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1.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Cnestis ferruginea Vahl ex DC (Connaraceae) is a shrub widely used in traditional African Medicine (TAM) for the treatment of various painful and inflammatory conditions.Aim of the study
The objective of this study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanolic root extract of Cnestis ferruginea.Materials and methods
Analgesic activity was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, tail clip, and hot plate tests in mice. The carrageenan- and egg albumin-induced rat paw oedema, formaldehyde-induced arthritis inflammation, and xylene-induced ear oedema tests were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory actions of Cnestis ferruginea.Results
The methanolic root extract of Cnestis ferruginea (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg; p.o.) produced significant (P < 0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of pain response elicited by acetic acid and formalin while also increasing the nociceptive reaction latency in the tail clip and hot plate tests. In respect of anti-inflammatory activity, Cnestis ferruginea caused significant (P < 0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of oedema development in the carrageenan, egg albumin, formaldehyde, and xylene-induced inflammation tests. The effects of the extract in the various models were generally comparable to those of the standard drugs used.Conclusion
The findings in this study suggest that the methanolic root extract of Cnestis ferruginea possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities possibly mediated through peripheral and central mechanisms involving inhibition of release and/or actions of vasoactive substances (histamine, serotonin and kinins) and prostaglandins. The results justify the use of the extract in TAM for the treatment of painful and inflammatory conditions. 相似文献2.
Itankar PR Lokhande SJ Verma PR Arora SK Sahu RA Patil AT 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,135(2):430-433
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Carissa carandas commonly known as Karanda have a long history of use in traditional system of medicine. It is used by tribal healers of Western Ghat region of Karnataka as hepatoprotective and antihyperglycemic. However, no scientific data is available to validate the folklore claim. The present study has been designed to evaluate its unripe fruit for the antidiabetic activity.Aim
In the present study, methanol extract of unripe fruits and its fractions were studied for its antidiabetic potential.Materials and methods
The methanol extract and its fractions were screened for antidiabetic activity in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The polyphenolic, flavonoid and flavanone contents of methanolic extract and its fractions were also determined and correlated with its antidiabetic activity.Results
The experimental data indicated that the methanol extract and its ethyl acetate soluble fraction has significantly lowered the elevated blood glucose levels by 48% (p < 0.001) and 64.5% (p < 0.001) respectively at dose level of 400 mg/kg per oral after 24 h as compared to diabetic control. In order to assess the role of polyphenolic components in the relevant activity, polyphenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. The polyphenolic and flavonoid content of methanol extract and its ethyl acetate soluble fraction were found to be 15.8 ± 1.2 mg and 18.55 ± 0.34 mg (gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and flavonoid content 2.92 ± 0.03 mg and 1.534 ± 0.30 mg (rutin equivalent/g extract) respectively.Conclusion
The increased antidiabetic potential of ethyl acetate fraction over methanol extract is due to its partial purification achieved by fractionation which resulted in increase in degree of polymerization and segregation of secondary metabolites. 相似文献3.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Ficus religiosa Linn is frequently used for the treatment of nervous disorders among Pawara tribe of the Satpuda range, India.Aim of the study
This study aimed to investigate the anticonvulsant activity of the aqueous aerial root extract of Ficus religiosa in chemoconvulsant-induced seizures in mice.Materials and methods
The anticonvulsant activity of the extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) was investigated in strychnine-, pentylenetetrazole-, picrotoxin- and isoniazid-induced seizures in mice. Rat ileum and fundus strip preparations were used to study the effect of the extract on acetylcholine (Ach)- and serotonin (5-HT)-induced contractions, respectively.Results
The extract showed no toxicity and protected the animals in the strychnine and pentylenetetrazole tests in a dose-dependent manner. Its effect in the picrotoxin and isoniazid tests, however, was less potent. The extract also exhibited dose-dependent potentiation of Ach in rat ileum but failed to potentiate the effect of 5-HT in rat fundus strip preparation.Conclusions
The results suggest that an orally administered aqueous root extract of Ficus religiosa has dose-dependent and potent anticonvulsant activities against strychnine- and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. The observed activities may be ascribed to the appreciable content of zinc and magnesium in the extract. 相似文献4.
de Oliveira DM Luchini AC Seito LN Gomes JC Crespo-López ME Di Stasi LC 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,135(2):463-468
Ethnopharmacology relevance
Different plant species from Cordia genera are used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory medication throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In Brazil, Cordia verbenacea is a medicinal plant known as “erva-baleeira”. The alcoholic extracts, decoctions and infusions with leaves of C. verbenacea are used in Brazilian traditional medicine for treatment of cough, pneumonia, parasitic diseases and, especially, the inflammatory processes. Anti-inflammatory activity was already demonstrated; however, molecular mechanisms of action are not completely understood. Considering the importance of histamine in early events of inflammation and in allergic diseases, we evaluated the effect of ethanol extract of leaves of C. verbenacea on histamine release (in vitro and in vivo studies) from different types of mast cells induced by chemical agents using several species of rodents.Materials and Methods
The extraction and quantification of histamine were performed by using an automatic fluorometric continuous flow system.Results
The extract of C. verbenacea (30 μg/ml) reduced the in vitro secretion of histamine from rat mast cells induced by ionophore A23187, concanavalin A and compound 48/80, respectively, to 22.1 ± 2.2%, 24.3 ± 2.5% and 21.4 ± 2.1%. At the same concentration, the extract also inhibited the secretion of histamine from mast cells of guinea pig induced by ionophore A23187 to 33.3 ± 2.2%, and mast cells of hamster induced by ionophore A23187 and concanavalin A to 15.8 ± 2.5% and 10.8 ± 2.6%, respectively. The oral treatment with the extract (300 mg/kg) also inhibited the secretion of histamine induced by A23187 about to 36.3 ± 3.2% in rats.Conclusions
C. verbenacea inhibits the in vitro secretion of histamine from mast cells of different animal species, as well as the secretion of mast cells from animals treated with the extract, which gives not only the proven anti-inflammatory effect of the plant, but also anti-allergic effect, opening new possibilities for future anti-allergic herbal medicine. 相似文献5.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae), a widely growing shrub has been used in the traditional medicine for treating many ailments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of methanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves on gastric and duodenal ulcers.Materials and methods
The antiulcerogenic effect of methanolic extract of Lantana camara was evaluated in aspirin induced gastric ulcerogenesis in pyloric ligated rats, ethanol induced gastric ulcer, and cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer models. The extract was administered orally at two different doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. The lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione levels of ethanol induced gastric ulcer model and inhibition zone in diameter against Helicobacter pylori also determined.Results
The L. camara extract significantly (P < 0.01) reduced ulcer index, total acidity and significantly (P < 0.01) increased the gastric pH of aspirin + pylorus-ligation induced ulcerogenesis and ethanol induced gastric ulcer models. The extract also significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the ulcer index of cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer. The L. camara showed significant (P < 0.01) reduction in lipid peroxidation and increase in reduced glutathione levels. The inhibition zone in diameter of extract against H. pylori was 20 mm.Conclusion
The methanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves shown healing of gastric ulcers and also prevents development of duodenal ulcers in rats. 相似文献6.
Aim of the study
To evaluate analgesic effect and anti-inflammatory properties of Schwenckia americana (Solanaceae), a medicinal plant used for treating rheumatic pains and swelling in North-western Nigeria.Materials and methods
Three doses (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) of the crude methanolic extract of Schwenkia americana were evaluated for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities using acetic acid induced writhing test, formalin induced nociception, and formalin induced hind paw oedema in rats.Results
All doses (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) of the extract tested were effective. The extract at the tested doses produced a percentage inhibition of the acetic acid induced abdominal constriction of (53.3, 58.0 and 86.7%), respectively. A percentage inhibition of the formalin induced nociception of 44.00, 56.04, and 56.04% (early phase) and 33.00, 36.63 and 59.71% (late phase) was also produced. The inhibition of oedema formation increased with increasing dosage from 25 to 100 mg/kg. The crude extract produced a statistically significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the effect of standard drug (10 mg/kg Piroxicam).Conclusion
This study demonstrated the potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of crude methanolic extract of Schwenkia americana thus justifying its traditional usage. 相似文献7.
Bero J Hannaert V Chataigné G Hérent MF Quetin-Leclercq J 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,137(2):998-1002
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of crude extracts of 10 plant species traditionally used in Benin to treat parasitic infections.Materials and methods
For each species, dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous extracts were tested. Their antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities were evaluated in vitro on Trypanosoma brucei brucei (strain 427) (Tbb) and on promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana mexicana (MHOM/BZ/84/BEL46) (Lmm).Results
The best growth inhibition was observed with the dichloromethane extracts of aerial parts of Acanthospermum hispidum DC. (Asteraceae) (IC50 = 14.5 μg/ml on Tbb and 11.1 μg/ml on Lmm), twigs of Keetia leucantha (K. Krause) Bridson (syn. Plectronia leucantha Krause) (IC50 = 5.8 μg/ml on Tbb), aerial parts of Byrsocarpus coccineus Schumach. & Thonn (syn. Rourea coccinea (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hook.f.) (IC50 = 14.7 μg/ml on Tbb) and aerial parts of Carpolobia lutea G.Don. (IC50 = 18.3 μg/ml on Tbb). All these extracts had a low cytotoxicity. It is not the case for the methanolic and water extracts of roots of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. (IC50 = 14.7 and 13.8 μg/ml on Tbb) which were toxic at the same concentration range on WI38, human cells. A bio-guided fractionation of the most active extract of Keetia leucantha allowed to identify oleanolic acid and ursolic acid as responsible for the observed activities.Conclusion
Our study gives some justification for antiparasitic activity of some investigated plants. 相似文献8.
Lekana-Douki JB Bongui JB Oyegue Liabagui SL Zang Edou SE Zatra R Bisvigou U Druilhe P Lebibi J Toure Ndouo FS Kombila M 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,133(3):1103-1108
Aim of the study
As part of a project to identify new compounds active on malarial parasites, we tested the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of nine plants traditionally used to treat malaria symptoms in Haut-Ogooué Province, South-East Gabon.Materials and methods
Dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of each plant were tested for their antiplasmodial activity on two chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum (FCB and W2), based on lactate dehydrogenase activity. Cytotoxicity was assessed with the MTT test on MRC-5 human diploid embryonic lung cells.Results
The methanolic extract of Staudtia gabonensis and the dichloromethane extract of Adhatoda latibracteata showed high antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 1 μg/ml) and low cytotoxicity, with selectivity indexes of about 58.25 and 16.43, respectively. The methanolic extract of Monodora myristica and the dichloromethane extract of Afromomum giganteum also showed promising activity (1 < IC50 < 10 μg/ml) and low cytotoxicity, with selectivity indexes about 15.70 and 12.48, respectively. Dichloromethane extracts of Monodora myristica and Leonotis Africana showed moderate activity (10 < IC50 < 40 μg/ml), with selectivity indexes about 6.07 and 28.89, respectively. Both extracts of Culcasia lancifolia had IC50 values of 10-40 μg/ml but high cytotoxicity (selectivity indexes <2.77). The methanolic extract of Dorstenia klaineana had moderate antiplasmodial activity (IC50 around 17 μg/ml) but strong cytotoxicity (0.43 μg/ml), giving a selectivity index of about 0.03.Conclusions
Most extracts of nine selected plants traditionally used to treat malaria in Gabon had interesting antiplasmodial activity in vitro. This supports continued investigations of traditional medicines in the search for new antimalarial agents. The compounds responsible for the observed antiplasmodial effects are under investigation. 相似文献9.
Mbeunkui F Grace MH Lategan C Smith PJ Raskin I Lila MA 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2012,139(2):471-477
Ethnopharmacological relevance
The stem bark of Geissospermum vellosii has been traditionally used by the native population of northern South America to treat malaria. Indole alkaloids have been previously isolated from this plant, but the antiplasmodial constituents have not yet been described. As part of our ongoing investigations of new bioactive compounds with activity against malaria parasites, we tested the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of isolated fractions and purified alkaloids from Geissospermum vellosii.Materials and methods
Indole alkaloids were isolated and identified from a methanolic crude extract of Geissospermum vellosii bark using a combination of high performance counter current chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance technologies. The methanolic extract, the crude alkaloid fractions and the purified compounds were tested for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (D10).Results
An indole alkaloid (4) along with four known indole alkaloids, geissolosimine (1), geissospermine (2), geissoschizoline (3), and vellosiminol (5) were isolated and structure elucidated. The antiplasmodial activity (IC50) of the methanolic crude extract was 2.22 μg/mL, while for the isolated compounds it ranged from 0.96 μM to 13.96 μM except for (5) which showed a low activity (157 μM). Geissolosimine (1) showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (0.96 μM).Conclusions
This study provides evidence to support the use of Geissospermum vellosii as an antimalarial agent, as used by the native populations. Geissolosimine (1) is a lead molecular structure for possible antimalarial drug development. 相似文献10.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Nyctanthes arbortristis L. (Oleaceae) is widely used in the traditional medicine of India. The plant is shown to have antibacterial and antileishmanial activities.Aim of the study
Evaluation of iridoid glucosides from the plant as inhibitor of trypanothione reductase (TryR), a validated drug target enzyme of the Leishmania parasite. The study contributes towards understanding mechanism of antileishmanial effect of the plant.Materials and methods
TryR of Leishmania parasite is expressed and purified. Iridoid glucosides are isolated from the plant and tested as inhibitor of TryR enzyme of the parasite.Results
Inhibitory constant (Ki) of various iridoid glucosides ranges from 3.24 ± 0.05 μM to 6.49 ± 0.05 μM. Thus, the molecular mechanism underlying antileishmanial activity of these compounds is mediated through inhibition of TryR.Conclusion
The current study also points out towards potential application of iridoid glucosides as novel drugs against the disease. 相似文献11.
Aim of study
The aim of this study was to establish the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of Dregea volubilis leaves (MEDV) with its fractions and to delineate the possible mechanism of action for MEDV.Materials and methods
The anti-inflammatory activities of MEDV along with its petroleum ether and chloroform fractions were evaluated in a carrageenan induced model of acute inflammation. The effect of MEDV on lipopolysaccharide induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in macrophages was also studied.Results
MEDV (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced carrageenan induced paw edema; chloroform fraction was most potent (66%, p < 0.001). MEDV was non-toxic up to 125 μg/ml in mouse peritoneal macrophages wherein it (0-100 μg/ml) reduced lipopolysaccharide induced NO production.Conclusion
MEDV possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity. Chloroform fraction of MEDV showed best anti-inflammatory activity. 相似文献12.
M.C. Tchamadeu P.D.D. DzeufietP. Nana C.C. Kouambou NougaF. Ngueguim Tsofack J. Allard N. Blaes R. SiagatL. Zapfack J.P. Girolami I. Tack P. KamtchouingT. Dimo 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,133(2):329-335
Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub (Papilionaceae) is used in Cameroonian traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia to treat hypertension, diabetes, gastrointestinal parasitizes and cutaneous diseases.
Aim of the study
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the safety of an aqueous stem bark extract of Pterocarpus soyauxii by determining toxicity after acute and sub-chronic oral administration in male and female rodents.Materials and methods
The acute toxicity test was conducted in mice. An aqueous extract of barks was administrated by gavage in single doses of 2.5-12.5 g/kg. General behaviour and mortality were examined for up to 7 days. The sub-chronic toxicity test was performed in rats. The plant extract was administered by daily gavage of 150-600 mg/kg for 42 days. Body weight, food and water intakes were followed weekly. Haematological, biochemical and organ parameters were determined at the end of the 42-day administration.Results
In the acute study in mice, oral administration of the aqueous extract of Pterocarpus soyauxii caused dose-dependent general behaviour adverse effects and mortality. The no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of the extract was 5.0 g/kg. The lowest-observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 7.5 mg/kg. Mortality increased with the dose, LD50 was > 10.75 g/kg for the mouse. In the sub-chronic study in rats, daily oral administration of the aqueous extract of Pterocarpus soyauxii did not result in death or significant changes in haematological or biochemical parameters, excepted increased hepatic catalase activity (P < 0.05) at the dose of 600 mg/kg. No alteration was observed in body weight, food and water intake. Liver, kidney, lung and pancreas histopathology did not reveal morphological alteration.Conclusions
The results showed that the aqueous stem bark extract of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub had very low toxicity in oral acute high dose administration and no toxicity in oral sub-chronic low dose administration and indicate that the plant could be considered safe for oral medication. 相似文献13.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Aegiceras corniculatum (Linn.) Blanco is used in various traditional medicinal system(s) for the treatment of rheumatism, painful arthritis and inflammation. Therefore, the pharmacological studies of its antinociceptive effect was undertaken to validate its traditional use.Materials and methods
n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract(s) derived from Aegiceras corniculatum (stems) were studied using various nociceptive model(s) induced chemically or thermally in mice including acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced paw licking and hot plate test.Results
In acetic acid-induced writhing test, plant extracts dose dependently decreased the writhing numbers. The methanolic extract (1-10 mg/kg, i.p. in mice) of the plant was more potent than acetaminophen and acetyl salicylic acid, with an IC50 of 4.2 ± 0.99 mg/kg. Moreover, the time of nociceptive behaviors induced by intraplantar formalin injection was also suppressed during 1st and 2nd phases in the presence of ethyl acetate extract whereas, n-hexane and methanolic extracts inhibited the paw licking in mice during the 1st (IC50 12 ± 0.76 mg/kg) and 2nd phases (IC50 3.8 ± 0.55 mg/kg). Naloxone, β-funaltrexamine, and naltrindole antagonized the n-hexane extract-induced antinociception in the first phase of formalin test indicating its non-selective analgesic response via opioid receptor(s). However, ethyl acetate extract was devoid of any opioid action. Additionally, these extracts significantly inhibited the pain stimulation in hot plate test. Withdrawal syndrome of morphine dependence was also diminished in the presence of plant extracts via potentiation of GABAergic system.Conclusion
These results suggested that Aegiceras corniculatum extract(s) possesses analgesic properties and acts on the central nervous system, thereby suppressing the inflammatory pain justifying its folklore use. 相似文献14.
Barua CC Pal SK Roy JD Buragohain B Talukdar A Barua AG Borah P 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,134(1):62-66
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Leaves of Plantago erosa ex Roxb are used traditionally in Northeast India in different illnesses which include wounds, cuts, bruises, insect bites, poison-ivy rashes, minor sores and snakebite, etc.Aim of the study
Plantago erosa is one of the commonly used medicinal plants in various inflammatory conditions in this region; however, due to paucity of scientific literature on its anti-inflammatory property, the present study was aimed at evaluating its anti-inflammatory activity in the leaves using in vivo models of inflammation.Materials and methods
Different models like carageenan induced paw edema in rat and mice, formalin induced paw licking in rats and cotton pellet induced granuloma in rats were used for studying the anti-inflammatory activity in methanol extract of Plantago erosa (PEME) leaves.Results
The PEME at the oral doses from 300 to 600 mg/kg showed anti-inflammatory activity in various models. The extract (PEME) reduced carageenan induced paw edema in rat and mice, inhibited the formation of granulomatous tissue in cotton pellet induced granuloma after treatment and also decreased the reaction time in both early and late phases in formalin induced paw licking in rats.Conclusion
The study evidently confirmed anti-inflammatory activity of PEME and thus supported the traditional claim. The anti-inflammatory activity could be attributed to the phytoconstituent (flavonoids, alkaloids and steroid) present in the methanol extract of the plant. 相似文献15.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Ficus religiosa (Moraceae) is reported to have numerous therapeutic utility in folk medicine. Among different biological activities on central nervous system, it has been reported to be used in ethnomedical treatment of epilepsy, which led us to further explore its anticonvulsant activity in various animal models of epilepsy.Aim of the study
To investigate anticonvulsant activity of methanolic extract of figs of Ficus religiosa in animal models and to determine its possible anticonvulsant mechanism.Materials and methods
Anticonvulsant activity of figs extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) was studied in seizures induced by maximum electroshock (MES), picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Cyproheptadine, a nonselective (5HT1/2) serotonin antagonist (4 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to study the reversal of protective effect of extract in the above mentioned models. Acute toxicity, neurotoxicity and potentiation of pentobarbitone induced sleep by extract was also studied.Results
Extract showed no toxicity, potentiated pentobarbitone induced sleep and inhibited seizures induced by MES and picrotoxin in a dose dependent manner. Anticonvulsant effect of extract was comparable to clinically used antiepileptic drugs (phenytoin and diazepam). However, PTZ induced seizures were not inhibited. Animals pretreated with cyproheptadine showed inhibition of the anticonvulsant effect of extract.Conclusions
These findings suggested that the methanolic extract of figs of Ficus religiosa had anticonvulsant activity against MES and picrotoxin induced convulsions, with no neurotoxic effect, in a dose dependent manner. Inhibition of the anticonvulsant effect of extract by cyproheptadine substantiates the involvement of serotonergic pathways for the anticonvulsant activity of extract. 相似文献16.
Rocky Graziose Thirumurugan Rathinasabapathy Carmen LateganAlexander Poulev Peter J. SmithMary Grace Mary Ann LilaIlya Raskin 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,133(1):26-30
Aim of the study
The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the active constituents of the traditionally used antimalarial plant Liriodendron tulipifera by antiplasmodial-assay guided fractionation.Materials and methods
Bark and leaves were extracted with solvents of increasing polarity. Fractions were generated using flash chromatography, counter current chromatography and preparative HPLC and subjected to in vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity assays. Active fractions were subjected to further fractionation until pure compounds were isolated, for which the IC50 values were calculated.Results and discussion
Six known aporphine alkaloids, asimilobine (1), norushinsunine (2), norglaucine (3), liriodenine (4), anonaine (5) and oxoglaucine (6) were found to be responsible for the antiplasmodial activity of the bark. Leaves yielded two known sesquiterpene lactones, peroxyferolide (7) and lipiferolide (8) with antiplasmodial activity. The antiplasmodial activity of (2) (IC50 = 29.6 μg/mL), (3) (IC50 = 22.0 μg/mL), (6) (IC50 = 9.1 μg/mL), (7) (IC50 = 6.2 μg/mL) and (8) (IC50 = 1.8 μg/mL) are reported for the first time.Conclusion
This work supports the historical use of Liriodendron tulipifera as an antimalarial remedy of the United States and characterizes its antiplasmodial constituents. 相似文献17.
Ya'u J Abdulmalik UN Yaro AH Chindo BA Anuka JA Hussaini IM 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2011,135(3):725-729
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Balanites aegyptiaca is a native plant from the dry tropical areas of Africa and Arabia. It has been used in traditional medicine to treat psychoses, epilepsy, rheumatism and for the management of cough, liver and spleen conditions for many years. The plant is also used as antihelmintic and molluscicide.Aim of the study
The present studies aimed at investigating the behavioral properties of ethanol extract of the root of this medicinal plant, which is already in common applications in the Nigerian traditional medicine.Materials and methods
The intraperitoneal and oral mean lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was determined using the Lorke's method. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract was carried out to identify the secondary metabolites in the extract. Furthermore, the behavioral properties of the extract were evaluated using diazepam-induced sleep, open field test, staircase test and beam walking assay all in mice.Results
The extract significantly (p < 0.001) prolonged the duration diazepam (20 mg/kg i.p)-induced sleep in mice dose dependently. However, the extract showed no significant effect on the onset of diazepam-induced sleep. In the open field test, the extract (150 and 300 mg/kg) and diazepam (0.05 mg/kg) produced a significant (p < 0.05, p < 0.005 and p < 0.001) decrease in the number of square crossings. There was no significant effect on the number of centre square crossing following the administration of the extract. The extract (75 and 150 mg/kg) and diazepam (0.05 mg/kg) produced a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the number of rearing suggestive of sedation. In the staircase experiment there was a decrease in the number of upward step climbing as well as number of rearing suggesting anxiolytic and sedative properties of the extract. In the beam walking assay the extract did not produce any significant increase in the time taken to complete task as compared to diazepam 1 mg/kg which was significant at p < 0.05. Furthermore, 300 mg/kg of the extract and diazepam 1 mg/kg showed significant (p < 0.05) mean number of foot slips, suggesting that the central nervous system depressant activity might not necessarily due to peripheral neuromuscular blockade.Conclusion
The result indicates that the extract of Balanites aegyptiaca possess biologically active compound(s) that have anxiolytic and sedative properties, which support the ethnomedicinal use of the plant as antipsychotic and antiepileptic agents. 相似文献18.
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Nervilia plicata (Orchidaceae) has long been used in the antidiabetic medicinal preparations of traditional healers of Wayanad (Kerala), but recuperative potential of the plant was remained undefined. We demonstrated the regenerative potential of the plant extract on kidney affected by type 2 diabetes besides lowering blood glucose.Aim of the study
The aim of the current study was to investigate the recuperative and regenerative potential of alcoholic stem extract of Nervilia plicata on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic models.Materials and methods
Non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was induced in overnight fasted rats by intramuscular injection (IMI) of 60 mg/kg STZ and 120 mg/kg of nicotinamide after 5 min interval. Blood glucose was assessed by a glucometer, serum urea and creatinine levels were determined by diacetylmonooxime method and Jaffe reaction respectively. Kidney sections were taken and stained with Masson's tri-dye and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and examined for structural changes. Also lipid peroxidation product (LPP) levels were determined as thio barbituric acid reactive substance levels (TBARS) method.Results
On administration of 5 mg/kg of plant extract, blood glucose levels of the NIDDM rats showed 62.00 and 76.29% decrease in the blood glucose levels on day 0 and day 30 respectively. Damages caused to the kidney tissue were negligible or not seen. Serum urea and creatinine levels showed 61.49 and 70.96% decrease on day 30. LPP levels of kidney and pancreas showed 70.58 and 77.41% decrease respectively.Conclusion
These results demonstrate significant antidiabetic and regenerative potential of the Nervilia plicata, justifying the use of plant in the indigenous system of medicine. Isolation and characterisation of the compound(s) playing pivotal role in the cure would open new vistas in the therapy of type 2 diabetes. 相似文献19.
Mohammad Arfan Nematullah Khan Muhammad Saeed Fazal-ur-Rehman 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010,131(2):502-504
Aims of the study
Current study was designed to explore the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of a constituent isolated from Mallotus philippinensis, in order to validate its folk use.Materials and methods
11-O-galloylbergenin was isolated from ethanolic extract of Mallotus philippinensis. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the test compound were assessed using formalin test and carrageenan-induced paw edema models.Results
11-O-galloylbergenin showed significant analgesic activity at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg against formalin test in rats. Similarly, 11-O-galloylbergenin exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema model at doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg.Conclusion
11-O-galloylbergenin has demonstrated its significant potential to be further investigated for its discovery as a new lead compound for management of pain and inflammation. 相似文献20.
Odile Desire Céline Rivière René Razafindrazaka Laurence Goossens Stéphane Moreau Jean Guillon Suzanne Uverg-Ratsimamanga Pascal Andriamadio Nicholas Moore Adolphe Randriantsoa Amélie Raharisololalao 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2010