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1.
Aims
In recent decades there has been an increased focus on non-pharmacological treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in leisure time physical activity (PA), smoking, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption reported in 2000, 2005 and 2010 by Danish subjects with diabetes.Methods
Data comprised level of leisure time PA (inactive; moderate active; medium active; high active); smoking; BMI; and alcohol consumption, provided by The Danish Health and Morbidity Surveys. Participants older than 45 years with or without diabetes were included from cross-sectional analyses from 2000, 2005 and 2010.Results
In participants with diabetes, leisure time PA levels increased from 2000 to 2010: The percentage of those that were physically active increased from 53.5% to 78.2% (p < 0.001; women) and from 67.8% to 79.1% (p = 0.01; men). The prevalence of daily smokers was reduced from 27.2% to 16.4%, p = 0.015, in women with diabetes. In men with diabetes, BMI increased from 27.2 ± 4.0 to 28.6 ± 5.1 kg m−2, p = 0.003, and men who exceeded the maximum recommendation for alcohol consumption increased from 9.4% to 19.0%, p = 0.007. The leisure time PA level was reduced in participants with diabetes compared to participants without diabetes throughout the study.Conclusions
The percentage of physically active Danish participants older than 45 years with diabetes increased from 2000 to 2010, and the most beneficial trends in life style were observed among the women. These trends may have serious implications for cardiovascular risk in Danish patients with diabetes. 相似文献2.
Axel C. Carlsson Michael Calamia Ulf Risérus Anders Larsson Johanna Helmersson-Karlqvist Lars Lind Johan Ärnlöv 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2014
Background and Objectives
Insulin resistance has been shown to be closely associated with glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, even prior to the development of diabetes. Urinary kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) is a novel, highly specific marker of kidney tubular damage. The role of insulin resistance in the development of kidney tubular damage is not previously reported. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations between insulin sensitivity (assessed by HOMA) and urinary KIM-1.Design, setting, participants and measurements
Two community-based cohorts of elderly individuals were investigated: Prospective Investigation of the vasculature in Uppsala seniors (PIVUS, n = 701; mean age 75 years, 52% women); and Uppsala Longitudinal Study of adult men (ULSAM, n = 533; mean age 78 years).Results
Lower insulin sensitivity was associated with higher urinary KIM-1 in both cohorts after adjustments for age, BMI, blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, glomerular filtration rate, and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (PIVUS: regression coefficient for 1-SD higher HOMA-IR 0.11, 95% CI 0.03–0.20, p = 0.009, and ULSAM: 0.13, 95% CI 0.04–0.22, p = 0.007). Results were similar in individuals without diabetes, with normal kidney function and normo-albuminuria.Conclusions
Our findings in elderly individuals support the notion that the interplay between an impaired glucose metabolism and renal tubular damage is evident even prior to the development of diabetes and overt kidney disease. 相似文献3.
Ji Hee Yu Mi-Seon Shin Jeong Rim Lee Jong Han Choi Eun Hee Koh Woo Je Lee Joong-Yeol Park Min-Seon Kim 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2014
Aims
Increased sugar consumption may adversely affect glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Although patients with diabetes are generally thought to prefer sweet tastes, few data are available on the sucrose preference in these individuals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sucrose preference in patients with type 2 diabetes in comparison with subjects without diabetes.Methods
Sucrose preference was assessed in 200 subjects (100 type 2 diabetes patients and 100 age-, sex- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control subjects). Sucrose preference was evaluated together with sucrose perception (i.e., sucrose sensitivity). Clinical and biochemical factors affecting sucrose taste were also analyzed.Results
Participants with type 2 diabetes preferred lower sucrose concentrations compared with control subjects (p = 0.001), although they had a less sensitive palate for sucrose compared with subjects without diabetes (p = 0.012). Individual sucrose preference demonstrated a negative relationship with sensitivity to sucrose in control subjects. Notably, this relationship between sucrose preference and sensitivity was completely absent in participants with type 2 diabetes. Male patients with diabetes demonstrated a higher sucrose preference compared with female patients. There were no significant correlations between sucrose preference and glycemic control, duration of diabetes, or anti-diabetic medications.Conclusions
Participants with type 2 diabetes demonstrate a lower preference for sweet tastes than control subjects despite their decreased perception of sucrose. Reduced sucrose preference is not associated with better glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. 相似文献4.
Jason H. Karnes Yan Gong Meghan J. Arwood John G. Gums Karen L. Hall Marian C. Limacher Julie A. Johnson Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2014
Aims
Thiazide diuretics are recommended as first line antihypertensive treatment, but may contribute to new onset diabetes. We aimed to describe change in fasting glucose (FG) during prolonged thiazide treatment in an observational setting.Methods
We conducted an observational, non-randomized, open label, follow-up study of the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) and PEAR-2 studies. We enrolled previous participants from the PEAR or PEAR-2 studies with at least 6 months of continuous treatment with either hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) or chlorthalidone. Linear regression was used to identify associations with changes in FG after prolonged thiazide and thiazide-like diuretic treatment.Results
A total of 40 participants were included with a mean 29 (range 8–72) months of thiazide treatment. FG increased 6.5 (SD 13.0) mg/dL during short-term thiazide treatment and 3.6 (SD 15.3) mg/dL FG during prolonged thiazide treatment. Increased FG at follow-up was associated with longer thiazide treatment duration (β = 0.34, p = 0.008) and lower baseline FG (β = −0.46, p = 0.02). β blocker treatment in combination with prolonged thiazide diuretic treatment was also associated with increased FG and increased 2-h glucose obtained from OGTT.Conclusions
Our results indicate that prolonged thiazide treatment duration is associated with increased FG and that overall glycemic status worsens when thiazide/thiazide-like diuretics are combined with β blockers. 相似文献5.
LCT-13910C > T polymorphism-associated lactose malabsorption and risk for colorectal cancer in Italy
Elena Tarabra Paola Pazienza Elisabetta Borghesio Giovanni C. Actis Gianfranco Tappero Luciana Framarin Mohammad Ayoubi Francesca Castellino Nicola Leone Giovanni Sansoè Paolo De Paolis Alessandro Comandone Floriano Rosina 《Digestive and liver disease》2010,42(10):741-743
Background
The activity of epithelial lactase (LCT) associates with a polymorphism 13910 bp upstream the LCT-encoding gene (LCT-13910C > T). The relationship between LCT-13910C > T polymorphism and risk for colorectal cancer is unclear.Aims
We examined the relationship between the LCT-13910C > T polymorphism causing lactose intolerance and risk for colorectal cancer/polyps onset in the Italian population.Patients and methods
793 subjects (306 with colorectal cancer, 176 with polyps and 311 controls) were genotyped for the LCT-13910C > T variant by TaqMan real time-PCR.Results
Lactose malabsorption linked to the CC genotype did not associate with an increased risk for either colorectal cancer (OR = 1.041; 95% CI = 0.751–1.442; p = 0.868) or polyps (OR = 0.927; 95% CI = 0.630–1.363; p = 0.769). There was no association with colorectal cancer/polyps site. 60% of the subjects overall bore the CC genotype.Conclusion
In the Italian population the LCT-13910C > T polymorphism is not associated to the risk for colorectal cancer or polyps. 相似文献6.
Aim
The purpose of this study was to determine an optimal cut-off point of skeletal muscle mass, using appendicular lean body mass (LBM) index, that identifies at risk individuals with deteriorated insulin sensitivity, using an established quantitative insulin sensitivity index (QUICKI) cut-off.Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis in 231 lean and obese (BMI: 18.7–51.0 kg/m2) menopausal women. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were obtained to calculate QUICKI as an index of insulin sensitivity. Skeletal muscle mass was measured as appendicular LBM by DXA and expressed as appendicular LBM index [appendicular LBM (kg)/height (m2)]. Cut-offs were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.Results
The best cut-off value for skeletal muscle mass index to identify menopausal women with reduced insulin sensitivity was 7.025 kg/m2 which had a sensitivity of 69.5% and specificity of 58.2%.Conclusion
Our results suggest that sedentary postmenopausal women with an appendicular skeletal muscle mass index above 7.025 kg/m2 may be at greater risk of insulin resistance. Prospective studies are needed to validate our result. 相似文献7.
Shang-Jyh Chiou Pei-Tseng Kung James M. Naessens Kuang-Hua Huang Yu-Chia Chang Yueh-Hsin Wang Wen-Chen Tsai 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2014
Aims
To assess whether the increased knowledge and resources available to physicians led to differences in dialysis and survival rates between physicians and non-physician patients with diabetes.Methods
All newly diagnosed (1997–2009) type 2 diabetes patients aged ≥35 years from the National Health Insurance Program of Taiwan database were included. After propensity score matching (1:10), we estimated the relative risk of dialysis and death using Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for demographic characteristics and comorbidities.Results
Physicians with diabetes were more likely to start dialysis than general patients, with a 48% increased hazard risk (HR) (P = 0.006). Physicians with diabetes had significantly lower risk of death (HR: 0.88; P = 0.025). However, those requiring dialysis had a non-significant increased risk of death (HR: 1.19). There was an increased HR for death in older physicians (HR: 1.81; P < 0.001) and those with cancer or catastrophic illness. The HR of dialysis (7.89; P < 0.0001) increased dramatically with increasing Charlson Comorbidity Index scores.Conclusions
Physicians with DM survived longer than other patients with diabetes, likely benefiting from their professional resources in disease control and prevention. Nonetheless, they displayed no advantage from their medical backgrounds compared with the general patients if they developed end stage renal disease. 相似文献8.
Si Thu Win Tin Geoffrey Kenilorea Eva Gadabu John Tasserei Ruth Colagiuri 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2014
Aim
To determine the prevalence of diabetes complications and associated risk factors among people with type 2 diabetes in three Pacific Island countries, Nauru, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 459 people with diabetes. Subjects were screened for complications using a standardised protocol which gathered information on demographics, physical and biochemical parameters.Results
Of the 459 subjects, 47% were female, mean age was 54 years and mean duration of diabetes was eight years. The prevalence of diabetes complications was significantly higher in Nauru compared with the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu – microalbuminuria 71%, 36% and 51% respectively (P < 0.001), retinopathy 69%, 40% and 42% respectively (P < 0.001), and abnormal foot sensation 30%, 23% and 19% respectively (P = 0.036). The prevalences of hypertension, overweight/obesity and poor glycaemic control were high. The percentages of subjects achieving recommended clinical targets were low. Microalbuminuria was significantly associated with duration of diabetes, hypertension and glycaemic control. Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with duration of diabetes whereas abnormal foot sensation was significantly associated with duration of diabetes and glycaemic control.Conclusions
This study found a high prevalence of diabetes complications and associated risk factors, which indicate the need to improve diabetes care and strengthen preventive efforts to reduce complications. 相似文献9.
Anxin Wang Zhaoxia Li Yong Zhou Chunxue Wang Yanxia Luo Xiaoxue Liu Xiuhua Guo Shouling Wu Xingquan Zhao 《International journal of cardiology》2014
Background
While some case–control studies have showed the correlation between the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype (increased WC and hypertriglyceridemia) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, there are few data regarding this correlation in cohort studies, especially in Asian populations that have a higher prevalence of central obesity than other populations.Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between HTGW phenotype and risk of incident CVD events among men and women in China.Methods
We analyzed 95,015 participants (18–98 years old) in the Kailuan Study. CVDs developed in 1958 people during follow-up. The cutoffs for defining HTGW phenotype were a waist circumference (WC) of 90 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 2.0 mmol/L or more for men and a WC of 85 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 1.5 mmol/L or more for women. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from Cox regression models.Results
Compared with participants who had a normal WC and a normal triglyceride level (NWNT), those with HTGW phenotype had a higher WC, body mass index, prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus; and a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The HTGW group had an unadjusted HR of 1.76 (95% CI = 1.55–1.99) for future CVDs compared with the NWNT group. After adjustment for confounders, the HR still remained significant (HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.07–1.44).Conclusions
HTGW phenotype was associated with the risk of CVDs independently. HTGW phenotype might be a simple but useful tool to screen the individuals at a high risk for future CVDs, and it might be recommended in most clinical practices. 相似文献10.
Carlos K.H. Wong Colman S.C. Fung S.C. Siu Yvonne Y.C. Lo K.W. Wong Daniel Y.T. Fong Cindy L.K. Lam 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2013