广西重阳老年公寓老年人脑卒中后抑郁状况及影响因素分析

目的 调查居住在广西重阳老年公寓的老年人脑卒中后抑郁症状发生率及其影响因素,为改善老人的心理卫生状况,促进老年公寓服务的改进与完善提供科学依据.方法 对居住在广西重阳老年公寓的老年脑卒中患者进行整群随机抽样.以日常生活能力量表(ADL)、老年抑郁量表(GDS)为筛查工具,确诊入选病例.调查抽样人群的卒中后抑郁的发生率,同时对基本信息和老年人常见疾病情况进行调查.结果 本组脑卒中后抑郁发生率为85.4%(76/89),多因素Logistic逐步回归筛选出影响脑卒中后抑郁症状加重的因素是日常生活能力下降、老年公寓居住的满意度.结论 广西重阳老年公寓的老年人脑卒中后抑郁症状发生率较高,应重视和加强对居住在老年公寓脑卒中患者的预防和康复干预.     

长沙市社区老年人抑郁症状影响因素分析

目的 了解长沙市社区老年人抑郁症状的发生率及其影响因素.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,应用老年抑郁量表(GDS)及自编一般情况问卷对长沙市6个社区460名≥60岁的老年人进行问卷调查.结果 老年人抑郁症状的发生率为33.5%,不同性别、文化、婚姻状况、职业、经济收入、健康自评及居住状况之间老年人抑郁症状的发生率有统计学意义(P<0.05),健康自评、文化程度、经济收入是老年抑郁症状发生的危险因素.结论 长沙市社区老年贫困弱势群体是发生老年抑郁症状的高危人群,应作为重点干预对象.     

四川地区家庭养老模式下老年人抑郁状况

目的了解四川地区家庭养老模式下的老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法以四川省224名家庭养老的老人为研究对象,采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)对其抑郁症状进行评定分析。结果四川省家庭养老老年人抑郁的检出率为51.8%。性别、常住地、文化程度、医疗保障和经济收入等都对老年人的抑郁症状有显著影响。不同家庭居住方式对农村的老年人的抑郁状况有显著影响。结论四川省家庭养老的老年人的抑郁检出率较高。女性、农村的、文化程度低的、没有完善医疗保障和经济收入较差的老年人更容易出现抑郁症状。对农村空巢老人的心理防护应是今后老年心理工作的重点。     

抑郁焦虑与老年人睡眠质量的关联分析

目的分析抑郁、焦虑情绪对社区老年人睡眠质量的影响, 为预防老年睡眠障碍提供依据。方法采用整群抽样。自行设计调查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、抑郁症状筛查量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)对955名60岁及以上社区老年人进行调查。了解社区老年人睡眠质量现况以及评估抑郁焦虑对睡眠质量的影响。结果被调查者睡眠障碍、抑郁、焦虑检出率分别为234(24.5%)、182(19.1%)、137(14.3%)。抑郁、焦虑评分与老年人睡眠质量各维度得分及总分呈正相关(rs:0.115～0.558, 均P<0.01)。调整性别、年龄、睡前进食、睡前饮茶等混杂因素发现:抑郁、焦虑是老年睡眠障碍的危险因素, 抑郁老年人患睡眠障碍的风险是非抑郁老年人的3.555倍(95%CI:2.235～5.653, P<0.05);焦虑老年人患睡眠障碍的风险是非焦虑老年人的1.812倍(95%CI:1.070～3.070, P<0.05)。抑郁、焦虑对老年睡眠障碍的多因素调整人群归因危险度分别为32.56%、16.09%, 抑郁与焦虑的综合作用为38.87%。结论抑郁、焦虑是老年睡眠...     

四川省城市老年人抑郁现状

目的研究四川省城市老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法使用简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)和自编基本情况调查量表对四川省城市老年人进行问卷调查(方便抽样)。结果四川城市老年人有抑郁症状的为10.1%。城市老年人抑郁症状与婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭经济状况、身体锻炼状况、家庭成员间感情、有无子女、在家居住与在养老院居住、有无慢性病和是否有突发事件上差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01,P0.001)。结论四川省城市老年人抑郁状况较为严重,希望各界人士关注与研究,降低老年人的抑郁发生。     

老年糖尿病患者配偶的抑郁状况调查

目的 了解老年糖尿病患者配偶的抑郁状况及影响因素.方法 采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和家庭功能问卷(APGAR)对78例老年糖尿病患者及其配偶进行调查.结果 老年糖尿病患者配偶抑郁发生率为 35.90%,配偶的性别、负性生活事件、家庭支持、患者有无抑郁症状是影响其抑郁症状发生的主要因素.结论 老年糖尿病患者配偶具有不同程度的抑郁情绪,与多种社会心理因素有关.     

江西省农村老年人抑郁症状及影响因素

目的探讨江西省农村老年人抑郁症的流行病学特点并分析其影响因素。方法采用老年抑郁量表对461名江西省农村老年人进行调查。结果江西省农村老年人抑郁症发生率为63.50%;患有身体疾病的老年人其抑郁症状增加的危险性较高(OR=2.888);与男性相比,老年女性抑郁程度增加的危险较高(OR=1.787);与小学组和初中以上组相比,文盲老人抑郁程度增加的危险较高(OR=0.499)。结论江西省农村老年抑郁症发生率较高,躯体患病者、女性和文盲老人是抑郁的高发人群,应特别关注。     

吉安市老年人抑郁状况及其影响因素

目的探讨吉安市老年人抑郁特点及影响抑郁的重要因素。方法采用老年抑郁量表和社会支持评定量表调查了240名老年人。结果 (1)吉安市老年人抑郁发生率为34.6%,其中中重度抑郁占5.0%;农村老人抑郁发生率显著高于城市;常有小病、敬老院养老方式是吉安市老年抑郁症的危险因素(P<0.05);社会支持对老年人抑郁具有负向预测作用,可以预测老年人抑郁14.4%的变异量。结论重点关注农村、患病、生活不能自理、丧偶、养老院和低收入老人等抑郁症的高发人群,构建老人良好的社会支持系统,可以降低老人抑郁的发生率。     

江西省吉安市社区老年居民焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素

目的探讨江西省吉安市社区老年居民焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素。方法江西省吉安市社区老年人2 258例,应用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评价老年人群的焦虑与抑郁现况,同时观察该地区老年人群焦虑抑郁的影响因素。结果 SDS评分50分2 077例(92.0)%,>50分181例(8.0%)。SAS评分<50分2 099例(93.0)%。SAS评分>50分159例(7.0%)。不同的婚姻状况、性别、文化程度、性格、职业、情绪调节能力、社会支持、与家人情况、医保情况、锻炼情况、休闲活动、月收入以及住房情况会影响江西省吉安市社区老年人群的SDS、SAS评分。性别、家庭类型、住房情况、职业、月收入、社会支持、情绪调节、与家人关系、休闲活动是影响江西省吉安市社区老年人群SDS评分的重要因素。性别、医保情况、情绪调节能力、社会支持、锻炼情况、与家人关系以及家庭类型是影响江西省吉安市社区老年人群SAS评分的重要因素。结论绝大部分的江西省吉安市社区老年人群存在焦虑抑郁的不良心理情绪,并受到性格、社会支持、职业、家庭类型等诸多因素的影响,我们可以从影响老年人群焦虑与抑郁情绪的因素出发,根据江西省吉安市社区的实际情况,进一步健全社区医疗保障体系、完善社会支持系统,从而改善本地区老年人群的焦虑抑郁状况。     

深圳市老年外来人口心理健康和抑郁状况影响因素

目的探讨深圳市老年外来人口的心理健康和抑郁状况及其相关影响因素。方法利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对分层随机抽取的深圳市老年外来人口1 260人进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归了解抑郁症状的相关因素。结果以总分≥160分,或阳性项目数≥43,或躯体化等任一因子≥2分为阳性筛选条件,深圳市老年外来人口心理异常总阳性率为58.9%,抑郁症状阳性率为21.8%。躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性9项因子分均≥2分占8.9%。因子分≥3分检出率排名前3位的是抑郁、焦虑和人际关系敏感。年龄越大、非在婚、有慢性疾病、睡眠状况不佳、自觉精神压力大者SDS得分越高,是老年人抑郁的主要影响因素。结论深圳市老年外来人口心理健康状况值得关注,抑郁、焦虑症状较普遍,需对老年不在婚女性和存在身体健康问题的老年人作为重点人群进行干预。     

Social dimensions of mental illness among rural elderly populations

Despite growing concern with rural elderly populations, little attention has focused on their mental health, ways it may correlate with physical health, or how rural mental health patterns compare to urban. Popular wisdom contends that elderly people in general, and rural elderly persons in particular, are at increased risk for mental illness. This article examines these questions. A review of available literature suggests that elderly people may be at only slightly greater risk of mental illness than the population at large, though there are some indications that rates of depression may be somewhat higher among the elderly population. Much of this same literature implies that objective environmental conditions play a significant role in the incidence of depression. Analysis of data gathered in a statewide random poll (N = 743) indicates that while physical health tends to be poorer among rural populations, when health is held constant there is actually an inverse relationship between age and depression. Therefore, rural elderly persons are no more likely to be depressed than their urban counterparts despite harsher living conditions. Both conceptual and policy implications are discussed.     

Prevalence and predictors of depression in elderly Canadians: The Canadian Study of Health and Aging

Depression in elderly Canadians is an important but often unrecognized public health problem. Numerous studies have examined depression in the general community, but studies of depression in the elderly have generally been small and limited. The Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) includes a large and national representation of both the cognitively intact and the cognitively impaired elderly. The current analyses of 2,341 participants from the CSHA who completed a clinical rating scale for depression have two objectives: 1) to determine the prevalence of minor and major depression and 2) to examine the importance of several risk factors. The prevalences of major and minor depression were 2.6 percent and 4.0 percent, respectively, and were higher for females, specifically those in institutions, those who reported that their health problems limited activities, and those with chronic health conditions. Women were more likely to exhibit depression (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.4-8.8) than men, and those with dementia more likely to exhibit depression than those without (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 0.9-3.1). Depression is a significant mental health problem among elderly Canadians, particularly among women and those with physical limitations. More attention should be paid to the detection and treatment of depression in the elderly, particularly among those most at risk.     

Prevalence of and factors contributing to anxiety,depression and cognitive disorders among urban elderly in Odisha – A study through the health systems’ Lens

IntroductionGrowing geriatric mental health needs of urban population in India pose several programmatic challenges. This study aimed to assess anxiety, depression and cognitive disorders among urban elderly, and explore availability of social support mechanisms and of a responsive health system to implement the national mental health programme.Methods244 respondents were randomly selected from Berhampur city. We administered a semi-structured interview schedule to assess substance abuse, chronic morbidity, anxiety, depression and cognitive abilities. Further, in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 key informants including district officials, psychiatrists, and programme managers. We used R software and ‘thematic framework’ approach, respectively, for quantitative and qualitative data analysis. Ethical standards were complied with.ResultsAbout half of the respondents were economically dependent; 57.3% had moderate to severe anxiety; 46.7% had moderate to severe depression; while about 25% had severe cognitive impairments. We found association of chewing tobacco (1.34(0.28–2.40)) and depression (0.52(0.37–0.68)) with anxiety; negative perception about elderly-friendly society (1.64(0.75–2.53)) and physical inactivity (2.88(1.60–4.16)) with depression; and age (-0.11(-0.20 – -0.02)) and physical inactivity (-3.44(-5.13 – -1.74)) with cognitive disorders. Qualitative analysis revealed lack of awareness, social stigma, poor availability of trained human resources, and poor political commitment as important systemic barriers to early detection and treatment of mental ailments among the elderly.ConclusionEstablishing tobacco cessation centres, sensitizing community about mental health needs of elderly, incentivizing physical activity of elderly, integrating mental health with primary care, multi-skilling providers and developing a cadre of community counsellors need urgent attention of policy makers and programme implementers.     

Prevalence of geriatric depression in a community sample in Ghana: Analysis of associated risk and protective factors

BackgroundAgeing comes with its own associated physical and psychosocial challenges. Depression is reported as one of the most prevalent psychopathology found among elderly people. However, there is dearth of literature in Ghana regarding mental health and its associated risk and protective factors among Ghanaians who are aged 65years and above. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with depression among the aged in Ghana.MethodsA cross-sectional survey design was employed and a total of 262 elderly people (65+years) were sampled. The Geriatric Depression Scale, Brief COPE and demographic questionnaires were administered to the participants.ResultsThere was 37.8% prevalence of depression among the participants. Socio-demographic characteristics such as religion, living status and presence of chronic illness independently predicted depression among the participants. The use of religion, acceptance and active coping were the most commonly reported coping strategies among the participants while denial, behavioural disengagement and substance use were the least used coping strategies among the participants. The use of active coping predicted decreased depression levels whereas the use of behavioural disengagement and self-blame significantly predicted increased depression levels among the participants.ConclusionsDepression is a major challenge among the aged in this study and therefore, mental health screening should form part of the routine health screening practices for the elderly. The findings call for interventions aimed at promoting healthy ageing among the elderly in Ghana.     

北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关因素

目的 研究北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其主要相关因素.方法 以"老年心理健康量表(城市版)"为研究工具,对304名北京市高校离退休老人进行调查.结果 北京市高校离退休老人整体心理健康水平显著高于全国水平,尤其在高龄阶段,这种趋势更加明显;心理健康总体状况在年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻和家庭结构上的差异均不显著;相对空巢组的适应能力好于非空巢组;子女关系、健康、身体锻炼以及经济收入状况对高校离退休老人的心理健康具有显著的正向预测作用.结论 高文化程度对于高校离退休老人的心理健康有一定的保护作用;相对空巢的家庭结构可能更加适合该群体;良好的子女关系、健康、身体锻炼以及经济收入状况是促进高校离退休老人心理健康的重要因素.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下中老年人的心理健康状况

目的研究中老年人在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情下心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用在线问卷方法调查全国范围内50~65岁的中老年人心理健康状态,问卷内容包括心理健康自评问卷(SRQ-20)、健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)和失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI),分别用以评估应激反应、抑郁情绪、焦虑情绪、睡眠障碍状态。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。多重线性回归分析相关因素对疫情下中老年人心理健康状态的影响。结果有效回收问卷1501份(nSRQ-20=1377,nPHQ-9=1241,nGAD-7=1204,nISI=1209),经分析发现24.5%出现了心理应激,18.5%表现出中重度抑郁状态,10.7%表现出中重度焦虑状态,10.8%表现出中重度失眠。多重线性回归分析显示,身体健康状况、对疫情的担忧、教育程度和年龄对疫情下中老年人心理健康状态的影响较大,4个因素在PHQ-9、GAD-7、SRQ-20及ISI模型中的决定系数R2分别为0.190、0.176、0.232和0.137,其中以身体健康状况最为显著,标准化β值依次为0.374、0.368、0.406、0.322(均P<0.01)。进一步分析不同健康状况(良好、一般及欠佳3组)间心理状态的差异,发现3组在应激反应、抑郁、焦虑、睡眠4个维度上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论中老年人在此次COVID-19疫情下较平时更易出现心理健康问题,身体健康情况差者心理健康问题更明显。     

Social ties and perceived support: two dimensions of social relationships and health among the elderly in Taiwan

Objectives: Assess the effects of social relationships on physical and mental health among the elderly in Taiwan. Methods: Using 4 waves of a survey of the elderly, we examine the relationship between social ties and perceived support and four health outcomes--mortality, functional status, self-assessed health, and depression. Results: Perceived support and social ties are related to health, but many of the apparent effects are attenuated in the presence of controls for prior health. However, positive perceptions about support are protective of mental (but not physical) health. Discussion: If baseline health is ignored, estimates of the effects of social relationships on health at a given stage of life are likely to be inflated by reverse causality or by effects occurring prior to baseline. Inclusion of controls for initial health reveals that, in general, the relationship between social support and health at the older ages in Taiwan is relatively modest.     

Physical activity, quality of life and symptoms of depression in community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults

This study was aimed to investigate in a sample of Spanish elderly whether measures of physical activity are related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptoms of depression in community dwelling and institutionalized elderly. The sample was a cohort of 436 elderly (234 women and 202 men, aged 60-98 years) from the North of Spain. 58% were community-dwellers and 42% were institutionalized in senior residences. Participants completed measures of physical activity (Yale Physical Activity Survey, YPAS), HRQoL (Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey, SF-36) and symptoms of depression (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS). All SF-36 domains, except role-emotional, were significantly correlated with the YPAS activity dimension summary index. Physical function, role-physical, general health and vitality correlated with total time activity, and correlations were observed between weekly energy expenditure and physical function, role physical, vitality and mental health. Depressive symptom scores correlated significantly with the YPAS activity dimension summary index and the weekly energy expenditure. Scores for various domains of the SF-36 and for depressive symptoms significantly differed among less and more active individuals of the same sex and institutionalization category. Differences generally reached a higher extent in institutionalized subjects in comparison to community dwellers. In conclusion, physical activity was related to different domains of both the physical and mental components of HRQoL and to decreased depressive symptoms. Results emphasize the positive effects of physical activity in both community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults.     

Mental health literacy in Hmong and Cambodian elderly refugees: a barrier to understanding, recognizing, and responding to depression

This study aims to explore mental health literacy, specifically focusing on depression, among Southeast Asian (SEA) elderly refugees residing in the Twin Cities of St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota. Three focus groups were held with nine mental health professionals who work with SEA elders. Jorm's mental health literacy framework guided the study theoretically. For data analysis, grounded theory was employed by utilizing MAX QDA2. Four themes emerged from the analysis: 1) lack of knowledge about specific mental disorders, 2) culture-specific knowledge and beliefs on the causes of depression, 3) lack of awareness about professional help, and 4) cultural attitudes toward seeking mental health services. The findings indicated that cultural beliefs of SEA elders impact their ability to understand, recognize, and respond to depression. Barriers to treatment were identified and recommendations were made to reduce mental health disparity in this elderly population.     

Association of comorbidity with depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older persons

BACKGROUND: Depression in later life poses a serious threat to mental health and well-being of older persons burdened with medical illnesses. Comorbid medical conditions independently, as well as through interactions, may influence the degree of depressive symptoms manifested by the elderly. Insight into the role medical comorbidity plays in the manifestation of depression may help to better address both physical and mental health care needs of the depressed elderly. OBJECTIVE: To examine independent and synergistic effects of comorbid medical conditions in the presentation of depressive symptoms among older adults living in the community. METHODS: Data from a national survey of community-dwelling older persons aged 60 years and over (n = 2,058) in Korea were used. The levels of depression were assessed using an eleven-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Comorbidity was defined as the number of chronic medical conditions and the combination of disease pairs. Sociodemographic characteristics, self-rated health, physical functioning, history of hospital admission in the past year, frequency of contact with friends or neighbors, and emotional support were used as covariates. RESULTS: Overall, persons with a medical condition compared to those without tended to show a higher depressive symptom score. Comorbidity, in terms of the number of medical conditions, tended to show a significant linear association with depression, controlling for confounders. More important, independent effects of medical conditions as well as a tendency to synergy among specific medical conditions were found, with notable gender differences. CONCLUSION: Given the significant but complex association of comorbid medical conditions with depressive symptoms in aged persons, clinicians should exercise care to address their physical and mental health needs within a common therapeutic context.