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《四川中医》2017,(1)
目的:通过对213例膝骨关节炎(KOA)患者的症候进行聚类分析,找寻症候的分布规律及其诊断要点。方法:参照《中华人民共和国国家标准中医临床诊疗术语证候部分》有关证候判定标准,自制膝骨关节炎中医证型调查表,收集了213例KOA患者。把四诊资料首先进行系统变量聚类分析,再结合临床实际,认为分为3类最为合适,然后再行K均值聚类分析,并对每一类证型进行主成分分析,确定每个证型和对应症状。结论:肝阴虚证、肾阴虚证、脾阳虚证、痰湿证、寒证、风证、血瘀证、气滞证等是膝关节骨关节炎的基本证候单位,肝肾阴虚髓亏证、脾阳虚寒凝痰湿、风寒气滞血瘀是膝关节骨关节炎的常见中医证候类型。 相似文献
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论证候基因组研究中的海量数据生物信息问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在新世纪科学、人类基因组、生物信息学大背景下,中医证候基因组的研究已起步,在运用基因芯片等新技术中,产生了海量数据,如仅仅一个肾阳虚家系的基因表达谱芯片和证候症状已有近40万个原始数据,用初步的信息融合观考虑也会有61种计算的角度。生物信息学的发展,将会为我们证候基因组研究不断提供数学方法;功能基因组的进步,开始为中医证候研究奠定了一个新的平台。前面的探索告诉我们证候基因组研究虽是艰巨,但仍是可行的,其中复杂问题,海量数据,也是可以逐步解决的。 相似文献
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在新世纪科学、人类基因组、生物信息学大背景下,中医证候基因组的研究已起步,在运用基因芯片等新技术中,产生了海量数据,如仅仅一个肾阳虚家系的基因表达谱芯片和证候症状已有近40万个原始数据,用初步的信息融合观考虑也会有61种计算的角度。生物信息学的发展,将会为我们证候基因组研究不断提供数学方法;功能基因组的进步,开始为中医证候研究奠定了一个新的平台。前面的探索告诉我们证候基因组研究虽是艰巨,但仍是可行的,其中复杂问题,海量数据,也是可以逐步解决的。 相似文献
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目的:引入系统生物学的观察方法,研究温补药物治疗肾阳虚证兄妹疗效的分子生物学特征,探索基因芯片在中医诊治学中应用的可能性。方法:用40项肾阳虚证量表和40项寒证量表,调查一对兄妹在治疗前后的症状积分;用18816点阵的基因芯片测试在治疗前后的基因表达水平。结果:评定兄妹温补之后肾阳虚与寒证症状的积分下降1/3~2/3,得到在兄妹治疗前的差异表达治疗后入正常值的84条共同基因,其中38条已知基因功能,包括免疫、生长发育等6类。讨论:肾阳虚与寒证治疗效果可以用38条共同调节的基因表达水平和量表积分来分析,两者之间的相关关系值得深入探讨。从系统生物学的观点,用基因差异表达来评价辨证治疗疗效,为中医证的疗效评价提供了一个新的方法。 相似文献
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【目的】 分析岭南地区流行性感冒(简称流感)的中医证候特点,为临床中医遣方用药提供参考。【方法】 采用临床流行病学调查方法,自制流感患者中医四诊信息采集表,于2017年6月至2018年5月两次流感流行期间对广东省中医院二沙岛分院急诊科和广州中医药大学附属顺德医院急诊科的流感患者进行调查,采集患者的中医四诊信息,建立数据库,运用描述性分析及聚类分析方法探讨岭南地区流感患者的中医证候特点。【结果】 852例流感患者按甲型流感、乙型流感分别进行四诊聚类分析,其中 304 例甲型流感患者聚类结果为:湿热证 107 例(35.20%),表寒里热证 121 例(39.80%),风热犯卫证 54 例(17.76%);548 例乙型流感患者聚类结果为:湿热证 141 例(25.73%),表寒里热证 240 例(43.80%),风热犯卫证139 例(25.36%);两种流感的中医证型构成不同,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。【结论】 岭南地区流感患者的中医证候特征以多湿、多热为特点,单纯风寒证比较少。甲乙两型流感患者的中医证型构成存在差异,甲型流感患者湿热证多于乙型流感患者,乙型流感患者表寒里热证多于甲型流感患者。 相似文献
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【目的】 通过对179例无锡地区老年性骨质疏松症患者的中医证候进行聚类分析,找寻其中医证候分布的特点和规律。【方法】 选择2014年1月 ~ 2015年1月在无锡市中医医院就诊的179例老年性骨质疏松症患者作为研究对象,首先把相关证候进行系统变量聚类分析,再进行主成分分析,最后归纳出证型。【结果】(1)纳入研究的老年性骨质疏松症的证候条目共53 条,其中腰膝酸软、腰背刺痛、神疲乏力、齿摇发脱、纳呆食少等出现频率较高,分别为 59.78%(107/179)、56.42%(101/179)、52.51%(94/179)、45.81%(82/179)、41.34%(74/179)。(2)聚类分析及主成分分析结果显示,聚为脾肾阳虚证、气虚血瘀证、肝肾阴虚证和肾精不足证等4型,分布较清晰,比较符合临床实际。【结论】 无锡地区老年性骨质疏松症可分为脾肾阳虚证、气虚血瘀证、肝肾阴虚证和肾精不足证等4个证型,病机以虚证、瘀证为主,病位在肾、脾、肝。 相似文献
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Ethnopharmacological relevance
Quality analysis and control of Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) or herbal medicines (HM) are being more and more investigated based on fingerprint analysis, and there are also some researches on correlating fingerprints of CHM to their efficacy. Multi-component analysis methods together with fingerprints are considered potential useful tools to select candidate herbal drugs from extracts of herbs in pharmacological/bio-prospecting investigations.Aim of the study
To explore a strategy for evaluating efficacy strength of CHM samples based on their spectra fingerprints and validate it.Methodology
Radix bupleuri (RB), a typical Chinese medicinal herb for relieving exterior syndrome, and Flos lonicerae (FL), Fructus forsythiae (FF), and Radix isatidis (RI) that are widely applied Chinese herbs for heat clearing and detoxifying, were selected as herbal sources. The aqueous extracts, volatile oils and mixtures of the extracts and oils of the four herbs, plus Ibuprofen suspension (IS), Shuanghuanglian oral liquid (SHL), mixture of SHL and the volatile oils of FL and FF, were used for subject samples to do antipyretic experiments on rats. Ultraviolet spectra were used as the spectra fingerprints to represent chemical characteristics of the samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) were adopted as evaluation tools to establish the correlation between pharmacological and spectra data, from which a spectral index for evaluating antipyretic effects of CHM samples was constructed. Furthermore, four compound samples were designed by mixing 50% volatile oils and 50% aqueous extracts of the four herbs with different ratios to validate the strategy.Results
Efficacy sequence of the 15 calibrating and 4 validating CHM samples, defined by the first canonical correlative variable U1 of their UV spectra, was consistent with that given by pharmacological experiments.Conclusions
The strategy proposed in this study could be applied to evaluate efficacy strength of CHM and helpful for screening candidate herbal drugs from different herbs or prepared by different technologies. 相似文献12.
Molander M Saslis-Lagoudakis CH Jäger AK Rønsted N 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012,139(3):863-872
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Envenomation causes an estimated 1.8-2.5 million incidences per year with a mortality level of 100-125,000 persons annually and more than 100,000 individuals suffer from severe complications, which may end in amputation of the attacked limb. The use of plants is a major part of the traditional practitioners’ treatment of snakebites.Materials and methods
A database was created for plants used to treat snakebites worldwide. From this database, we selected five countries with a high number of entries and representing different cultures, geography and floristic zones: Brazil, Nicaragua, Nepal, China and South Africa. The datasets were analysed by regression and binominal analysis to see if any family or genus used against snakebites was overrepresented in the respective traditional medicinal systems relative to the abundance in the local flora. The families from the different geographical areas were compared to ascertain whether the same plant families are preferred by different peoples.Results
Three ‘hot’ families (Apocynaceae, Lamiaceae and Rubiaceae) were recovered in at least two of the five compared countries in the regression analyses and one ‘hot’ family (Zingiberaceae) was recovered in two of the compared countries in the binomial analyses. Four out of five floras possess families identified as outliers in both regression and binomial analyses. Eight families were recovered by both the binomial and the regression analysis (40-62% of all highlighted families respectively). At the genus level, only Piper (Piperaceae) was recovered as a ‘hot’ genus in at least two floras. Seven genera were highlighted by both analyses (25-44% of the highlighted genera).Conclusions
Cross-cultural comparison of medicinal floras used against snakebites appears to be useful for highlighting candidate families and genera for further studies. 相似文献13.
Rui Guo Yiqin Wang Jianjun Yan Hanxia Yan 《Journal of traditional Chinese medicine》2012,32(4):571-577
Objective
To show that the pulse diagnosis used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, combined with nonlinear dynamic analysis, can help identify cardiovascular diseases.Methods
Recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) was used to study pulse morphological changes in 37 inpatients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 37 normal subjects (controls). An independent sample t-test detected significant differences in RQA measures of their pulses. A support vector machine (SVM) classified the groups according to their RQA measures. Classic time-domain parameters were used for comparison.Results
RQA measures can be divided into two groups. One group of measures [ecurrence rate (RR), determinism (DEL), average diagonal line length (L), maximum length of diagonal structures (Lmax), Shannon entropy of the frequency distribution of diagonal line lengths (ENTR), laminarity (LAM), average length of vertical structures (TT), maximum length of vertical structures (Vmax)] showed significantly higher values for patients with CHD than for normal subjects (P<0.05). The other measures (RR_std, L_std, Lmax_std, TT_std, Vmax_std) showed significantly lower values for the CHD group than for normal subjects (P<0.05). SVM classification accuracy was higher with RQA measures: With RQA (16 parameters) accuracy was at 88.21%, and with RQA (12 parameters) accuracy was at 84.11%. In contrast, with classic time-domain (15 parameters) accuracy was 75.73%, and with time-domain (7 parameters) accuracy was 74.70%.Conclusion
Nonlinear dynamic methods such as RQA can be used to study functional and structural changes in the pulse noninvasively. Pulse signals of individuals with CHD have greater regularity, determinism, and stability than normal subjects, and their pulse morphology displays less variability. RQA can distinguish the CHD pulse from the healthy pulse with an accuracy of 88.21%, thereby providing an early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases such as CHD. 相似文献14.
目的基于细辛转录组测序结果,克隆甲基丁香酚合成相关酶基因,了解相应的序列信息。方法以细辛叶片为材料,通过RT-PCR扩增得到苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)、肉桂酸-4-羟化酶(C4H)、4-羟基肉桂酰辅酶A连接酶(4CL)、肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)等基因的c DNA全长,并进行生物信息学分析。结果 AhPAL、AhC4H、Ah4CL和AhCAD基因的ORF长度分别为2 157、1 278、1 623、1 071 bp,编码718、425、540、356个氨基酸。4种蛋白均具有各自的保守结构域。除Ah C4H外,AhPAL、Ah4CL和AhCAD与已报道的其它物种相应酶的氨基酸序列相似性都较高。结论对细辛甲基丁香酚合成相关酶基因进行克隆和生物信息学分析,为后续基因功能分析及甲基丁香酚生物合成调控机制的解析奠定基础。 相似文献
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Xing XY Zhao YL Kong WJ Wang JB Jia L Zhang P Yan D Zhong YW Li RS Xiao XH 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,135(2):575-581
Aim of the study
The present study investigated the liver protection and toxicity of rhubarb against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced chronic liver injury in rats.Materials and methods
The rats were treated by intraperitoneal injection of 10% CCl4 for 12 weeks. At the end of week 4, rhubarb at doses of 40 g kg−1 (high-dose group), 20 g kg−1 (medium-dose group) and 10 g kg−1 (low-dose group) was intragastrically administered to CCl4-treated rats once a day for three weeks. At the end of week 16, all rats were maintained for 1 month without any administration. At the end of weeks 8, 12, 16 and 20, the general status of rats, histopathology of liver, serum alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) levels were observed, respectively. Combined with clustering analysis and correspondence analysis, the ″dose-time-response″ relationships of rhubarb on the liver injury rats were synthetically investigated.Results
High dose (40 g kg−1) of rhubarb exhibited a significant protective effect on injured liver by reversing the biochemical parameters and histopathological changes. But, this hepatoprotective effect will be weakened, even be transferred to toxicity with increasing the administration dose and time of rhubarb. These results were consistent with the histopathological observation and the determination of serum levels.Conclusions
The safety should be considered simultaneously in the long-term and high dose use of rhubarb, the liver function and change should be regularly detected. This study provided some useful references for the clinical rational use of rhubarb and other herbal medicinal products. 相似文献16.
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants traditionally used in the Arribes del Duero, western Spain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
José A. González Mónica García-Barriuso Francisco Amich 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010,131(2):343-601
Aim of the study
We studied traditional knowledge (TK) and current uses of medicinal plants among the inhabitants of the Arribes del Duero-ARD-(Spain), documenting traditional medical practices.Materials and methods
We interviewed 80 key informants (44 men and 36 women). Their average age was 72 years (range 48-98 years). We calculated the cultural importance for each species cited. To analyze how TK varies with the characteristics of the different informants, we performed an ANCOVA, taking the number of use-reports (URs) provided by each informant as a variable to model, and age and gender as explanatory variables.Results and conclusions
156 medicinal remedies were recorded; they were based on a single species and were cited by at least three independent informants, and half of them are still in use today. These remedies are related to nine major organ systems and 54 therapeutic uses, and 70 species (belonging to 39 families) are used, most of which are herbs (64%). The most relevant family is the Lamiaceae (23 remedies, 8 species) and the species employed in the greatest number of remedies (8) is Urtica dioica L. However, the taxon with the greatest cultural value is Hypericum perforatum L. (CI = 0.71). 31% of the variability of the TK can be explained in terms of the age and gender of the informants (R2 = 0.315), the age factor having a positive effect. Most of the remedies are related to the treatment of unimportant ailments, referring to disorders of the skin, and the respiratory and digestive systems. The leaves and fruits are the most frequently sought plant parts (40 and 17% of the plants mentioned, respectively), and infusions (34%) and decoctions (28%) are the main methods used for preparing the remedies. Likewise, we recorded remedies based on plant mixtures and ethnomedicinal novelties or rare uses, and comment on the influence exerted by superstition.Currently, many people preserve a rich TK about medicinal plants, and it may be affirmed that the folk medicine is still very much alive in the ARD, above all as regards the treatment of certain common afflictions or unimportant ailments. 相似文献17.
Xiang-Hui Han Jie Zhong Ji-Yuan Guo Rong Shi Xin-Hong Wang Chang-Hong Wang Kun Wang Guang-Li Du Yun-Hui Shen Yue-Ming Ma 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2013
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Xie-xin decoction (XXD) has been used as a classic formula in China for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction such as ulcerative colitis (UC). However, no potential action mechanisms and active compounds had been systematically investigated.Aim of the study
To explore the effectiveness and the material basis of XXD in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced UC rats.Materials and methods
XXD was administered orally for 8 days at a dosage of 2 or 4 g/kg/day. Plasma pharmacokinetic properties and colon tissue concentrations of multiple compounds from XXD were detected. Tissue damage scores, production of interleukin (IL)-10 and myeloperoxidase (MPO), expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa Bp65 (NF-κBp65) in colon tissues were examined. Canonical correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between pharmacokinetics and efficacy to elucidate significantly active compounds of XXD.Results
XXD promoted the recovery of colitis and inhibited the colonic inflammation damage in UC rats by reducing the level of MPO and the expression of TNF-α and NF-κBp65, and increasing the production of IL-10 in colon tissues. Efficacy of XXD was positively related with AUC of five plasma compounds (baicalin, berberine, wogonoside, wogonin, and rhein) and concentrations of six colon tissue compounds (coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, berberine, baicalein and emodin), respectively.Conclusions
The multiple compounds in plasma and colon tissues from XXD might be the main material basis for therapeutic potentials in UC rats. 相似文献18.
目的:考察雷公藤(LGT)配伍金钱草(JQC)的相杀减毒作用,优选二者的最佳配比,初步评价二者配伍后特征化学成分的贡献程度。方法:通过小鼠连续给药14 d的亚急性毒性试验并基于主成分分析优选LGT配伍JQC后相杀减毒作用的最佳配比,给药剂量以LGT提取物计均为60 mg·kg-1(相当于LGT生药约2 g·kg-1),给药体积均为20 m L·kg-1。基于常规小鼠急性毒性试验评价最佳配比的减毒效果,通过对配伍前后差异特征化学成分与总体减毒作用的灰色关联分析,评价化学成分对其相杀减毒作用的贡献大小。结果:与正常组比较,LGT单用组极显著升高了小鼠血清生化指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),肌酐(Cr)和尿素氮(BUN)水平,肝组织和肾组织中的脂质过氧化指标丙二醛(MDA)水平以及总体减毒作用得分Z值(P0.01)。与LGT单用组比较,LGT-JQC质量比为2∶1,1∶1,1∶2,1∶4的配伍组均能显著降低LGT引起的血清过高的ALT水平(P0.05,P0.01),质量比为4∶1,2∶1,1∶1,1∶2,1∶4配伍时均能显著降低LGT引起的过高的血清AST,Cr,BUN,肝MDA水平以及总体减毒作用得分Z值(P0.05,P0.01),质量比为4∶1,2∶1,1∶1配伍时均能显著降低LGT引起的肾过高的MDA水平(P0.05,P0.01)。LGT和JQC在各质量比(4∶1,1∶1,1∶2,1∶4)配伍时的总体减毒作用Z值均明显高于配比在2∶1时的Z值(P0.01)。LGT单独用药对小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)517 mg·kg-1,LGT-JQC(2∶1)配伍用药时的LD50升高至889 mg·kg-1,升高了72%。配伍前后12个差异特征化学成分与其总体减毒作用得分Z值的灰色关联系数最大的是雷公藤甲素(TP)。结论:LGT和JQC在质量比为4∶1~1∶4配伍时,对LGT所致亚急性肝毒和肾毒均具有配伍减毒作用,二者相杀减毒的最佳配比为2∶1;在2∶1配比时,急性毒性和亚急性毒性分别下降了72%和138.5%;TP是引起二者相杀减毒作用贡献最大的化学成分。 相似文献
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Aim of the study
The main objectives were to collect information on the use of medicinal plants and compare medicinal plant traditions between Run and Qi.Materials and methods
Information was obtained from semi-structured interviews, personal conversation and guided fieldtrips with herbalists.Results
385 species belonging to 290 genera in 104 families were used for the treatment of various diseases. Rubiaceae (20 species), Euphorbiaceae and Compositae (19 species respectively) were predominant families used by herbalists. The most species were used for injuries (20.1%), muscular–skeletal system disorders (18.3%) and infections/infestations (18.0%). The coefficient of similarity (36.6%) shown a high consensus of plant species used by Run and Qi. The ‘informant agreement ratio’ values for both Run and Qi are rather low (less than 0.3).Conclusions
Traditional medicinal plants still play an important role in medical practices of Li Ethnic Group around Mt.Yinggeling. There is a close relationship of medicinal plant traditions between Run and Qi. Further investigation is necessary to record this valuable knowledge before its disappearance. 相似文献20.
Junwen Wang Meng Cui Hongguan Jiao Yuanyuan Tong Jun Xu Yingkai Zhao Mei Han Jianping Liu 《Journal of traditional Chinese medicine》2013