伊犁贝母总生物碱对豚鼠的平喘作用及其机理

目的 :研究伊犁贝母总生物碱 (FPA)对豚鼠的平喘作用及其作用机理。方法 :以乙酰胆碱 组胺引喘法观察FPA对豚鼠的平喘作用 ;制备豚鼠气管螺旋条标本 ,通过观察其张力变化研究FPA对离体气管平滑肌基础张力的影响及其组胺和卡巴胆碱对气管收缩的抑制作用。结果 :FPA在 10 ,2 0 ,4 0mg/kg剂量下连续灌胃给药 5d ,对乙酰胆碱 组胺所致的豚鼠哮喘具有显著的延长引喘潜伏期的作用 ;对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的基础张力无显著影响 ,对组胺引起的收缩也无显著的抑制作用 ,对卡巴胆碱引起的收缩 ,FPA在 10mg/L浓度时开始呈现非常显著的抑制作用 (P <0 .0 1) ,对 6 μmol/L卡巴胆碱的IC50 为 14 7mg/L。FPA可浓度依赖性地使卡巴胆碱量效曲线向右平移 ,最大收缩张力无显著变化。结论 :FPA对豚鼠具有平喘作用 ,其作用机制与竞争性拮抗气管平滑肌M受体有关     

蝉蜕对豚鼠离体气管环的作用研究

目的：观察蝉蜕对豚鼠离体气管环平滑肌张力的影响,探讨蝉蜕的平喘作用机制。方法：分别以1g/ml、5g/ml、10g/ml三种不同浓度的蝉蜕提取物（CPE）作用于离体豚鼠气管环,观察气管环平滑肌张力的变化;同时观察中剂量蝉蜕提取物对磷酸组胺（His）和乙酰甲胆碱（Ach）诱发豚鼠支气管平滑肌收缩反应的影响。结果：蝉蜕提取物对离体豚鼠气管环的平滑肌张力无改变;对His和Ach引起的豚鼠支气管平滑肌的收缩反应无拮抗作用。结论：蝉蜕的平喘作用机制并非通过直接舒张支气管平滑肌发挥作用,可能是通过神经-体液-免疫系统的整体调节作用实现的。     

射干提取物含药血清对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响

目的:研究射干提取物含药血清对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响.方法:取豚鼠气管,在Kreb's液中制备气管平滑肌螺旋条,于恒温浴槽装置中,加入组胺(His)使其收缩,观察加入射干提取物含药血清后3,5,10 min的解痉率.结果:射干提取物含药血清对组胺引起的气管平滑肌收缩反应有一定拈抗作用,其中剂量(0.46 g?kg-1)3,5,10 min解痉率分别为44.29％,45.27％和48.30％;高剂量(0.92 g?kg-1)3,5 min解痉率分别为31.17％和31.83％,与空白对照组比较有显著性差异(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01),药物与标本接触5 min效果最好.结论:射干提取物含药血清对His引起的气管平滑肌收缩反应具有一定的拮抗作用.     

胡颓子叶对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响

目的 研究胡颓子叶乙醇提取物正丁醇部位(胡颓子叶正丁醇部位)对正常及多种致痉剂诱导的豚鼠气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响.方法 制备豚鼠离体气管平滑肌螺旋条,在其正常状态下以及用乙酰胆碱、组胺、氯化钾、无钙下乙酰胆碱诱导细胞内钙释放和高钙下诱发细胞外钙内流条件下,观察胡颓子叶正丁醇部位对离体气管张力的影响.结果 胡颓子叶正丁醇部位对静息状态下的豚鼠离体气管平滑肌有明显的舒张作用,使乙酰胆碱和组胺的量效曲线发生明显右移,抑制加入高钾或高钙后引发细胞外钙内流导致的收缩.结论 胡颓子叶正丁醇部位能明显抑制正常状态及多种致痉剂诱发的豚鼠气管平滑肌收缩.     

药对麻黄地龙配比及平喘作用机制的研究

目的:考察药对麻黄、地龙用量配比及可能的平喘作用机制。方法:观察麻黄、地龙3种用量配比(1∶1,1∶3,1∶9)水煎液对10μmol.L-1卡巴胆碱(carbachol,CCh),10μmol.L^-1组胺(histamine,His)引起离体气管平滑肌张力增加的松弛作用,以及对10μmol.L^-1CCh引起的离体气管上皮短路电流增加的抑制作用。结果:对于10μmol.L^-1CCh引起的离体大鼠气管平滑肌收缩,麻黄地龙3种配比水提物的舒张作用随剂量增加而增强,1∶1,1∶3水提物的IC50分别为7.5,15 mg.mL^-1,1∶9水提物不能产生对CCh引发最大收缩抑制50%的效应;对于10μmol.L^-1His所引起的离体豚鼠气管平滑肌收缩,麻黄地龙3种配比水提物的舒张作用随剂量增加而增强,1∶9,1∶3,1∶1水提物的IC50分别为0.19,0.61,1.8 mg.mL-1;在抑制CCh引起的离体大鼠气管上皮短路电流增加方面,三者的作用强度顺序为1∶3>1∶1>1∶9,三者没有显著性差异。结论:麻黄、地龙药对具有舒张离体气管平滑肌和抑制气管上皮离子分泌的作用,其作用机制包括抗CCh和抗His作用。1∶3是麻黄、地龙药对中的最适配比。     

大果木姜子油对离体内脏平滑肌的药理作用

大果木姜子油能对抗高K~ 及NE所致的家兔离体主动脉条收缩,使量—效曲线非平行右移,最大反应降低,呈非竞争拮抗作用;能松弛豚鼠离体正常气管平滑肌及组胺、Ach致痉的气管平滑肌;对离体肠平滑肌有较明显的松弛作用,并能对抗Ach、组胺及Bacl_2对肠肌的收缩作用。提示大果木姜子油是一内脏平滑肌松弛药。急性及长期毒性试验表明本品毒性低。     

射干抗病毒片与其含药血清对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌作用的比较研究

目的:比较射干抗病毒片原液与其含药血清对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩作用。方法:制备豚鼠离体气管平滑肌螺旋条,加入组胺使其收缩,观察加入射干抗病毒片及其含药血清后5min的解痉百分率。结果:射干抗病毒片及其含药血清均能提高组胺引起的气管平滑肌收缩反应的解痉率,原液效果优于含药血清。结论:射干抗病毒片原液对His引起的气管平滑肌收缩反应的拮抗作用优于含药血清。     

青藤碱组胺释放作用与抗组胺收缩肠管作用研究

目的:探讨青藤碱的组胺释放作用及其对组胺引起的回肠收缩反应的影响。方法:采用豚鼠腹腔肥大细胞体外孵化试验观察组胺释放作用。采用豚鼠离体回肠实验观察组胺诱导的回肠平滑肌收缩张力的变化及药物作用。结果:青藤碱50、100、150、200、250、300μmol/L和CP48/8010μg/ml可引起豚鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放组胺,青藤碱在50-250μmol/L范围内肥大细胞组胺释放率随药物浓度增加而提高,但增加至300μmol/L时,组胺释放率不再随用药浓度而提高。青藤碱10、50、100、150、300μmol/L对豚鼠正常回肠平滑肌节律性收缩曲线未见明显影响。组胺能引起豚鼠回肠平滑肌张力显著增加,青藤碱50、100、150、300μmol/L对组胺引起的回肠收缩有明显抑制作用。结论:青藤碱对豚鼠腹腔肥大细胞具有明显的组胺释放作用,对组胺引起的豚鼠回肠平滑肌收缩青藤碱有显著抑制作用。     

野马追对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响

目的 :研究野马追对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响。方法 :离体豚鼠气管螺旋条上建立不同浓度野马追孵育时各致痉剂的量效曲线 ,观察野马追对各致痉剂引起收缩的影响。结果 :野马追对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的静息张力和乙酰胆碱、组胺、氯化钙、氯化钾、氯化钡所致的收缩都有抑制作用 ,使以上各致痉剂的量效曲线非平行右移 ,最大效应降低 ,其强度依次为BaCl2>KCl>CaCl2 >His >Ach ,并明显抑制乙酰胆碱所致的外钙内流引起的收缩 ,以上作用均具剂量依赖性。结论 :野马追为以上各激动剂的非竞争性拮抗剂 ,其作用机制可能与钙通道的阻滞作用有关。     

化橘红提取物对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响

目的:研究化橘红提取物对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌收缩功能的影响.方法:以离体豚鼠螺旋条作为实验对象,建立不同浓度化橘红提取物孵育时各致痉剂的量效曲线,观察化橘红提取物对各致痉剂引起收缩的影响.结果:化橘红提取物对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的静息张力和乙酰胆碱、组胺、氯化钙、氯化钾、氯化钡所致的收缩都有抑制作用,使以上各致痉剂的量效曲线非平行右移,最大效应降低,其强度依次为BaCl2》KCl》CaCl2》His》Ach,并明显抑制乙酰胆碱所致的外钙内流引起的收缩,以上作用均具剂量依赖性.结论:化橘红提取物是以上各激动剂的非竞争性拮抗剂,其作用机制可能与钙通道的阻滞作用有关.     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用

目的::研究七味红花殊胜敬对缺血再灌注肝损伤的保护作用.方法:在大鼠肝缺血再灌注模型上,观察七味红花殊胜散对缺血再灌注肝损伤引起的血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化.结果:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠血清MDA、SOD、GSH与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05),NO含量与再灌组比较有明显差异(P<0.05).结论:七味红花殊胜散对大鼠急性缺血再灌注肝损伤具有保护作用.     

Methodology of Canine/Feline YNSA and Tail Acupuncture

BackgroundYamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) is a well-known acupuncture system for human patients which was developed by Dr. Yamamoto.ObjectiveMy aim was to transpose the human YNSA map onto canines and felines.MethodI started researching a canine/feline YNSA map in 2002. I investigated approximately 3,000 canines and felines for YNSA and 2,500 for Tail Acupuncture. The ratio of canines and felines was 6 to 4. I researched and found all the equivalent points by palpating animal patients on the basis of an exact Neck Diagnosis.ResultsI nearly completed the map in 2006. The points in the occipital region are incomplete and my research is still in progress. In the process of researching canine/feline YNSA points, I accidentally found the other microsystems around the tail and named it “Tail Acupuncture”.ConclusionsYNSA and Tail Acupuncture are acupuncture systems utilizing microsystems and support each other in canines and felines. The merits of YNSA and Tail Acupuncture are 1) immediate effects, such as in cases of lameness, 2) simplicity in finding the exact points to treat and 3) the scalp and the tail can be utilized separately or together as treatment zones, according to the situation.     

Chinesische Orthopädie: Teil 1: Die Zukunft der Akupunktur in der Postmoderne

The locomotor system is one of the major fields of application for acupuncture. The results of the large acupuncture studies funded by German Health Insurances from 2000 until 2006 are impressive and repressive: they restrict acupuncture application by allocation of reimbursement and create the necessity of reorientation, since acupuncture can neither be adequately described nor prescribed solely on the basis of disease entities. Regarding these disease entities, it seems rather necessary to analyse the layers of problems and formulate a hierarchy of therapeutic goals instead. Only in this way the effects of acupuncture, related techniques and further therapeutic modalities can be matched with the set of objectives. The article presents general principles and follows their application from biological aspects to implications for the locomotor system and consequences for the application of physical therapy. The manual of acupuncture focuses on therapeutic effects and objectives first, and then goes on to sketch simple therapeutic strategies and finally complex approaches within acupuncture. These may encompass acupuncture, microsystem acupuncture and complex therapeutic modes.     

Fallbericht: Patientin mit Schlafstörung

Background

Since the onset of her menopause about ten years ago, a sixty-year old patient has been suffering from hot flashes and sleep disorders causing her to become increasingly anxious and nervous. As the patient's mother had died of breast cancer, substitution of hormones was not advisable. Relaxation methods such as Yoga and Autogenic Training could only mildly alleviate the symptoms.

Objective

To effectively treat the sleep disorder, improve quality of life, lessen frequency and severity of hot flashes

Methods

Weekly sessions with ear- and body acupuncture for ten weeks

Results

After the third acupuncture session the patient reported a decrease of nightly waking episodes but suffered from acute pain in the neck as well as shoulder region. After nine therapy sessions, the patient reported a 50% decrease of nightly waking episodes. The hot flashes, however, remained unchanged.

Discussion

In this case, acupuncture significantly improved the patient's sleeping disorder. It also reduced the symptoms of anxiety and nervousness. Other menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and dryness of mucous tissues, could not be influenced.     

Patientin mit chronisch rezidivierenden Gelenks- und Wirbelsäulenschmerzen

Background

Acupuncture as a regulative therapy is well-suited for the treatment of functional, reversible disorders. Additionally, the WHO recommends its application for pain therapy in cases of arthritis and back pain due to various causes. This case study should clarify which paths to take in the case of a multi-morbid patient suffering from chronic pains due to polyarthrosis.

Objective

Pain reduction and improvement of quality of life as well as improvement of sleep quality.

Methods

Annual treatment series consisting of 10 sessions each, one session per week.

Results

short-term pain reduction before undergoing endoprosthetic surgery; considerable improvement of general status and sleep.

Conclusions

Acupuncture may bring temporal relief in cases of chronic pain due to osteoarthritis and should therefore be applied in combination with western medicine. Acupuncture is particularly well-suited to treat the co-emergent vegetative symptoms.     

蜂蜜炼制前后黄酮类成分种类和含量变化分析

目的研究中药辅料蜂蜜炼制前后黄酮类成分变化。方法参考《中药药剂学》,对不同来源的6种蜂蜜进行炼制。供试品经固相萃取法富集黄酮类成分。采用高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱(HPLC-TQ-MS)法测定,Thermo Accucore RP-MS色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量0.3 m L/min,柱温30℃。质谱条件:采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),正离子检测模式,多反应监测模式(MRM)扫描分析。结果蜂蜜中共检测到12种黄酮类成分,包括黄酮苷元、二氢黄酮苷元和异黄酮苷元。黄酮苷元有8种:槲皮素、桑黄素、木犀草素、山柰酚、芹菜素、汉黄芩素、高良姜素和白杨素;二氢黄酮苷元有3种:短叶松素、柚皮素和乔松素;异黄酮苷元染料木素。不同蜜源蜂蜜所含黄酮类成分种类和含量存在明显差异。6个蜂蜜样品炼制后,都发现了蜂蜜中没有报道过的芦丁和芸香柚皮苷,12种检测到的蜂蜜黄酮类成分在炼制后其量都有不同程度的变化,椴树蜜的槲皮素、桑黄素、木犀草素、山柰酚、芹菜素、汉黄芩素、乔松素和白杨素量均有增加,短叶松素、柚皮素和高良姜素量没增加反而还有下降的;洋槐蜜中除芹菜素量增加不明显外,其余均有所增加,尤其是槲皮素和桑黄素增加的较为明显;百花蜜和枣花蜜12种黄酮类成分量均显著增加。结论炼制可造成蜂蜜中黄酮类成分的种类和含量发生改变。