挑筋法诱导大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的实验研究

本实验建立佐剂型关节炎模型 ,观察挑筋疗法的抗炎免疫作用 ,且运用末端标记法检测挑筋法对大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的影响。结果显示 ,挑筋疗法能减轻局部炎症反应 ,消退足部肿胀 ,使跖围减小 ,胸腺重量及厚度较模型组有显著下降。挑筋组和药物组 (地塞米松 )均出现细胞凋亡 ,凋亡率分别为 40 86%± 3 3 5 %、3 8 5 1 %± 3 5 9% ,两者无明显差异 (P >0 .1 )。实验表明 ,挑筋法可诱导大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡     

艾灸抗炎免疫作用的实验观察与分析

本实验建立大鼠佐剂性关节炎动物模型,观察艾克“肾俞”穴区的抗炎免疫作用。结果显示：灸疗能减轻局部炎症反应,消退足跖肿胀,使跖围减小;能预防或减轻多发性关节炎,维持体重,缩短病程。免疫功能观察表明,艾灸能恢复和促进ConA诱导的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,促进IL－2的产生,降低IL－1的含量。以上指标与对照组比较均有非常显著差异。实验表明,艾灸有直接的抗炎消肿作用,并通过提高免疫应答水平,催化、激活和调整免疫功能,增强机体的抗炎免疫能力,起到抗炎免疫和抗变态反应的作用。     

大鼠海马内微量注射6-羟多巴胺对艾灸抗炎免疫作用的影响

本文研究海马内NA能神经损毁对艾灸抗炎免疫作用的影响 ,探讨其中枢调节机理。实验建立AA大鼠模型 ,应用 6 OHDA作海马内微量注射 ,观察灸疗对跖围、胸和脾指数、IL 6、IL 2等炎症和免疫指标的改变。实验表明 ,艾灸组有显著的抗炎免疫作用 ,与对照组比较差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1 )。损毁海马内NA能神经支配后 ,灸疗的这一作用被部分阻断 ,上述指标与海马损毁组比较差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。结果提示 ,海马可能是艾灸治疗信息中枢整合的一个重要环节 ,海马 HPA系统是灸疗抗炎与免疫调节作用中一条重要的神经体液性途径。     

恩施地区板桥党参抗炎和免疫作用实验研究

目的:探讨恩施地区板桥党参的抗炎和免疫作用。方法:抗炎实验采用巴豆油致小鼠耳廓肿胀等常规抗炎模型;免疫实验采用对小鼠体内碳粒廓清功能影响等方法。结果:板党提取物可明显抑制巴豆油致小鼠耳廊肿胀及角叉菜胶引起的大鼠足跖肿胀,能显著抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿的增重及2,4二硝基氯苯(DNCB)致小鼠迟发型超敏反应(DTH),增强吞噬功能。结论:板党有明显的抗炎和免疫调节作用。     

喘哮康口服液解表抗炎作用研究

通过解表、抗炎实验的研究，发现喘哮康口服液能增加大鼠足跖部汗液分泌量，降低由伤寒菌苗引起的家兔体温升高，具有较好的清热解表作用；能抑制角叉菜引起大鼠足跖肿胀，具有一定的抗炎作用。结果表明喘哮康口服液具有散寒解表、清热抗炎的作用。     

压敏胶贴剂舒筋贴活血、抗炎作用的研究

目的:观察压敏胶贴剂舒筋贴的活血化瘀、抗炎作用。方法:观察舒筋贴对大鼠急性血瘀模型全血黏度、血浆黏度的影响;采用大鼠肉芽肿试验、蛋清致大鼠足肿胀试验、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀试验,考察受试药物的抗炎作用。结果:舒筋贴可显著降低大鼠急性血瘀模型全血黏度和血浆黏度;能明显抑制大鼠肉芽肿的增生;可降低蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀度;抑制二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓炎性肿胀。结论:舒筋贴具较强的活血化瘀及抗炎作用。     

舒胆抗炎胶囊抗炎、抑菌、利胆、镇痛作用的实验研究

目的:观察舒胆抗炎胶囊的主要药效学作用。方法:采用巴豆油致小鼠耳廓肿胀法、角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀实验观察其抗炎作用;体内试验观察其抗菌作用;收集胆汁观察其利胆作用,及醋酸扭体法观察其镇痛作用。结果:舒胆抗炎胶囊可明显降低小鼠耳廓和大鼠足跖肿胀度,对体内绿脓杆菌有抑制作用,可明显增加小鼠胆汁流量,减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数。结论:舒胆抗炎胶囊具有抗炎、抑菌、利胆、镇痛作用。     

荆楚风湿软膏抗炎和免疫实验研究

目的:观察荆楚风湿软膏(马钱子、制没药等)对小鼠、大鼠的抗炎、镇痛和免疫作用.方法:采用Whittle法、大鼠足跖肿胀法、小鼠碳粒廓清等方法进行实验.结果:受试药物外敷给药,对角叉菜致大鼠足跖肿胀有明显抑制作用;能抑制醋酸所致的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加;对2,4-二硝基氟苯致小鼠耳廓皮肤迟发性超敏反应有显著的抑制作用;能抑制小鼠体液免疫功能;对小鼠网状内皮细胞吞噬功能无明显影响.结论:该药品有一定的抗炎、镇痛和免疫抑制作用.     

荨麻多糖药理作用初步研究

目的：研究荨麻多糖的药理作用。方法：二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀实验、角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀实验、小鼠碳粒廓清实验。结果：荨麻多糖能明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀、角叉菜胶所致小鼠足跖肿胀,并能增强小鼠巨噬细胞的廓清能力。结论：荨麻多糖具有抗炎、增强免疫功能的作用。     

三种活麻水煎液药理作用探索

目的：研究活麻的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法：小鼠耳郭肿胀实验,大鼠足跖肿胀实验及小鼠热板法。结果：三种活麻水煎液均可明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳郭肿胀。角叉苯胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀以及热板法所致小鼠疼痛。结论;三种活麻水煎液均见有抗炎,镇痛作用。     

Effect of pine pollen extract on experimental chronic arthritis

The effects of pine pollen extract (PE) on Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)‐induced arthritis and collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) were investigated. The oral administration of PE (100 and 200 mg/kg per day) for 21 days after subcutaneous immunization with FCA, significantly reduced hindpaw swelling and the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6) compared with the FCA‐induced arthritis group. Treatment with the PE (100 mg/kg) also decreased the serum levels of LDL‐cholesterol and increased HDL‐cholesterol contents compared with those of the arthritis group. Since CIA is a model of some types of human autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the study examined whether PE is efficacious against CIA in mice and investigated the possible antioxidant potential of PE on CIA. Arthritis in DBA/1J mice was induced by subcutaneous immunization with bovine type II collagen. PE (100 and 200 mg/kg) was orally administered once daily for 49 days after initial immunization with type II collagen. The arthritis score and paw edema were markedly suppressed in the groups treated with PE. Moreover, administration of PE (100 mg/kg) for 49 days reduced the serum levels of rheumatoid factor, anti‐type II collagen antibody, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, protein carbonyl, advanced glycation endproducts, malondialdehyde and LDL‐cholesterol compared with that of CIA mice. These results suggest that the pine pollen might be beneficial in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

壮医针挑疗法对哮喘小鼠肺组织中胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素、T盒转录因子和锌指蛋白3mRNA表达的影响

目的:观察壮医针挑疗法对哮喘小鼠肺组织中T盒转录因子(T-bet)和锌指蛋白3(GATA 3)mRNA表达以及胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)的影响,探讨其治疗哮喘的机制。方法:成年雌性BALB/c小鼠30只,随机分为对照组、模型组、针挑组,每组10只。采用卵清蛋白致敏及激发制备哮喘小鼠模型。选取"大椎""肺俞""定喘""风门""肾俞"及"脾俞"等穴,每天针挑1次,共治疗7次。采用RT-PCR法检测肺组织T-bet及GATA 3mRNA表达水平;免疫荧光法检测TSLP表达;HE染色观察肺组织病理变化。结果:和对照组比较,模型组小鼠肺内TSLP、GATA 3mRNA相对表达量均显著升高(P0.01),而Tbet mRNA相对表达量降低(P0.05)。和模型组比较,针挑组小鼠肺内TSLP、GATA 3mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P0.01),而T-bet mRNA相对表达量升高(P0.05)。针挑组小鼠肺组织上皮增厚减轻,气管血管周围炎性反应细胞浸润较少。结论:降低肺组织TSLP含量和GATA 3mRNA表达,提高T-bet mRNA表达,可能是壮医针挑疗法治疗哮喘的机制之一。     

艾灸抗炎免疫作用中松果腺褪黑素高位调节的研究

目的研究松果腺褪黑素(MT)对炎症与免疫的调节,探讨艾灸抗炎免疫作用的机理.方法建立佐剂性关节炎大鼠模型,分别损毁其海马内NA神经和摘除肾上腺,观察艾灸对MT及细胞因子IL-6、IL-2的影响.结果艾灸"肾俞"穴能恢复和促进大鼠MT的分泌,使IL-6降低、IL-2升高,与对照组比较差异显著(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).失去肾上腺和海马交感神经的支配,松果腺MT增多,IL-6、IL-2含量上升,灸疗的抗炎免疫作用被削弱或部分阻断.结论提示松果腺MT参与艾灸抗炎免疫作用的高位调节.     

Diosmetin exhibits anti‐proliferative and anti‐inflammatory effects on TNF‐α‐stimulated human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes through regulating the Akt and NF‐κB signaling pathways

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation and proliferation of synovial tissues. Diosmetin is a bioflavonoid possessing an anti‐inflammatory property. Herein, we aimed to study the effects of diosmetin on the inflammation and proliferation of RA fibroblast‐like synoviocytes MH7A cells. MH7A cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit‐8 assay. Cell apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry. The production of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1) was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results showed that diosmetin inhibited tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α)‐induced proliferation increase in MH7A cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Diosmetin treatment resulted in an increase in apoptotic rates and a reduction in TNF‐α‐induced production of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and MMP‐1 in MH7A cells. Furthermore, diosmetin inhibited TNF‐α‐induced activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathways in MH7A cells. Suppression of Akt or NF‐κB promoted apoptosis and inhibited TNF‐α‐induced proliferation increase and production of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and MMP‐1 in MH7A cells, and diosmetin treatment enhanced these effects. Taken together, these findings suggested that diosmetin exhibited anti‐proliferative and anti‐inflammatory effects via inhibiting the Akt and NF‐κB pathways in MH7A cells.     

Anti‐Inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Lychnophora trichocarpha Spreng. (Brazilian Arnica)

The aerial parts of Lychnophora trichocarpha Spreng. (Asteraceae) are used macerated in water or ethanol to treat inflammation, pain, rheumatism, contusions, bruises and insect bites in Brazilian traditional medicine. In this study, anti‐inflammatory activity of ethanol extract from aerial parts of L. trichocarpha and its ethyl acetate fraction was investigated. Sesquiterpene lactones, lychnopholide (Lyc) and eremantholide C (EreC), isolated of ethyl acetate fraction, were also assayed for in vitro and in vivo anti‐inflammatory activity. Topical treatment with ointments containing ethanol extract, its ethyl acetate fraction and sesquiterpene lactones significantly reduced carrageenan‐induced mice paw oedema. In vitro assays demonstrated that Lyc inhibited interferon ‐γ/lipopolysaccharide ‐stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in J774A.1 macrophages and increased production of IL‐10 anti‐inflammatory cytokine. The reduction of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) production by EreC was accompanied by an increased production of IL‐10 in a concentration‐dependent manner in J774A.1 macrophages. The anti‐inflammatory effect of Lyc seems to involve the inhibition of production of NO and increased production of IL‐10. The mechanism of the effect of EreC on the reduction of carrageenan‐induced paw oedema may be attributed to inhibition of production of TNF‐α and stimulation of IL‐10 production. The results corroborate the use of ethanol extract from Lychnophora trichocarpha in folk medicine for anti‐inflammatory action and indicate that the topical route is suitable for use. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Picrorhiza kurroa Inhibits Experimental Arthritis Through Inhibition of Pro‐inflammatory Cytokines,Angiogenesis and MMPs

The present study investigates the anti‐arthritic activity of Picrorhiza kurroa (PK), on formaldehyde and adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AIA) in rat. Administration of Picrorhiza kurroa rhizome extract (PKRE) significantly inhibited joint inflammation in both animal models. In AIA‐induced arthritic rat, treatment with PKRE considerably decreased synovial expression of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor receptor‐1 (TNF‐R1) and vascular endothelial growth factor as compared with control. The anti‐arthritic activity was found to be well substantiated with significant suppression of oxidative and inflammatory markers as there was decreased malonaldehyde, Nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor alpha levels accompanied with increased glutathione and superoxide dismutase, catalase activities. Additionally, PKRE significantly inhibited the expression of degrading enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases‐3 and matrix metalloproteinases‐9 in AIA‐induced arthritic rat. Histopathology of paw tissue displayed decreased inflammatory cell infiltration as compared with control. Taken together, these results demonstrated the anti‐arthritic activity of PKRE against experimental arthritis, and the underlying mechanism behind this efficacy might be mediated by inhibition of inflammatory mediators and angiogenesis, improvement of the synovium redox status and decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

加味葛根芩连汤联合常规治疗对重度湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床疗效

目的考察加味葛根芩连汤联合常规治疗对重度湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床疗效。方法82例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组41例,对照组给予常规治疗(美沙拉嗪、氢化可的松琥珀酸钠),观察组在对照组基础上加用加味葛根芩连汤,疗程4周。检测症状评分、中医证候疗效、肠镜Baron评分、膜屏障功能指标(HIF⁃1α、DAO、D⁃LA)、血清促炎因子(IL⁃2、IL⁃6、TNF⁃α、IFN⁃γ、CRP)、血清抗炎因子(IL⁃4、IL⁃10、IL⁃13)、免疫功能指标(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、NK细胞)、凝血功能指标(FIB、APTT、PLT)、不良反应发生率变化。结果观察组总有效率较对照组升高(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组症状评分、肠镜Baron评分、膜屏障功能指标、血清促炎因子、CD8+、FIB、PLT、不良反应发生率较对照组降低(P<0.05),血清抗炎因子、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+、NK细胞、APTT升高(P<0.05)。结论加味葛根芩连汤联合常规治疗能有效缓解重度湿热型溃疡性结肠炎患者临床症状,保护肠黏膜,降低不良反应,其机制可能与抑制促炎因子分泌、促进抗炎因子分泌、激活免疫功能、改善凝血功能有关。     

Anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity of carvacrol in the respiratory system: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Carvacrol is a monoterpene present in the essential oil of a number of plants and has been widely used in traditional medicine because it is considered to have a range of therapeutic effects including in relation to respiratory disease. To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities of carvacrol when used in the treatment of respiratory disorders. A comprehensive literature search using Scopus, MEDLINE‐PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science was undertaken. Papers related to the anti‐inflammatory or antioxidant properties of carvacrol in the treatment of an injury in the respiratory system in in vivo studies and published in the period up to and including August 2019. A total of 152 studies were initially identified, with only 17 meeting the inclusion criteria. Five of the studies were performed in humans, and 12 were performed in rodents. Among the 17 studies included in the systematic review, we performed the meta‐analysis with nine of the studies with animals. Carvacrol had a positive effect on the reduction of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐8 and malondialdehyde (MDA); however, the analysis indicated that carvacrol had no effect on IL‐6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), probably due to the methodological quality of the studies and their heterogeneity. Current evidence supports the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects of carvacrol, but its relationship with the reduction of some inflammatory mediators in animals with lung injury needs further elucidation.     

Effect of Fucoxanthin Alone and in Combination with D‐glucosamine Hydrochloride on Carrageenan/kaolin‐induced Experimental Arthritis in Rats

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the fucoxanthin (FUCO) alone and in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride (GAH) on carrageenan/kaolin‐induced inflammatory arthritis model in rats and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Joint swelling, muscle weight ratio (%), histopathological examination and scoring, and proteoglycan degradation were examined. Pro‐inflammatory interleukin (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis (TNF‐α) levels, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) protein expression and nitric oxide (NO) level in knee synovial tissue extract were analyzed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting analysis, and Griess reagent assay, respectively. FUCO and FUCO + GAH not only may significantly reduce degrees of knee joint swelling and prevent against muscle atrophy, but also may significantly attenuate inflammation in synovial tissue, cartilage erosion, and proteoglycan loss. The efficacies of FUCO + GAH were stronger than that of GAH or FUCO. FUCO alone and FUCO + GAH can significantly inhibit upregulation of COX‐2 and iNOS protein expressions, decrease of IL‐1β and TNF‐α levels, and reduce NO production in knee synovial tissue extract. These results indicated that FUCO is an effective anti‐arthritis agent through an antiinflammation mechanism. FUCO may enhance therapeutic effect of GAH on rat arthritis through mechanism of antiinflammation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.