小芸木属植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展

通过对药用小芸木属植物化学成分及其药理活性研究进行综述,发现该属植物含有香豆素类、生物碱类、黄酮类等多种化学成分,且具有解热,抗病毒,抗癌等生理、药理活性。这对系统研究含有多种药用植物资源的小芸木属植物具有重要意义。     

翻白草的化学成分及药理活性研究进展

中药翻白草为蔷薇科委陵菜属植物,含有黄酮、萜类、甾体、鞣质及有机酸等多种化学成分,具有抗炎镇痛、抗氧化、降血糖、抗菌、抗病毒等作用,临床多用于预防和治疗糖尿病。本文对近年来国内外在该植物组方应用、形态学、化学成分、药理学作用方面的研究概况进行了综述。     

蛇根草属植物的化学成分及药理活性研究进展

蛇根草属(Ophiorrhiza L.)植物隶属于茜草科,在全世界广泛分布。该属植物被多种药物志记载,具有活血化瘀、祛痰止咳等药用价值。该属植物富含结构新颖、生物活性显著的化学成分,已成为国际上药用植物资源的研究热点之一。目前,已有31种蛇根草属植物的化学成分被报道,主要包括62个生物碱类、21个萜类、21个蒽醌类、6个甾体类、2个黄酮类和1个香豆素类等多种结构类型化合物。这些化合物具有抗肿瘤、免疫抑制、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、止泻、胃黏膜保护和驱虫等多种药理功效。本文综述了1976年7月至2021年7月间报道的蛇根草属植物的化学成分及其药理活性研究进展,重点突出若干代表性化学成分,同时对其结构特征和绝对构型进行详细的归纳总结,以期为该领域药用植物资源的后续研究与开发提供一定的参考。     

岩白菜属植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展

岩白菜属植物在我国种质资源丰富,有多种生物活性,具有重要的药用价值。该属植物中含有多种化学成分,主要有香豆素类、黄酮类、萜类、糖苷类、甾体类、蒽醌类和有机酸类等;具有抗菌、抗炎、止咳、抗疟、抗氧化等药理活性。本文综述了岩白菜属植物的化学成分和药理活性,以期为岩白菜属植物的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。     

松属植物化学成分及抗肿瘤活性研究进展

目的概述松科松属植物化学成分及抗肿瘤活性的研究状况。方法通过查阅近几年国内外松属植物化学成分及抗肿瘤活性研究的相关文献,并对其进行分析、整理和归纳。结果松属植物中普遍含有萜类、黄酮类、木质素类、多糖类、酚类、氨基酸类等化学成分,该属植物的提取物具有较好的抗肿瘤活性。结论松属植物中含有多种化学成分,其提取物抗肿瘤活性显著。     

木通属药用植物研究进展

查阅国内外文献的基础上,综述了近年来木通属植物的化学成分、质量控制、药理作用等方面的研究进展。该属植物含有多种化学成分,主要是三萜和三萜皂苷类成分,具有利尿、抗肿瘤、抗菌等药理活性,值得进行深入的研究和开发。     

紫珠属植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展

紫珠属植物资源丰富,全球约190多种,我国有46种,其中30多种为中国传统药用植物,同时也可作为观花赏果的花卉植物。该属植物富含黄酮、萜类以及苯乙醇苷类化合物,具有止血、抗炎、抑菌、抗肿瘤、神经保护等药理作用。近年来,国内外学者对紫珠属植物的研究对象主要集中在广东紫珠、裸花紫珠,大叶紫珠等几个种,研究内容主要是化学成分、质量标准及多种药理作用。国内外学者对于紫珠属植物的研究成果显著,在化学成分研究方面,不仅分离鉴定出的化学成分数量多,同时得到结构新颖的成分;在药理研究方面,不仅把止血、抗炎等药理活性研究透彻,还探究出该属植物具有抗肿瘤、抗老年痴呆等相关生物活性。整体来说,紫珠属植物的研究还处于发展期,具有很大的开发利用潜能,本文通过对紫珠属植物的化学成分及药理作用进行归纳总结,以期为研究者们对该属植物相关研究提供参考。     

芸薹属植物胃肠道生理活性研究进展

芸薹属植物是十字花科下的一个属。该属植物,如芜菁等,在蒙古族、维吾尔族、羌族中拥有较长的药食同源历史,经文献考证,其属植物多具有开胸顺气、健胃消食、解毒等作用,是一类具有重要研究价值的民族药。现代药理学研究表明,芸薹属植物含有大量活性成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗衰老、防辐射、调节免疫功能等多种生理活性。然而,关于该属植物的系统研究却进展缓慢,近几年更少有相关报道。现集中对关于胃肠道疾病方面的研究进行综述,包括抗胃肠道癌症、增强胃肠道免疫力、促进胃肠道动力等方面,并对研究前景作出展望。     

菖蒲属植物的化学成分和药理活性研究概况

目的 :对菖蒲属植物的化学成分和药理活性进行综述。方法 :查阅文献。结果 :菖蒲属植物包含7个品种和2个变种 ,含有多种化学成分 ,并具有多种药理活性。结论 :为今后该属植物的进一步研究开发提供依据。     

法菲亚属植物化学成分和药理活性研究进展

查阅国内外相关文献,按照化合物的结构类型对法菲亚属植物的化学成分进行分类综述,并对其主要的药理活性进行总结。该属植物含有多种化学成分,主要有三萜和三萜皂苷类等化合物,有壮阳、抗肿瘤、抗炎镇痛等药理活性,值得进行深入的研究和开发。     

Recent progress in pharmacological research of propolis.

Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by honeybees from various plant sources. It is a popular folk medicine possessing a broad spectrum of biological activities. It has also been used as a health drink in various Asian, European and American countries. Several groups of researchers have focused their attention on the biological activity of propolis and its active principles. Many scientific articles are published every year in different international journals related to the pharmacological properties of propolis. This review article compiles recent findings (since 1995) on the pharmacological properties of propolis focusing on its antihepatotoxic, antitumour, antioxidative, antimicrobial and antiinflammatory properties. The possible mechanism of action of propolis as well as the active compounds are discussed.     

天然桃叶珊瑚苷及其衍生物的化学结构和药理作用研究进展

桃叶珊瑚苷在植物界中分布广泛,是玄参、杜仲、车前草等常用中药的有效成分之一,其药理作用也受到越来越多地关注,然而,桃叶珊瑚苷衍生物则鲜有报道。对桃叶珊瑚苷衍生物的结构类型(主要包括6-O取代型、10-O取代型、6,10-O双取代型、6′-O取代类型和其他类型)及近10年桃叶珊瑚苷及其衍生物的抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、神经保护、抗肿瘤等药理活性进行综述。     

中药——天然生物活性寡肽之库

寡肽作为生物医药的重要组成部分,其组成简单、安全指数高,但受限于寡肽药物设计理论和发现途径远远小于其他结构类型药物,使得新型生物活性寡肽的获得成为该领域研究的热点和难点。中药作为天然的寡肽库,含有大量的活性寡肽。其中中药寡肽具有神经保护、保肝、抗肿瘤、抗凝血、抗氧化、增强免疫力等生物活性。重点对近10年来国内外学者从中药中发现的活性寡肽的序列、生物活性进行综述,并探索活性寡肽与中药分类之间的关联,初步提示补虚、活血化瘀等类中药作为天然寡肽源头成果多、易成功,为活性寡肽新药的开发提供方向和思路。     

The antiinflammatory, gastroprotective and antioxidant activities of Hieracium gymnocephalum extract

The present study investigated the antiinflammatory, gastroprotective and antioxidant activities of a CH(2)Cl(2) extract of western Balkan endemic Hieracium gymnocephalum Griseb. ex Pant. (Compositae). The carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema test was used as an experimental model for screening the antiinflammatory activity. The extract was administrated p.o. in doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg to rats and its effects compared with indomethacin, used p.o. as a reference drug. The results showed that the investigated extract reduced the oedema in a concentration-dependent manner. The obtained antiinflammatory effect was 5.9%, 11.7%, 31.2% and 44.1% at doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively, being statistically significant at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Indomethacin had a strong antiinflammatory effect of 73.4% at a dose of 8 mg/kg, but caused large gastric lesions. When the plant extract in the highest tested dose (200 mg/kg) was concomitantly given with indomethacin, the antiinflammatory effect was slightly enhanced, but the gastric lesions were significantly reduced. The antioxidant activity of the H. gymnocephalum extract, investigated using DPPH radical assay, OH-radical assay and TBA-test, was not substantial.     

Antifertility activity of Artemisia vulgaris leaves on female Wistar rats

AIM： To evaluate the antifertility activity of Artemisia vulgar＆ leaves on female Wistar rats. METHOD： The plant extract was tested for its effect on implant formation at two dose levels, 300 and 600 mg.kg 1, respectively. The effective methanolic plant extract was further studied for estrogenic potency on ovariectomised immature female Wistar rats. RESULTS： The data presented in this study demonstrate the antifertility potential of Artemisia vulgar＆ methanolic leaf extract, which shows a strong and significant decrease in implant formation （100%）, and a strong estrogenic effect resulting in a significant increase in uterine weight in immature ovariectomised rats. These observations suggest that the methanolic extract of Artemisia vulgaris leaves has strong anti-implantation activity and estrogenic activity. CONCLUSION： The methanolic plant extract ofA. vulgaris has antifertility activity.     

天然多环多异戊烯基间苯三酚衍生物研究进展

多环多异戊烯基间苯三酚衍生物(polycyclic polyprenylated acylphoroglucinols,PPAPs)为藤黄科植物的主要活性成分,其结构新颖,且具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗抑郁等多种生物活性,是目前天然产物研究的热点之一。对近年来从植物中分离得到的226个天然多环多异戊烯基间苯三酚衍生物化学结构、生物活性等方面的研究概况进行综述,以期为该类化合物的进一步研究提供参考。     

兰科植物生物碱类化学成分及药理活性研究进展

生物碱类化学成分结构复杂、种类繁多,广泛存在于兰科各属植物中,且大多具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、降血糖、细胞毒性等生物活性。系统综述了兰科生物碱类化学成分的植物分布、种类结构及药理作用,为兰科植物中生物碱类成分的结构类型、结构解析及生物活性的深入研究提供理论参考。     

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

In this study, water extract of nettle (Urtica dioica L.) (WEN) was studied for antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic properties. The antioxidant properties of WEN were evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities. WEN had powerful antioxidant activity. The 50, 100 and 250 μg amounts of WEN showed 39, 66 and 98% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively, while 60 μg/ml of -tocopherol, exhibited only 30% inhibition. Moreover, WEN had effective reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities at the same concentrations. Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), quercetin, and -tocopherol. In addition, total phenolic compounds in the WEN were determined as pyrocatechol equivalent. WEN also showed antimicrobial activity against nine microorganisms, antiulcer activity against ethanol-induced ulcerogenesis and analgesic effect on acetic acid-induced stretching.     

Biological activities of synthetic saponins and cardiac glycosides

Comparisons of the biological activities of diosgenyl (DIO) beta-D-xylopyranosyl- (1 --> 2)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (2DXalpha) and beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3GLbeta) or methyl glycyrrhetinate (GAM) 2DXalpha and 3GLbeta with those of the other DIO- or GAM- glycosides confirmed our assumption that both haemolytic and antifungal activities of DIO-glycosides (steroid saponins) generally parallel each other, while almost all haemolytic GAM-glycosides (triterpenoid saponins) have no antifungal activity. By comparisons of digitoxigenyl (DIG) 2DXalpha, beta-D-xylopyranosyl- (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2DXbeta) and 3GLbeta with the other DIG-glycosides, the previous supposition on DIG-diglycosides (cardiac diglycosides) has been developed into the assumption that those having a (1 --> 4), (1 --> 3) or (1 --> 2)beta sugar linkage show stronger anti-ATPase and antiviral activities than those with a (1 --> 6) or (1 --> 2)alpha linkage.     

Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of sophocarpine

Aim of the study

This study aimed to assess the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of sophocarpine in rodents.

Materials and methods

The anti-nociceptive effect was evaluated in two experimental animal models and anti-inflammatory effect in three animal models, and sophocarpine was given by tail vein injection for the above study.

Results

Pretreatment with a single dose of sophocarpine (20 and 40 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent anti-nociceptive effects in thermally and chemically induced mouse pain models. Pretreatment with a single dose of sophocarpine also produced significant dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects on carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema (15 and 30 mg/kg), xylene-induced mouse ear edema (20 and 40 mg/kg) and acetic acid-induced mouse vascular permeation (20 and 40 mg/kg).

Conclusions

Sophocarpine possesses peripheral and central analgesic properties as well as anti-inflammatory activity on acute inflammatory processes.