青钱柳化学成分及降血糖活性研究概况

通过查阅国内外有关青钱柳化学成分和降糖活性相关文献研究报道,对青钱柳化学成分及其降血糖活性作用的内容进行文献整理、分析和归纳。研究表明,青钱柳化学成分比较复杂,包括萜类、黄酮类、甾体类、鞣质、有机酸、生物碱等,且研究部位多集中在青钱柳叶中;青钱柳降血糖活性作用部位可分为水提物和醇提物,其降血糖活性成分主要为多糖类、黄酮类、三萜及皂苷类、甾体类成分等。本文对青钱柳化学成分及其降血糖药效学研究进行了综述,以期对进一步研究提供方法和思路。     

青钱柳黄酮类成分不同提取方法及药理活性研究

青钱柳具有"医学界第三棵树"的美誉,其芽叶加工成的青钱柳茶在治疗"三高症"方面有显著的效果,黄酮类化合物是青钱柳的主要有效成分。青钱柳黄酮具有降血糖、抗氧化、抗菌、抗急性肝损伤等药理作用,其提取方法包括溶剂提取、超声辅助、微波辅助,酶水解等。对青钱柳黄酮化学成分及提取、活性研究等方面进行综述总结,为青钱柳的进一步研究和开发应用提供参考。     

青钱柳降血糖功能因子研究概况

为进一步开发利用青钱柳这一我国独有的植物资源,对其降血糖功能因子青钱柳多糖、青钱柳黄酮及其所含微量元素的研究进展情况进行综述。以期为青钱柳的深入系统研究提供参考依据。     

青钱柳主要化学成分研究进展

青钱柳是我国独有的珍稀植物,是集绿化、材用、茶饮保健、药用治疗于一体的树种。青钱柳化学成分复杂,药理活性多样,目前已知有黄酮类、多糖类、三萜类、酚酸类和无机元素类等化学成分,为进一步研究和开发青钱柳,现对近20年来青钱柳主要化学成分的含量测定与提取等方面研究进展作一综述。     

微波辅助水解青钱柳多糖的工艺研究

目的优选微波辅助水解青钱柳多糖的工艺。方法采用单因素试验和均匀设计试验,以半乳糖的量为评价指标,对影响青钱柳多糖水解的因素进行研究。结果微波辅助水解青钱柳多糖的最佳工艺:水解温度120℃,三氟乙酸的浓度为2 mol/L,水解时间20 min。结论此方法简单、高效、节能,可用于青钱柳多糖的水解。     

国内近10年青钱柳多糖研究进展

青钱柳多糖在降血脂、降血糖、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等方面表现出较强的生物学活性,其中降血脂和降血糖作用已成为近年来研究热点。本文对国内近10年报道的青钱柳多糖提取纯化、含量测定及生物学活性研究进行综述,以期为青钱柳多糖深入研究及产业开发提供参考。     

青钱柳多糖的研究进展

查阅国内外青钱柳多糖相关研究文献,对青钱柳多糖的提取、分离纯化、含量测定、降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化等生物活性进行综述。分析总结并探讨今后的发展趋势,以为青钱柳多糖的深入研究提供理论依据。     

青钱柳嫩叶的显微鉴别

青钱柳Cyclocaryapaliurus (Batals )Iljinsk 系胡桃科青钱柳属植物 ,特产于我国 ,在长江以南各省区有分布〔1〕。其嫩叶捣烂取汁擦敷患处 ,可治各种癣症〔2、3〕。动物实验表明 ,其嫩叶的粗提物有降血压、血糖和抑制血清胆固醇升高的作用〔4、5〕。鉴于此 ,笔者对青钱柳嫩叶进行了显微鉴别研究 ,以利于深入开发青钱柳。1　材料与方法从江西神茶实业有限公司购买已晒干但尚未粉碎的青钱柳嫩叶 ,并于 5～ 6月份在江西省修水县和湖北省武当山采集新鲜嫩叶。将新鲜嫩叶用FAA液固定 ,晒干的叶碾碎后用于显微鉴别研究。固定的叶分别制成表面片…     

青钱柳的基础理论研究和临床观察

青钱柳的基础理论研究和临床观察冷任轩（江西中医学院３３０００６）关键词青钱柳，功效研究，疗效观察青钱柳是梅山神茶的主要原料，是我国珍稀树种之一，为落叶乔禾，其叶甘甜滋润，能生津止渴，在江西省修水县民间采取嫩叶配以少量茶叶制作成保健强身饮料已有２００余...     

我国发现治疗糖尿病的单一属种植物

我国科研人员经过近２０年的研究，发现并证实了青钱柳能有效地用于治疗糖尿病。青钱柳是胡桃科的单一属种植物，是我国珍稀植物之一。其形态为落叶乔木，高可达２５米。其主要分布在海拔４００米至８００米的山坡或山埚的阔叶林中。研究表明青钱柳对动物无毒副作用，对动...     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.     

瑞香科五属植物中酚性聚合物的结构特征、分布及药理活性研究进展

瑞香科植物广泛分布于世界热带和温带地区,其中多种植物可供药用。在对该科植物的研究中发现,黄酮类、木脂素和香豆素等酚性化合物的低聚体为其重要的特征性成分,药理活性主要表现在抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌和抗病毒等方面。对已发现的酚性聚合体的化学结构、植物来源及药理活性进行综述,为瑞香科植物今后的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

HPLC法同时测定沉香化滞丸中11种成分

目的采用HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定沉香化滞丸中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚11种成分。方法采用Thermo Syncronis C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为水-乙腈,梯度洗脱:0～10 min,20%乙腈;10～20 min,20%～40%乙腈;20～24 min,40%乙腈;24～26 min,40%～52%乙腈;26～30 min,52%乙腈;30～31 min,52%～90%乙腈;31～35 min,90%乙腈;35～40 min,90%～100%乙腈;40～43min,100%乙腈;43～45min,100%～20%乙腈;检测波长215nm,体积流量1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量20μL。结果各成分在43 min内分离良好,沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的线性范围分别为1.4～13.6、10.0～200.0、31.5～315.0、1.0～120.1、1.8～50.6、0.93～10.1、1.8～30.0、0.2～40.3、1.8～18.1、1.7～25.0、0.45～10.70μg/mL;样品中各成分的平均回收率均在98.90%～100.87%;11种成分精密度RSD在0.55%～1.54%;供试品溶液在30 h内稳定性良好,RSD在0.75%～1.94%;重复性RSD在0.39%～1.73%。6批次样品中沉香四醇、柚皮苷、橙皮苷、新橙皮苷、和厚朴酚、大黄素、厚朴酚、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚质量分数分别为92.0～201.0、511.5～9 033.0、5 475.0～12 635.5、54.5～5 095.5、192.0～2 137.5、117.0～391.5、106.5～1 281.5、13.0～136.5、93.5～199.0、177.0～1 207.0、33.5～251.5μg/g。结论本方法准确、快速、简便,重复性好,精密度高,适用于沉香化滞丸中多种活性成分的定量分析。