加味丹栀逍遥散对抑郁模型大鼠海马内盐皮质激素受体和糖皮质激素受体的影响

目的:观察加味丹栀逍遥散对抑郁模型大鼠海马内盐皮质激素受体(MR)和糖皮质激素受体(GR)含量的影响。方法:将50只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、氟西汀组、加味丹栀逍遥散低剂量组、加味丹栀逍遥散高剂量组,每组10只;采用孤养结合慢性轻度不可预见性应激的复合模型,除空白组外,其余各组均接受不同应激因子刺激21 d,建立慢性应激抑郁大鼠模型,随后分别按氟西汀组2.5 mg·kg-1、加味丹栀逍遥散低、高剂量组2.04,4.08 g·kg-1,各组均按10 mL·kg-1ig给药,空白对照组和模型组ig 10 mL·kg-1生理盐水1次/d,每天应激前灌胃,从造模第22天开始,至动物处死当天,共21 d,实验周期共42 d;采用蛋白印迹法(Western-blot)测定大鼠海马内糖皮质激素受体(GR)和盐皮质激素受体(MR)的蛋白表达。结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠海马内GR的蛋白表达下调而MR的蛋白表达升高;经治疗后,各组大鼠海马内GR的蛋白表达较模型组显著上调(P<0.05),而各组大鼠海马内MR的蛋白表达较模型组显著下调(P<0.05)。结论:加味丹栀逍遥散可以通过调节海马内GR和MR的蛋白表达而起到抗抑郁的作用,经过药物干预后的模型大鼠海马内GR表达升高而MR的表达下调,其抗抑郁的作用机制可能与海马内GR和MR之间的比例关系失调有关。     

柴越汤对抑郁症大鼠HPA轴的调节作用

目的:探讨柴越汤对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的作用及可能的机制,为临床用药提供理论依据。方法:将筛选合格的60只雄性Wistar大鼠适应性饲养1周后,随机分成正常组、抑郁模型组、阳性组、中药治疗组(包括柴越汤组、小柴胡汤组和越鞠丸组)。除正常组外,其余各组接受孤养结合慢性轻度不可预见性不同应激源的刺激21d制备抑郁模型。造模后按临床等效剂量给予药物干预,持续给药21 d,给药期间,各造模组大鼠均继续给与刺激。通过体重变化、糖水消耗和敞箱实验进行行为学评价,海马组织形态学变化、大鼠血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH),皮质酮(CORT)的变化,脑内海马糖皮质激素受体(GR)和盐皮质激素受体(MR)蛋白表达的变化,探讨柴越汤的抗抑郁作用机制。结果:与模型组比较,各给药组均可显著提高大鼠体重、增加大鼠糖水消耗比率和行为学得分(P0.05),逆转抑郁模型大鼠过高的血浆ACTH和CORT水平,上调大鼠的海马GR蛋白的表达,而对MR蛋白无影响,在中药组中以柴越汤效果更好。结论:柴越汤对抑郁症具有良好的疗效,拆方后小柴胡汤组、越鞠丸治疗抑郁症疗效较柴越汤略有下降。其作用机制可能通过增强海马GR蛋白的表达,降低血浆ACTH含量和血清CORT含量而起到抗抑郁作用。     

逍遥散抗慢性心理应激海马神经元凋亡的机理研究

目的 观察逍遥散抗慢性心理应激海马神经元凋亡及糖皮质激素受体(GR)表达的影响.方法 Wistar 大鼠按体重分为正常组、模型组、逍遥散组.正常组及模型组灌胃等量生理盐水,逍遥散组给予逍遥散7.02g/kg.观察实验前后大鼠体重及糖水偏爱度的变化,采用PI法检测大鼠海马神经元凋亡,原位杂交法检测GR mrRNA表达.结果 经过21 d慢性轻度不可预计应激(CMUS)造模后,模型组、逍遥散组体重及增重明显低于正常组(P<0.01),模型组的糖水偏爱度明显低于正常组(P<0.01),模型组大鼠海马神经元凋亡率明显增加(P<0.05),GR mRNA表达降低(P<0.01);逍遥散可显著降低大鼠海马神经元凋亡率(P<0.05),升高GR mRNA表达(P<0.01).结论 表明CMUS可引起大鼠糖水偏爱度下降,而逍遥散能逆转CMUS抑郁大鼠的糖水偏爱度的下降,可显著改善慢性心理应激所致大鼠海马神经元凋亡,其机理可能与调节GR mRNA表达有关.     

针刺对抑郁模型大鼠皮层及海马脑源性神经营养因子基因和蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察针刺对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠额叶皮层和海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)基因和蛋白表达的影响,初步探讨针刺治疗抑郁症的机制。方法:将24只SD大鼠随机分为4组:空白组、空白+针刺组、模型组、模型+针刺组,每组6只。采用孤养结合慢性应激的方法造模。针刺干预选用"百会"透刺"印堂"穴,直刺单侧"内关"穴,留针20min,隔日1次。采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测大鼠额叶皮层和海马BDNF mRNA表达,免疫印迹技术检测大鼠额叶皮层和海马BDNF蛋白表达水平。结果:与空白组相比,模型组大鼠额叶皮层、海马BDNF mRNA与蛋白表达水平明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.05);空白+针刺组大鼠额叶皮层、海马BDNF mRNA与蛋白表达水平无显著性变化(均P>0.05)。与模型组相比,模型+针刺组大鼠额叶皮层和海马BDNF mRNA与蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠额叶皮层和海马内BDNF含量减少,针刺治疗可以上调额叶皮层和海马区BDNF的表达水平,这可能是针刺发挥抗抑郁治疗作用的途径之一。     

佛手挥发油的抗抑郁作用机制探讨

目的:在探讨佛手挥发油对慢性应激所致大鼠抑郁模型(CUMS)的干预作用.方法:90只Wistar大鼠随机分为6组,每组15只,分别为空白对照组、模型组、阳性药组(10 mg? kg -1氟西汀ig 21 d)、佛手挥发油低、中、高剂量(150,300,600mg?kg-1佛手挥发油ig21 d).除空白对照组外,其余5组大鼠经历21 d慢性应激造成抑郁模型,各组大鼠造模同时给予相应药物.21 d慢性应激后以糖水偏爱和旷场测试测定动物的行为变化,放免法测定大鼠血清中皮质酮(CORT)水平,蛋白免疫印迹法测定脑组织神经营养因子(BDNF)的蛋白表达水平.结果:与正常组大鼠比较,模型组经过慢性应激3周后大鼠糖水偏好由(88.1±13.3)％降至(60.5±9.8)％旷场水平评分及垂直评分分别由(123.5±21.3)和(38.2±5.9)降为(72.5±12.7)和(17.1±5.1),表明慢性应激导致大鼠产生抑郁样行为;同时,抑郁大鼠的血清CORT水平由(42.1±7.7) μg?L-1增加为(117.6±19.3) μg?L-1,海马BDNF表达水平由(0.22±0.04)降为(0.07±0.02).佛手挥发油干预治疗后能呈剂量依赖地改善由慢性应激所致的大鼠抑郁行为及生化指标改变.其中300,600 mg?kg-1佛手挥发油组糖水偏好分别为(70.7±10.2)％和(77.1±11.9)％,与抑郁组比较有显著的统计学差异(分别为P＜0.05和P＜0.01);150,300,600 mg?kg-1佛手挥发油组旷场水平评分分别为(87.7±15.4),(98.3±19.7),(110.3±28.9),与抑郁组比较有显著差异(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01);300,600 mg?kg -1佛手挥发油组旷场垂直评分分别为(24.5±6.3),(29.2±7.2),与抑郁组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);皮质酮浓度分别为(90.1±13.5),(77.5±10.7) μg?L-1,与抑郁组比较有显著差异(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01);300,600 mg?kg-1佛手挥发油组海马BDNF相对含量为(0.15±0.03)和(0.18±0.03),与抑郁组比较有显著的统计学差异(分别为P＜0.05和P＜0.01).结论:佛手挥发油的抗抑郁作用机制可能与调节血清CORT水平和海马组织BDNF表达水平有关.     

橙皮苷对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为学及HPA轴的影响

目的:观察橙皮苷对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠行为学及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的影响.方法:采用慢性轻度不可预见性应激(CUMS)制备大鼠抑郁模型,60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、橙皮苷(40,80,160 mg· kg-1)组及阳性药氟西汀(10mg.kg-1)组.连续灌胃给药3周,糖水偏爱实验和强迫游泳实验测定动物行为学,检测血清皮质酮(CORT)、肾上腺指数、下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRF) mRNA以及下丘脑室旁核糖皮质激素受体(GR)蛋白,探讨橙皮苷的抗抑郁作用及机制.结果:与模型组相比,橙皮苷(40,80,160 mg·kg-1)治疗组大鼠的糖水消耗量均明显增加、强迫游泳不动时间有不同程度的减少.同时,橙皮苷能逆转CUMS大鼠过高的血清CORT水平和肾上腺指数,并能抑制CUMS大鼠下丘脑CRF mRNA表达、上调室旁核GR蛋白表达.结论:橙皮苷能有效改善CUMS大鼠行为学,表现出抗抑郁作用,其机制可能与调节HPA轴的功能有关.     

人参皂苷Rb1对抑郁症大鼠海马5-HT及5-HT1A受体表达的影响

目的研究人参皂苷Rb1对抑郁大鼠海马5-HT及5-HT1A受体的作用,探讨人参皂苷Rb1抗抑郁作用机制。方法选用成年Wistar大鼠45只,分为对照组、模型组和治疗组。给予慢性不可预性温和应激(CUMS)建立抑郁模型,治疗组给予人参皂苷Rb1。采用糖水偏好实验、高架十字迷宫实验和Morris水迷宫实验进行行为学检测,采用高效液相色谱法测定海马5-HT浓度,Western blot检测5-HT1A受体表达。结果模型组大鼠糖水偏好百分比明显降低(P0.05),进入开臂次数和停留时间百分比增高(P0.05),水迷宫逃避潜伏期延长(P0.05);治疗组能逆转这些改变;模型组大鼠海马5-HT含量和5-HT1A受体表达水平明显低于对照组(P0.05),治疗组5-HT含量和5-HT1A受体表达水平明显升高,但仍低于对照组(P0.05)。结论人参皂苷Rb1抗抑郁作用可能与影响海马5-HT水平及5-HT1A受体表达有关。     

龙牡桂枝汤及其拆方对注意缺陷多动障碍模型大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的影响

目的:探讨龙牡桂枝汤及其拆方对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)动物模型—自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPA)的调节作用,阐释复方配伍的科学内涵。方法:幼年雄性SHR大鼠随机分为生理盐水组,盐酸哌甲酯组(2 mg·kg~(-1)),龙牡桂枝汤组(30 g·kg~(-1)),桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤组(21 g·kg~(-1)),甘麦大枣汤组(9.24 g·kg~(-1)),石菖蒲-远志组(4.62 g·kg~(-1)),分别予相应药物灌胃14 d,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH),促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH),皮质酮(CORT)的含量,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测下丘脑盐皮质激素受体(MR),糖皮质激素受体(GR),CRH及海马GR,MR mRNA的表达水平。结果:与生理盐水组比较,盐酸哌甲酯组、龙牡桂枝汤组大鼠血清CORT,ACTH,CRH水平,下丘脑GR,CRH及海马MR,GR mRNA的表达水平明显升高(P0.05,P0.01),其海马GR mRNA表达明显高于盐酸哌甲酯组(P0.01)。拆方研究显示:与生理盐水组比较,桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤组和甘麦大枣汤组大鼠血清ACTH,CRH水平,下丘脑MR,GR,CRH及海马GR,MR mRNA的表达明显升高(P0.05,P0.01),桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤组大鼠血清CORT水平明显升高(P0.01),石菖蒲-远志组大鼠血清ACTH水平明显升高(P0.05)。结论:龙牡桂枝汤治疗ADHD的作用机制与提高血清CORT,ACTH,CRH水平,增加下丘脑MR,GR,CRH及海马GR,MR mRNA的表达,从而调控HPA轴功能有关。各拆方药组对HPA轴功能的影响程度依次为桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤甘麦大枣汤石菖蒲-远志。     

舒郁散对慢性应激抑郁大鼠行为及海马BDNF表达的影响

目的观察中药舒郁散对慢性应激抑郁大鼠的行为学变化和海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)蛋白表达的影响。方法 50只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、百忧解组、舒郁散小剂量组、舒郁散大剂量组;对大鼠进行21 d的应激刺激建立慢性应激抑郁大鼠模型,观察各组糖水摄入量及强迫游泳测试等行为学指标变化,用免疫组化方法检测大鼠BDNF蛋白表达。结果造模后,模型组大鼠糖水消耗明显下降;大剂量舒郁散能明显增加慢性应激抑郁大鼠的糖水消耗量,能明显缩短抑郁大鼠游泳不动时间,与模型组比较有显著差异;模型组大鼠海马BDNF蛋白表达减少,大剂量舒郁散给药后海马BDNF蛋白表达阳性细胞明显增加,且较模型组明显。结论舒郁散可改善慢性应激抑郁大鼠行为、具有抗抑郁的作用,其抗抑郁作用可能与增加海马BDNF蛋白表达有关。     

当归补血汤对慢性轻度不可预见性刺激抑郁模型大鼠行为学及HPA轴的影响

目的:观察当归补血汤对慢性轻度不可预见性刺激郁模型大鼠行为学和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴(HPA轴)的影响。方法:将120只SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、当归补血汤高、中、低剂量组(8,4,2 g·kg-1)和阳性药组(盐酸氟西汀,3.33 mg·kg-1)。除正常组外,其余各组采用慢性轻度不可预见性刺激法(CUMS)制备抑郁大鼠模型。各给药组动物灌胃给相应药物,正常组和模型组大鼠灌胃给予等体积生理盐水;每日1次,连续21 d。分别于第0,7,14,21天采用强迫游泳实验、悬尾实验和旷场实验等方法对抑郁模型大鼠的行为学改变进行检测,并于21 d采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质酮(CORT)水平,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应法(Real-time PCR)检测大鼠下丘脑促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH),下丘脑、垂体和海马糖皮质激素受体(GR)mRNA表达水平。结果:当归补血汤高、中剂量组可显著减少抑郁模型大鼠强迫游泳实验和悬尾实验的不动时间(P0.05);显著增多旷场实验穿格数次数(P0.05);显著降低血清CORT和ACTH水平(P0.05);当归补血汤高剂量组可下调CRH mRNA表达水平;上调下丘脑、垂体和海马的GR mRNA的表达水平(P0.05)。结论:当归补血汤具有改善CUMS大鼠抑郁行为的作用,表现出抗抑郁作用,其调节HPA轴功能是抗抑郁作用的重要机制之一。     

Effects of SYJN,a Chinese herbal formula,on chronic unpredictable stress-induced changes in behavior and brain BDNF in rats

Aim of the study

Suyu-Jiaonang (SYJN) is a Chinese herbal formula that contains four herbs: Bupleurum chinense DC, Curcuma aromatica Salisb., Perilla frutescens (Linn.) Britt., and Acorus tatarinowii Schott. Previous studies conducted in our laboratory have revealed an antidepressant-like effect of the formula in various mouse models of behavioral despair. The present study aimed to investigate whether SYJN could produce antidepressant-like effects in chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depression model in rats and its possible mechanism(s).

Materials and methods

Rats were subjected to an experimental setting of CUS. The effect of SYJN treatment on CUS-induced depression was examined using behavioral tests including the sucrose consumption and open field tests. The mechanism underlying the antidepressant-like action of SYJN was examined by measuring brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein and mRNA expression in brain tissues of CUS-exposed rats.

Results

Exposure to CUS for 4 weeks caused depression-like behavior in rats, as indicated by significant decreases in sucrose consumption and locomotor activity (assessed in the open field test). In addition, it was found that BDNF protein and mRNA levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were lower in CUS-treated rats, as compared to controls. Daily intragastric administration of SYJN (1300 or 2600 mg/kg) during the 4-week period of CUS significantly suppressed behavioral changes and attenuated the CUS-induced decrease in BDNF protein and mRNA levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex.

Conclusion

The results suggest that SYJN alleviates depression induced by CUS. The antidepressant-like activity of SYJN is likely mediated by the increase in BDNF expression in brain tissues.     

Ethanol extracts from Hemerocallis citrina attenuate the decreases of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,TrkB levels in rat induced by corticosterone administration

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Hemerocallis citrina, a traditional herbal medicine, has been used for the improvement of behavioral and emotional status in Eastern-Asia countries.

Aim of the study

Our previous studies have demonstrated that the ethanol extracts of H. citrina flowers (HCE) reversed the behavioral alterations and monoamine neurotransmitter dysfunctions in stressed mice. However, the relation of its antidepressant-like action with neurotrophic molecular expressions remains unknown.

Materials and methods

To clarify this, we explored the effect of HCE (32.5, 65, 130 mg/kg, p.o.) on the behavior, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor (TrkB) in depression-like rats induced by exogenous administration of the stress hormone corticosterone (40 mg/kg, s.c.).

Results

It was observed that repeated administration of corticosterone induced an elevation on the serum corticosterone levels, which caused the abnormalities observed in the sucrose preference test and forced swimming test (FST). Administration of HCE (65 and 130 mg/kg) reversed the changes above and up-regulated the BDNF and TrkB receptor protein expressions in the brain region of frontal cortex and hippocampus.

Conclusion

These findings confirm that HCE produce an antidepressant-like effect in corticosterone-induced depression-like model of rats and this effect is at least partly mediated by BDNF-TrkB signaling in the frontal cortex and hippocampus.     

Ethanol extracts from Hemerocallis citrina attenuate the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Hemerocallis citrina, a traditional herbal medicine, has been used for the improvement of behavioral and emotional status in Eastern-Asia countries. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that ethanol extracts from Hemerocallis citrina (HCE) enhanced monoamines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in depression-like model of rodents.

Materials and methods

The present study extends earlier works on the role of anti-inflammation in regulating the antidepressant-like actions of HCE in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Frontal cortex and hippocampal proinflammatory cytokines levels and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity were measured after 4-week HCE treatment in the CUMS an control rats.

Results

Chronic administration of HCE reversed the decreased sucrose preference in sucrose preference test. In addition, we also found that HCE inhibited interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression, as well as IDO activity in frontal cortex and hippocampus, which were increased in rats exposed to CUMS.

Conclusions

Combining with our previous studies, our present finding suggests that the anti-inflammatory property of HCE might play a crucial role in its antidepressant-like effect through, at least in part, the restoration or improvement of monoaminergic and neurotrophin systems.     

陈皮提取物改善慢性温和不可预知应激小鼠行为和海马BDNF的研究

目的:探讨陈皮提取物对慢性温和不可预知应激(CUMS)抑郁模型小鼠的行为和对脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)表达水平的影响。方法:ICR小鼠根据糖水偏好百分比随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照盐酸氟西汀20 mg·kg-1组及陈皮提取物100,200,400 mg·kg-1组;除空白对照组外,各组均接受CUMS,造模28 d后开始灌胃给药;各组连续给药28 d后,糖水偏好实验测定糖水偏好百分比、新奇抑制摄食实验测定摄食潜伏期、强迫游泳实验测定不动时间;荧光实时定量PCR和ELISA法测定大脑海马BDNF含量。结果:慢性应激后,模型对照组小鼠糖水偏好百分比减少,摄食潜伏期延长,不动时间增多,海马BDNF含量显著降低;与模型对照组比较,陈皮提取物组能显著改善抑郁小鼠行为学指标,显著提高小鼠海马BDNF含量。结论:陈皮提取物对CUMS模型小鼠有抗抑郁作用,其机制可能与增加海马BDNF有关。     

Antidepressant-like effects of Xiaochaihutang in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Xiaochaihutang (XCHT) has been used in China for thousands of years to treat “Shaoyang syndrome”, which involves depressive-like symptoms. However, few studies have investigated its antidepressant effects and pharmacological mechanism of action. The present study was designed to confirm the antidepressant effect of XCHT using a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model and explore its potential mechanism of action by investigating the monoamine neurotransmitters (dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine) and neurotrophins (BDNF and NGF).

Materials and methods

The CUMS model was established in rats, and the antidepressant effect of XCHT (0.6, 1.7 and 5 mg/kg/day, given by gastric gavage for 4 weeks) was investigated using the open field test (OFT), food consumption test and sucrose preference test. The concentrations of 5-HT and DA in the hippocampus were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and their receptors tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) and tyrosine receptor kinase A (TrkA) in the hippocampus were measured by immunohistochemical staining analysis.

Results

CUMS caused a significant decrease in OFT, food consumption and sucrose preference in rats, and these depression-like behaviors were significantly improved by XCHT (1.7 and 5 g/kg/day). Moreover, XCHT significantly increased the concentrations of 5-HT (0.6 and 5 g/kg/day) and DA (5 g/kg/day), and improved the BDNF, NGF, TrkB and TrkA expressions in the hippocampus (1.7 and 5 g/kg/day), which was reduced in CUMS rats.

Conclusion

The results obtained suggested that XCHT may have therapeutic actions on depression-like behavior induced by CUMS in rats possibly mediated by increasing the monoamine neurotransmitter concentration and neurotrophin expression in the hippocampus.     

逍遥丸对皮质酮诱导小鼠抑郁样行为的干预机制※

目的:观察逍遥丸对皮质酮诱导小鼠抑郁样行为的干预作用,并探讨其分子机制。方法:将50只ICR雄性小鼠,随机分为5组:正常组、皮质酮模型组、阳性对照氟西汀组(20 mg/kg)、低剂量逍遥丸(200 mg/kg)组、高剂量逍遥丸组(600 mg/kg),通过皮下注射皮质酮诱导小鼠抑郁模型。持续35天后,采用糖水偏好实验和强迫游泳实验评价动物抑郁样行为;采用ELISA方法测小鼠血清中皮质酮含量及小鼠海马组织中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的含量。结果:皮质酮可以降低糖水偏好值、增加小鼠强迫游泳的不动时间,而逍遥丸可以显著提高糖水偏好值、减少小鼠不动时间;长期注射皮质酮可增加血清皮质酮水平,降低海马组织中BDNF含量,而逍遥丸可以降低小鼠血清中皮质酮的含量并且能够提高海马组织中BDNF含量。结论:逍遥丸可以有效降低小鼠血清中皮质酮的含量并增加小鼠海马中BDNF含量,改善神经营养系统,产生抗抑郁样作用。     

人参拮抗高皮质激素血症致神经元损伤的作用

目的:探讨人参保护高皮质激素血症致神经元损伤的作用机制。方法:皮下注射皮质酮建立高皮质激素血症的动物模型,在模型的制备过程中同时ig给予高、中、低(7.2,3.6,1.8 g.kg-1)3个剂量的人参水煎剂,实验进行4周,行为学检测后处死动物,取脑剥离海马,对神经微丝蛋白(NF-L)、突触囊泡总蛋白(SYP)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、胶质源性神经营养因子(GDNF)进行蛋白免疫印迹。结果:模型组动物在行为学检测中,静止不动时间明显增加,与正常组有显著差别;体重较正常组显著降低并有显著差异。相关蛋白检测NF-L,SYP,BDNF,GDNF表达水平与正常组比较显著下调。人参高、中剂量组能够改善动物行为学变化及体重变化,人参各剂量组对神经元蛋白及神经营养因子均表现出明显的上调作用。结论:人参可通过上调神经营养因子的表达发挥神经元保护作用。     

哈蟆油石油醚提取物的抗抑郁作用及其机制

目的 研究哈蟆油石油醚提取物（PERO）对慢性温和应激抑郁模型大鼠的抗抑郁作用及其作用机制。方法 将大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、盐酸氟西汀（10 mg/kg）阳性对照组和PERO各剂量（30、100、300 mg/kg）组,每天给药1次,连续给药21 d。PERO和模型组末次给药后1 h、盐酸氟西汀于末次给药后0.5 h,每天进行慢性应激刺激,制备抑郁模型,连续21 d。观察大鼠体质量变化;采用旷场实验和蔗糖偏好实验检测大鼠行为学变化;酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法测定大鼠血清皮质酮的水平;Western blotting法检测大鼠海马中脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）蛋白的表达。结果 与对照组相比,模型组大鼠的体质量、蔗糖偏爱度下降,在旷场实验中的运动距离明显减小,血清中皮质酮水平显著升高,海马中BDNF蛋白表达显著下降。与模型组相比,PERO各剂量组均能不同程度地改善抑郁大鼠体质量的下降,增加蔗糖偏爱度和在旷场实验中的运动距离,降低大鼠血清皮质酮的水平,增加大鼠海马中BDNF的蛋白表达。结论 PERO具有明显的抗抑郁作用,其机制可能与调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能和提高BDNF蛋白的表达有关。     

六味地黄汤干预抑郁大鼠学习记忆的作用机制

目的:探讨六味地黄汤对慢性抑郁大鼠记忆障碍的改善作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:Wistar雌性大鼠随机分为正常组(生理盐水)、慢性不可预见性温和应激(CUMS)模型组(生理盐水)、六味地黄汤低、中、高剂量组(2. 60,7. 81,23. 50 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))。除正常组外,其余各组造成CUMS模型。每周称体质量,观察其行为学指标变化;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测其海马G蛋白偶联雌激素受体(GPR30),胞内磷脂酰肌醇激酶(PI3K),环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合蛋白(CREB),脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF) mRNA的表达;酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血清中雌激素含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组体质量、活动能力、兴趣等明显降低(P 0. 05,P 0. 01);与模型组比较,六味地黄汤2. 60,7. 81,23. 50 g·kg~(-1)可明显提高CUMS大鼠糖水偏好度(P 0. 01)和旷场实验的站立次数(P 0. 01);7. 81,23. 50 g·kg~(-1)明显提高旷场实验的总距离(P 0. 05,P 0. 01);2. 60,7. 81 g·kg~(-1)可缩短水迷宫实验寻台潜伏期(P 0. 01);7. 81 g·kg~(-1)可增加血清中雌激素含量(P 0. 05);CUMS模型组大鼠海马组织内的GPR30,PI3K,CREB,BDNF mRNA表达明显下降(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),六味地黄汤2. 60 g·kg~(-1)显著增加海马组织内的GPR30,CREB mRNA表达(P 0. 05,P 0. 01),7. 81 g·kg~(-1)明显增加海马组织内的GPR30,PI3K,CREB,BDNF mRNA表达量(P 0. 05,P 0. 01)。结论:六味地黄汤具有抗抑郁作用,逆转CUMS大鼠抑郁样行为及学习记忆障碍,其中中剂量组药效最显著。其作用机制可能与增加血清中雌激素和提高大鼠海马GPR30,PI3K,CREB,BDNF mRNA表达有关。