞因子分泌的调节及对bcl-2、p16表达的影响

[目的]通过观察赤芍总苷(TGC)对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的调节及对肿瘤细胞凋亡的调控,研究TGC抗肿瘤的作用机制.[方法]采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)法测定小鼠外周血白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平;用免疫组化SABC法检测瘤荷小鼠瘤组织bcl-2和p16的表达.[结果]TGC提高瘤荷小鼠外周血IL-2的分泌,TGC组与荷瘤对照组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);与荷瘤对照组比较,TGC组IL-10分泌显著低于荷瘤对照组(P＜0.01),TGC降低IL-10分泌水平;TGC组与荷瘤对照组比较,bcl-2蛋白阳性细胞数表达均低于荷瘤对照组(P＜0.05),下调bel-2的表达水平,上调p16蛋白表达水平(P＜0.01).[结论]TGC通过调节荷瘤机体异常的免疫状态及诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡而发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

健脾消癌方对小鼠大肠癌皮下移植瘤细胞凋亡及相关蛋白表达的影响

目的:通过体内实验研究健脾消癌方对小鼠大肠癌皮下移植瘤细胞凋亡及相关蛋白表达的影响,探讨其抗大肠癌复发转移的作用机制。方法:通过皮下注射结肠癌细胞CT-26构建大肠癌皮下移植瘤小鼠模型,随机分为模型组,健脾消癌方低(15.75 g·kg~(-1)),中(31.5 g·kg~(-1)),高(63 g·kg~(-1))剂量组及5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)组,分别给药14 d后,处死小鼠,剪取瘤体、称取瘤质量后剪碎瘤组织,采用流式细胞术检测各组细胞凋亡情况,并采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达情况。结果:与模型组比较,健脾消癌方(15.75,31.5,63 g·kg~(-1))组瘤质量均减轻(P0.05),细胞凋亡率均升高(P0.05);B细胞淋巴瘤-2基因相关X蛋白(Bax),半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3),半胱氨酸蛋白酶-8(Caspase-8)表达增高(P0.05),B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)表达降低(P0.05);与健脾消癌方(15.75,31.5 g·kg~(-1))组比较,健脾消癌方(63 g·kg~(-1))组Bax,Caspase-3,Caspase-8增高明显(P0.05)。结论:健脾消癌方可通过促进小鼠大肠癌皮下移植瘤细胞凋亡实现抑瘤作用,其机制可能与其调节细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达有关。     

染料木黄酮对人卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤影响的实验研究

目的:探讨植物雌激素染料木黄酮对人卵巢癌HO-8910PM细胞裸鼠移植瘤的影响。方法:体外培养人卵巢癌HO-8910PM细胞,裸鼠皮下接种HO-8910PM细胞建立裸鼠移植瘤动物模型,随机分为对照组和3个染料木黄酮治疗组,治疗组分别给予5,25,50 mg.kg^-1染料木黄酮。治疗4周后,应用流式细胞术(FCM)检测各组裸鼠移植瘤细胞周期时相和凋亡率,免疫组化技术检测凋亡基因bcl-2,Fas,FasL蛋白的表达情况,并通过电镜进行形态学观察。结果:50 mg.kg^-1染料木黄酮治疗组裸鼠移植瘤明显小于对照组,肿瘤细胞G₀-G_l期比例升高明显,S期细胞比例显著降低(P<0.01),移植瘤细胞凋亡率为(15.14±2.27)%,明显高于对照组(3.12±1.12)%(P<0.01);移植瘤细胞bc1-2蛋白表达水平明显下降,而Fas蛋白表达水平升高,与对照组比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。电镜观察50 mg.kg^-1染料木黄酮治疗组可见凋亡细胞明显增多。结论:染料木黄酮通过调节移植瘤细胞周期分布和凋亡基因,抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。     

雷公藤内酯醇对人结肠癌细胞株SW-480、HT-29体内外作用的研究

 目的 探讨雷公藤内酯醇（triptolide，TPL）在体内外对人结肠癌细胞株SW-480、HT-29的作用。方法 体外运用噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法检测TPL对SW-480、HT-29的增殖抑制作用，细胞DNA片段化及Annexin-Ⅴ/FITC流式细胞术检测TPL对SW-480、HT-29细胞诱导凋亡的作用；体内建立荷人结肠癌细胞裸鼠模型，观察不同浓度TPL静脉注射治疗对肿瘤生长的影响。结果 在体外，TPL在10 μg·L-1时即对2种结肠癌细胞具有明显的抑制生长作用，且呈时间和剂量依赖性，40 μg·L-1时具有明显的诱导凋亡作用，凋亡比例分别达22.2%和27.3%；在体内，TPL能显著抑制2种肿瘤的生长，隔日0.4 mg·kg-1静脉给药时其抑瘤率分别达93.7%和94.5%。结论 TPL在体内外均具有明显的抗结肠癌作用。     

黄芪-莪术联合顺铂诱导肝癌细胞凋亡及其对miR-122a,miR-221,miR-151表达的影响

目的:探讨黄芪-莪术联合顺铂(DDP)抗肝癌的作用机制。方法:构建人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤模型。成瘤后,将其随机分为模型组、顺铂组(DDP,2 mg·kg-1,ip),黄芪-莪术高、中、低剂量(H,M,L,12,6,3 g·kg-1·d-1,ig)组,黄芪-莪术高剂量+顺铂组(H+DDP),黄芪-莪术中剂量+顺铂组(M+DDP),黄芪-莪术低剂量+顺铂组(L+DDP),每组8只。采用Td Tmediated d UTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)法观察黄芪-莪术联合顺铂对人肝癌细胞Hep G2的原位诱导凋亡作用,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测其对凋亡相关蛋白B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)的影响,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)观察人肝癌裸鼠肿瘤组织中microRNA(miR)-122a,miR-221,miR-151的表达。结果:H,H+DDP,M+DDP,L+DDP组均有肿瘤细胞凋亡,镜下观察肿瘤细胞核内呈棕黄色,核高度凝聚,部分细胞脱落,与模型组比较有明显的凋亡现象发生(P0.05,P0.01),以H+DDP组诱导凋亡作用最为显著。与模型组比较,H,M,H+DDP,M+DDP,L+DDP组血清中Bcl-2含量均显著降低(P0.01),以H+DDP组降低最为显著。与DDP组比较,H,M,L,H+DDP,M+DDP,L+DDP均能显著上调miR-122a的表达(P0.01),H+DDP对miR-221,miR-151的表达有显著抑制作用(P0.01)。结论:黄芪-莪术能显著诱导人肝癌细胞Hep G2凋亡,且诱导凋亡作用与剂量有一定的正相关性,其机制可能与显著下调Bcl-2表达,上调miR-122a,下调miR-221,miR-151的表达有关,与DDP合用表现为协同增效作用。     

Ocimum sanctum induces apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells and suppresses the in vivo growth of lewis lung carcinoma cells

Although Ocimum sanctum has been used extensively for its medicinal values in India and China, its antitumor activity against human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells has not been investigated until now. Therefore, the antitumor mechanism of ethanol extracts of Ocimum sanctum (EEOS) was elucidated in A549 cells in vitro and the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) animal model. EEOS exerted cytotoxicity against A549 cells, increased the sub‐G1 population and exhibited apoptotic bodies in A549 cells. Furthermore, EEOS cleaved poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase (PARP), released cytochrome C into cytosol and simultaneously activated caspase‐9 and ‐3 proteins. Also, EEOS increased the ratio of proapoptotic protein Bax/antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2 and inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) in A549 cancer cells. In addition, it was found that EEOS can suppress the growth of LLC inoculated onto C57BL/6 mice in a dose‐dependent manner. Overall, these results demonstrate that EEOS induces apoptosis in A549 cells via a mitochondria caspase dependent pathway and inhibits the in vivo growth of LLC, suggesting that EEOS can be applied to lung carcinoma as a chemopreventive candidate. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.