裙带菜多糖的研究

目的研究从裙带菜中提取的多糖组分。方法采用乙醇分级沉淀法提取粗多糖,采用DEAE—Cellulose离子交换柱色谱法和凝胶柱色谱法对粗多糖进行分离纯化,对纯多糖C11进行理化性质、结构及单糖组成分析。结果C11的产率为61.97%,其多糖、硫酸基、葡萄糖醛酸质量分数分别为43.20%、12.70%和9.78%,多糖C11的硫酸根连接在糖的C2或C3处于平伏键位置,且C11为以β-糖苷键为主的吡喃糖。其单糖组成及质量分数比为鼠李糖∶岩藻糖∶木糖∶葡萄糖∶半乳糖=1.50∶570.00∶220.00∶257.00∶8.32。结论C11为单一纯净的酸性杂多糖。     

灰树花活性多糖的研究进展

灰树花多糖是灰树花的主要活性成分，具有广泛的生理活性，如增强免疫功能、抗肿瘤、抗HIV等作用。主要对灰树花活性多糖的化学成分和药理作用研究进展进行综述。     

裙带菜多糖的体外抗氧化作用研究

目的:研究裙带菜多糖及其纯化产品的抗氧化活性。方法:采用超氧阴离子自由基体系、羟基自由基体系、烷基自由基引发的亚油酸氧化体系、二苯代苦味肼基自由基体系,对裙带菜多糖的抗氧化活性进行了研究,并同维生素C进行了比较。结果:裙带菜多糖对这几种自由基均有不同程度的清除作用,其对超氧阴离子、羟基自由基、烷基自由基有较强的清除能力;清除二苯代苦味肼基自由基能力较弱。结论:裙带菜多糖具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

裙带菜茎中硫酸多糖的分离纯化及分析鉴定

用热水从裙带菜茎中提取多糖,乙醇沉淀,Sevag法除蛋白,并采用DEAE-52和Sephadex G-200柱对其进行分离纯化,得到三种多糖纯品F2、F3和F4,纯度鉴定为均一组分.紫外光谱显示不含蛋白质、多肽及核酸,通过硅胶G色谱分析,F2、F3和F4中的单糖有半乳糖、岩藻糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸,F2中除这四种单糖外,还含有葡萄糖和鼠李糖.     

裙带菜多糖诱导人食管癌细胞TE-13凋亡的实验研究

目的探讨裙带菜多糖诱导人食管癌细胞TE-13凋亡的作用及其机制。方法采用MTT法分析裙带菜多糖(25、50、100μg/mL)分别作用24、48、72 h后对TE-13细胞增殖的抑制作用;用透射电镜观察25、50、100μg/mL裙带菜多糖分别作用48 h后细胞的凋亡结构变化;用流式细胞术分析TE-13细胞的凋亡率和检测Sur-vivin蛋白的表达水平。结果不同质量浓度的裙带菜多糖均可明显抑制食管癌TE-13细胞的增殖(P0.05),其抑制作用呈质量浓度依赖性,作用24 h后的IC50为44.8μg/mL。不同质量浓度裙带菜多糖作用48 h后,均可诱导TE-13细胞凋亡,100μg/mL裙带菜多糖可诱导TE-13细胞凋亡率达70.51%,导致TE-13细胞发生凋亡特征性超微结构改变,并使TE-13细胞Survivin蛋白表达水平明显降低(P0.01)。结论裙带菜多糖可抑制TE-13细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,该作用与下调细胞Survivin蛋白表达有关。     

植物多糖药理作用研究进展

多糖因其具有多种药理作用而越来越引起人们的关注。结合国内外文献资料,文章综述了植物多糖在抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗病毒、抗炎、抗溃疡、降血糖、降血脂、抗凝血及提高免疫功能等方面的药理作用。     

枸杞多糖药理作用的研究进展

枸杞多糖（LBP）是枸杞主要的有效成分之一，因具有多种生理活性越来越受到人们的关注。国内外对枸杞多糖的药理研究也越来越深入，而且显示出良好的膻用前景。近代药理实验表明，枸杞多糖具有免疫调节、抗衰老、降血脂、降血糖、护肝、防辐射、抗疲劳、保护生殖系统、抗肿瘤、抗缺氧等功能。下面就对近年来国内外对枸杞多糖药理作用的研究进展综述如下。     

植物多糖研究进展

植物多糖日益受到国内外医药界的广泛重视,具有极大的研究价值.综述植物多糖的药理作用,包括抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖、降血脂、免疫调节、抗氧化等,介绍了植物多糖的提取方法,并对其应用前景和研究方向进行了展望.     

芦荟多糖药理作用研究进展

芦荟为百合科芦荟属植物,其成份和应用已有大量报道,但对其中的多糖成份则报道不多.芦荟多糖具有抗肿瘤、抗辐射、抗病毒等多种药理作用,对宿主免疫系统的调节作用则是上述活性的作用基础.现将芦荟多糖药理作用方面的研究资料概述如下.     

彩云多糖药理研究进展

彩云多糖（Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｕｓｖｅｒｓｉｃｏｌｏｒｐｏｌｙｓａｃｈａｒｉｄｅｓ,ＣＶＰＳ）又名云芝多糖（ＣＶＰ）,是第二军医大学药学院植化教研室从长白山野生云芝中提取的具有多种药理活性的多糖类物质,系蛋白结合多糖,其蛋白部分含１８种氨基酸,多糖部分主要由...     

裙带菜茎中褐藻糖胶的组成及生物活性研究

 目的从褐藻裙带茎中分离纯化得到褐藻糖胶UPPSⅡ,并研究其组成性质及生物活性。方法热水提取粗褐藻糖胶,采用DEAE-52和Sephadex G-200柱分离纯化得到纯褐藻糖胶UPPSⅡ,GC-MS分析多糖组成,凝胶色谱法测定其相对分子质量,红外光谱测定其糖苷键构型,并研究其对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用。结果UPPSⅡ由岩藻糖、甘露糖、木糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖以β-糖苷键构成。相对分子质量为1.7×10⁵。其对酪氨酸酶活性呈浓度依赖性抑制。结论UPPSⅡ为首次从裙带菜茎中分离得到,主要成分为岩藻糖,并具有抑制酪氨酸酶活性的作用。     

裙带菜内生真菌Guignardia sp．的活性次生代谢产物

目的：对裙带菜内生真菌Guignardia sp．发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取物进行分离纯化,寻找具有新和,或强生物活性的化合物。方法：采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析和ODS反相柱层析等色谱方法进行成份的分离纯化,并利用波谱学技术对化合物进行结构鉴定。采用纸片法和MTT法分别评价化合物的抑菌活性和细胞毒活性。结果：从发酵液中分离获得7个化合物,分别鉴定为过氧麦角甾醇（1）、麦角甾醇（2）、环-（酪氨酸-亮氨酸）（3）、环-（苯丙氨酸一苯丙氨酸）（4）、环-（缬氨酸-亮氨酸）（5）、环-（苯丙氨酸-脯氨酸）（6）、环-（亮氨酸-异亮氨酸）（7）。其中化合物1,2,3和6能抑制犬小孢子生长,其MIC分别为10．0,20．0,50．0和5．0μg·mL-1;化合物1,2和6对红发毛癣菌有抑制活性,其MIC分别为15．0,20．0和10．0μg·mL-1并且1和6有抑制絮状表皮癣菌的活性,其MIC分别为20．0和50．0μg·mL-1。另外,化合物1,3和6对人鼻咽癌KB细胞有抑制活性,其Ic50分别为20．0,10．0和10．0μg·mL-1。结论：化合物1—7均首次从裙带内生菌Guignardia sp．中分离得到,并且化合物1和6显示出较好的细胞毒和抗菌活性。     

Fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida induces apoptosis in A549 human lung carcinoma cells

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, has various biological activities, such as anticancer, antiangiogenic and antiinflammatory effects; however, the mechanisms of action of fucoidan on anticancer activity have not been fully elucidated. The anticancer effects of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida on A549 human lung carcinoma cells were examined. Treatment of A549 cells with fucoidan resulted in potent antiproliferative activity. Also, some typical apoptotic characteristics, such as chromatin condensation and an increase in the population of sub-G1 hypodiploid cells, were observed. With respect to the mechanism underlying the induction of apoptosis, fucoidan reduced Bcl-2 expression, but the expression of Bax was increased in a dose-dependent manner compared with the controls. Furthermore, fucoidan induced caspase-9 activation, but decreased the level of procaspase-3. Cleavage of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), a vital substrate of effector caspase, was found. The study further investigated the role of the MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways with respect to the apoptotic effect of fucoidan, and showed that fucoidan activates ERK1/2 in A549 cells. Unlike ERK1/2, however, treatment with fucoidan resulted in the down-regulation of phospho-p38 expression. In addition, fucoidan resulted in the down-regulation of phospho-PI3K/Akt. Together, these results indicate that fucoidan induces apoptosis of A549 human lung cancer cells through down-regulation of p38, PI3K/Akt, and the activation of the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway.     

Effects of the brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida on erythematous inflammation assessed using digital photo analysis

The brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar produced potent inhibition of erythematous inflammation assessed using digital photo analysis. The analysis technique was validated by laser speckle flowgraphy and blood vessel contraction. The methanol extract suppressed erythema by 50% when applied within 1 h before or 15 min after application of phorbol myristate acetate. Erythema reduction to half-maximal values took 12 h with the extract, compared with 25 h with the vehicle. The blade part of the thallus showed the highest activity, while the northern type of U. pinnatifida had slightly higher activity than the southern type. The active constituents were stearidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. These findings reinforce the claims of the health care industry and indigenous medicine that U. pinnatifida can be used as a health food and remedy for inflammation-related symptoms.     

Antiviral activity of Undaria pinnatifida against herpes simplex virus

The major component of an aqueous extract of the seaweed Undaria pinnati fi da has been identified previously as a galactofucan (GFS), a sulfated polysaccharide. The galactofucan was partially purified and the material tested in this study is 75% pure galactofucan sulfate. GFS was evaluated for antiviral activity against 32 clinical strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV): 14 strains of HSV-1 and 18 strains of HSV-2. Twelve strains (four HSV-1 and eight HSV-2) were resistant to acyclovir (ACV-R) and 20 strains (10 HSV-1 and 10 HSV-2) were susceptible to ACV (ACV-S). The median IC(50) of GFS for the 14 strains of HSV-1 was 32 micro g/mL. The median IC(50) of GFS for the 18 strains of HSV-2 was 0.5 micro g/mL. GFS is significantly more active against clinical strains of HSV-2 than HSV-1, p < 0.001. The mode of action of the GFS was shown to be the inhibition of viral binding and entry into the host cell. The cytotoxicity of GFS was >4.0 mg/mL in the neutral red dye uptake assay indicating that GFS is non-toxic in this assay.     

Toxicological evaluation of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifidain vitro and in vivo

The potential toxicity of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida was investigated in vitro and in vivo. By the Ames test, fucoidan showed no mutagenicity up to 500 μL/plate, and inhibited the mutagenicity induced by 4‐nitro‐quinoline‐1‐oxide, by up to 71%, compared with controls. In the bone marrow micronucleus test, fucoidan, at all levels tested, did not change the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte percentage ratio in mouse bone marrow cells. As an acute in vivo toxicity test, fucoidan from 0 to 2000 mg/kg body weight per day was administered orally to Sprague‐Dawley rats for 28 days. No significant toxicological change was induced by fucoidan treatment up to 1000 mg/kg body weight per day in biochemical analyses, hematological analyses, necropsy and liver histopathology. The plasma ALT level was slightly, but significantly, increased in male rats at 2000 mg/kg/day. The consumption of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida, up to 1000 mg/kg body weight per day, may be safe in rodents, with no sign of toxicity after up to 28 days of daily administration. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

博落回研究进展

对博落回的化学成分和药理活性研究进行综述,为该药材的开发利用提供参考价值。     

山楂核中具有抗肿瘤活性化合物的分离(英文)

目的:对山楂核的化学成分及生物活性进行研究。方法:运用大孔吸附树脂D101,硅胶,ODS和制备高效液相色谱等方法分离化合物,通过多种波谱方法进行结构鉴定。此外,还对化合物进行了OPM2和RPMI-8226两组细胞株的细胞毒活性测试。结果:从山楂核中得到4个化合物:(7S,8S)-4-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde(1),(+)-balanophonin(2),erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-coniferylaldehydeether(3),buddlenolA(4)。结论:化合物1为一新降木脂素。化合物24为属内首次分离得到。活性测试结果表明化合物14的抗肿瘤活性不明显。