三七种子脂溶性化学成分的研究

目的研究五加科人参属植物三七Panax notogiinseng（Burk）F．H．Chen种子中的化学成分。方法利用大孔吸附树脂柱、硅胶柱、RP-8和RP-18柱进行化含物的分离纯化，根据其理化性质和光谱数据进行鉴定结构。结果从三七种中分离得到7个化合物，分别鉴定为：人参炔醇①，β-谷甾醇②，胡萝卜苷③，三棕榈酸甘油酯④，羽扇豆醇⑤、16β-羟基羽扇豆醇⑥，山奈酚⑦。结论化合物1为首次从三七种子中分离得到，化合物④为首次从三七植物分离得到。     

三七种子脂溶性化学成分研究

目的 对三七种子的脂溶性部位进行化学成分研究.方法 采用硅胶柱进行分离纯化,经理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化学结构.结果 分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为羽扇豆-20-烯-3β,16β-二醇-3-阿魏酸酯(Ⅰ)、三棕榈酸甘油酯(Ⅱ)、人参炔醇(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅴ)、羽扇豆醇(Ⅵ)、16β-羟基羽扇豆醇(Ⅶ)、人参皂苷Rh_4(Ⅷ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为首次从天然产物中获得,化合物Ⅱ为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

三七根茎的微量成分研究

目的:研究五加科人参属植物三七根茎中的化学成分。方法:利用大孔吸附树脂柱,硅胶柱、RP-8和RP-18柱进行化合物的分离纯化,根据其理化性质和光谱数据进行鉴定结构。结果:从三七根茎中分到7个化合物:原人参二醇(1),原人参三醇(2),三七皂苷Rw-2(3),人参环氧炔醇(4),aromadendrane-4β,10β-diol(5),β-谷甾醇(6),胡萝卜苷(7)。结论:为三七药物的综合利用提供试验依据。     

三七中人参炔醇的提取、分离和鉴定方法分析

目的:探讨超临界CO2萃取法、硅胶柱层析法及波谱技术对三七中人参炔醇的提取、分离和鉴定的价值。方法:通过超临界CO2萃取法萃取三七脂溶成分,通过硅胶柱层析法进行分离,使用波谱技术对其有效成分人参炔醇的化学分子式进行鉴定。结果:三七中萃取人参炔醇分子式为C17H24O,化学名为3(R)-十七碳-1,9(Z)-二烯-4,6-二炔-3-醇。结论:超临界技术使人参炔醇开发和应用得到了飞跃式发展,同时创造了新型研究的理论依据。     

三七化学成分

目的:研究五加科植物三七的化学成分。方法:利用硅胶,羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果:从三七中分离鉴定10个化合物,分别为月桂酸(1),β-谷甾醇(2),(3R,9R,10R)-人参炔三醇(3),月桂酸甘油酯(4),β-胡萝卜苷(5),(8R,9R,10S,6Z)-三羟基-十八碳烯酸(6),20(S)-人参皂苷Rh1(7),20(R)-人参皂苷Rh1(8),20(S)-人参皂苷Rg1(9),三七皂苷R1(10)。结论:化合物1,4,6为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

三七茎叶皂苷酸水解产物中一个新化合物的分离和鉴定

目的 研究三七Panax notoginseng茎叶皂苷水解转化产物的化学成分,以期发现新的苷元.方法 三七茎叶皂苷酸水解产物通过硅胶、凝胶及液相色谱进行分离,分离得到的化合物结构经谱学方法鉴定.结果 从三七茎叶皂苷水解产物中分离得到7个单体化合物,分别鉴定为20(S)-3-甲氧基-人参二醇(1)、20(E)-达玛烷-20(22)-烯-3β,12β,25-三醇(2)、20(R)-达玛烷-3β,6α,12β,20,25-五醇(3)、20(R)-达玛烷-3β,12β,20,25-四醇(4)、拟人参皂苷-F11苷元(5)、20(S)-人参二醇(6)、20(S)-原人参二醇(7).结论 化合物1为一新化合物,命名为三七皂苷元MPD.     

筒鞘蛇菰的三萜及甾醇成分研究

目的：研究蛇菰科筒鞘蛇菰Balanophora involicrata Hook,f．的化学成分,方法：采用反复硅胶柱层析分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和光变分析鉴定基化学结构,结果,从筒鞘蛇菰的石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取部分共分得8个化合物,鉴定了其中的6个,即：熊果烷－12烯－11－羰基－3－醇正二十八酸酯 （ursa-12-ene-11-one-3-ol octocosate,I),β－香树酯醇正十六酸酯（β－amyrin hexadecatnte,II),β－香树脂醇（β－amyrin,III）,羽扇豆醇（lupeol,IV),β－谷甾醇（β－sitosterol,V)和β－谷甾醇葡萄糖苷（β－sitosterol glucoside,VI)结论：除V外,各化合物均为首次从该植物吩得,其中化合物I为新化合物。     

桂林紫薇的化学成分研究

目的：对桂林紫薇茎的化学成分进行研究。方法：利用反复硅胶柱层析进行分离和纯化，通过理化方法及光谱分析鉴定其结构。结果：从桂林紫薇茎的乙醇提取物中分得9个化合物，包括6个三萜，分别鉴定为羽扇豆醇（lupeol,I），木栓烷酮（friedelin,Ⅱ），白桦脂醇（betulin,Ⅲ），阿江三萜醇酸（arjunolic acid,Ⅳ），胶三萜－5－烯－3β－醇（glut-5-en-3β-ol,V），齐墩果酸（oleanolic acid, Ⅵ），β－谷甾醇（Ⅶ），胡萝卜苷（Ⅷ），三十五烷（pentatriacontane，Ⅸ）。结论：以上化合物I～Ⅵ，Ⅶ，Ⅸ均为首次从该属植物中分得。     

人参根和根茎中新的聚乙炔类化学成分

目的研究人参Panax ginseng根和根茎的聚乙炔类化学成分。方法采用硅胶、反相HPLC等柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过红外、紫外、质谱、核磁共振等谱学数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从人参根和根茎的95%乙醇水提取物中分离得到17个聚乙炔类化合物,分别鉴定为人参炔K(1)、人参炔醇(2)、(9Z)-1-甲氧基-9-十七碳烯-4,6-二炔-3-酮(3)、竹节参炔A(4)、(3R,9R,10R)-人参炔三醇(5)、10-甲氧基十七碳-1,16-二烯-4,6-二炔-3,9-二醇(6)、人参炔A(7)、10-甲氧基十七碳-1-烯-4,6-二炔-3,9-二醇(8)、西洋参炔醇7(9)、9,10-环氧-16-十七碳烯-4,6-二炔-3-醇(10)、人参环氧炔醇(11)、人参炔D(12)、西洋参炔醇4(13)、1-甲氧基-(9R,10S)-环氧十七碳-4,6-二炔-3-酮(14)、人参炔E(15)、人参炔二醇(16)和人参炔(17)。结论化合物6和10为新化合物,分别命名为人参炔三醇甲醚(panaxytriol methyl ether)和人参环氧烯炔醇(panaxenydol);化合物4、9和13为首次从人参根和根茎中分离得到。     

锁阳的抗艾滋病毒蛋白酶活性成分(2)-齐墩果酸丙二酸半酯的分离和鉴定

目的：进一步研究锁阳（cynomorium songaricum)的抑制艾滋病毒蛋白酶活性成分。方法：采用包括HPLC在内的各种色变法分离；光谱法鉴定。结果：从锁阳中分离，鉴定出齐墩果酸丙二酸半酯（malonyl oleanolic acid hemiester I)和姜油酮葡萄糖苷（zingerone 4-O-β－D－glucopyranoside Ⅱ)。结论：化合物I和Ⅱ均为首次从锁阳科植物中分到；化合物I具抗艾滋病毒蛋白酶活性。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。