丙谷胺对人结肠癌裸鼠移植瘤的作用

我们利用人结肠癌ＳＷ４８０裸鼠移植瘤模型,研究促胃液素及丙谷胺对人结肠癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响,旨在为结肠癌的内分泌治疗提供实验依据．１　材料和方法１．１　材料　人结肠癌细胞株ＳＷ４８０（美国纪念斯隆—凯特林癌症中心制备,重庆医科大学病理生理教研室提供）,经用ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃｎｕ／ｎｕ裸鼠（第三军医大学实验动物中心提供）稳定传代后,移植瘤剪成１ｍｍ３瘤块,经套管针接种２０只裸鼠．裸鼠体质量１８ｇ～２２ｇ,鼠龄４ｗｋ～６ｗｋ,雌雄兼用．１．２　方法　将２０只裸鼠随机分为４组．对照组：生理盐水０－４ｍＬ…     

Hp相关疾病动物模型：仍是Hp研究中难点

１原文要点作者选用沙土鼠，禁食２４ｈ后接种标准菌株ＡＴＣＣ４３５０４用２８０ｇ／Ｌ布氏肉汤制备成２×１０１１ＣＦＵ菌液０５ｍＬ，以建立Ｈｐ感染动物模型．实验为４组：Ｈ组：只接种Ｈｐ；ＥＨ组：接种Ｈｐ前３０ｍｉｎ先用４００ｍＬ／Ｌ乙醇０５ｍＬ；Ｅ组...     

重组反义c-myc 腺病毒对人胃癌细胞的体内及体外分子治疗

目的研究重组反义ｃｍｙｃ腺病毒对胃癌细胞的体内外生物学作用．方法采用ＬａｃＺ基因Ｘｇａｌ染色、ＭＴＴ,ＤＮＡ梯度降解试验、原位末端标记、流式细胞仪、ＰＣＲ分析、裸鼠致瘤性、裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型实验等方法,对反义ｃｍｙｃ重组腺病毒在人胃癌ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞系中的作用进行体内外研究．结果ＡｄＡＳｃｍｙｃ对ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞能产生明显的生长抑制作用,ＭＴＴ显示生长抑制率为４４１％．ＤＮＡ梯度降解试验、原位末端标记、流式细胞仪显示ＡｄＡＳｃｍｙｃ诱导了ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞凋亡．经ＡｄＡＳｃｍｙｃ处理的ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞裸鼠致瘤性消失．ＡｄＡＳｃｍｙｃ对裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型瘤内注射能有效降低肿瘤的生长速度,生长抑制率为６８９％．结论ＡｄＡＳｃｍｙｃ对胃癌细胞具有显著的体内外生长抑制及凋亡诱导作用     

食管贲门癌冷冻对免疫功能的调节

目的研究食管贲门癌患者食管腔内冷冻对免疫功能的调节作用．方法食管癌１５例，贲门癌５例；男１１例，女９例．先行食管腔内冷冻，再行开胸手术切除。用光镜及电镜系统观察癌细胞变化及局部淋巴反应，以及血中免疫球蛋白、补体Ｃ３及淋巴细胞转化试验ＬＴＴ．结果食管贲门癌原发灶周围淋巴结呈广泛性肿大，癌细胞坏死，可见异物巨细胞吞噬癌细胞，淋巴结呈滤泡增生反应．冷冻前后免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ无明显差异；ＬＴＴ由冷冻前的３８０％增加到４４８％，ＩｇＡ由冷冻前的２１６ｇ／Ｌ增加到２３２ｇ／Ｌ，Ｃ３也由冷冻前１３ｇ／Ｌ增加到２０ｇ／Ｌ．结论食管贲门癌腔内冷冻能调节机体的免疫功能和杀伤癌细胞．     

瘤苗主动免疫疗法的实验研究

采用Ｃ５７ＢＬ小鼠和Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺低分化癌细胞株进行瘤苗主动免疫疗法的实验研究。结果表明：（１）单纯瘤苗注射组１０只动物的瘤苗注射区及各脏器均未见肿瘤生长。各脏器也未见明显病理改变；（２）瘤苗注射治疗Ｄ组植入１×１０５癌细胞，植入区与各脏器均未见癌生长。而治疗Ｃ组植入２×１０７癌细胞，植入区均有瘤结生长，但瘤结体只明显小于对照组（０．０４１ｃｍ３：０．４３１ｃｍ３），肺只有１只动物有一个转移瘤结（对照组９只肺有１～２个转移瘤结）；（３）从Ａ组瘤苗注射区及其他组瘤结印片观察显示有巨噬细胞吞噬活跃，癌细胞周围有许多巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞侵蚀癌细胞现象。表明瘤苗的抑瘤作用可能主要通过细胞免疫来完成。     

促胃液素及其受体拮抗剂丙谷胺对人胃癌细胞系生长的影响

目的观察和分析五肽促胃液素ＰＧ及其受体拮抗剂丙谷胺ＰＧＭ对人胃癌细胞系ＭＧＣ生长的影响,为临床应用促胃液素受体拮抗剂协助治疗胃癌提供依据．方法选用５ｍｇ／Ｌ,１０ｍｇ／Ｌ,１５ｍｇ／Ｌ,２０ｍｇ／Ｌ４种浓度的ＰＧ和３０ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＰＧＭ分别作用于体外培养的浓度为２５×１０８／Ｌ的ＭＧＣ,分别培养２４,４８,７２ｈ,于酶标仪上选用波长５４０ｎｍ测定吸光值Ａ,并对数据进行比较分析．结果４种浓度的ＰＧ作用于ＭＧＣ,ＭＧＣ连续３ｄ的生长状态与对照组无明显差异,而ＭＧＣ在ＰＧＭ作用下,其连续３ｄ的平均Ａ值分别为００２９,００４６和００８４,而未被ＰＧＭ作用的ＭＧＣ的平均Ａ值分别是０１０１,０１１５和０１８２,ＭＧＣ在ＰＧＭ作用下生长明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜００５）．结论外源性的ＰＧ对ＭＧＣ无营养促进作用,而ＰＧＭ能抑制ＭＧＣ的生长     

安替可胶囊抗肿瘤作用及对晚期消化道肿瘤的近期疗效

目的观察安替可胶囊（ａｎｔｉｋｅ）对荷人癌裸鼠的抑瘤作用及其治疗晚期消化道肿瘤的疗效．方法采用ＭＴＴ和人癌细胞克隆形成以及裸鼠荷瘤技术;临床上晚期消化系癌５３２例,其中Ⅱ期１１１例,占２０９％;Ⅲ期２２２例,占４１７％;Ⅳ期１９９例,占３７４％;均经病理证实,全部病例采用数表法随机分组．结果人癌细胞对ａｎｔｉｋｅ的敏感性顺序依次是：Ｍｇｃ８０３≥Ｅｃａ１０９＞ＳＭＭＣ７７２１;Ａｎｔｉｋｅ５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ对Ｍｇｃ８０３,Ｅｃａ１０９和ＳＭＭＣ７７２１人癌细胞裸鼠的瘤重抑制率分别为４７２％,４７２％和４５４％;Ａｎｔｉｋｅ治疗晚期食管癌、肝癌和肠癌２５８例,总缓解率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ）为７４％,并能显著止痛,改善生存质量和提高免疫功能;放疗＋ａｎｔｉｋｅ治疗晚期食管癌１００例,总缓解率为７２０％,比单纯放疗组（３４４％）提高了３７６％（Ｐ＜００１）,同时,能显著改善吞咽困难,明显增加体重,保护血象和降低ＣＥＡ．结论Ｍｇｃ８０３,Ｅｃａ１０９和ＳＭＭＣ７７２１对ａｎｔｉｋｅ较敏感,并且ａｎｔｉｋｅ对其裸鼠移植瘤具有明显抑制作用;Ａｎｔｉｋｅ对食管癌、胃癌、肝癌有较好疗效,同时具有显著放疗增敏作用     

人胃癌裸鼠原位移植模型的生物学行为研究

目的建立人胃癌裸鼠胃壁原位移植瘤模型，并与相应的皮下移植瘤作比较，以探讨宿主器官微环境对胃癌细胞浸润及转移等生物学行为的影响．方法将人胃癌细胞系ＭＧｃ８０３及其克隆株Ｃ１１癌细胞分别接种于裸鼠胃壁及背部皮下，比较原位和皮下移植瘤的成瘤率、生长率、生长方式及浸润、转移等生物学行为，以及体外回复培养后瘤细胞的增殖能力．结果胃壁原位及皮下移植瘤体内成瘤率、生长率及形态学上均无明显不同；其体外增殖能力也无显著性差异．但皮下移植瘤多呈局限性生长，无肝、脾、肾转移，其转移仅限于肺及个别局部淋巴结．胃壁原位移植瘤则浸润破坏胃壁各层组织结构，并直接蔓延到邻近各器官组织．其转移既有经血道至肝、肺、脾、肾等部位，也有经淋巴道至多数局部及远处淋巴结，其淋巴结的转移率较皮下移植瘤有显著增高（Ｐ＜００５）；且多伴有腹、盆腔内广泛种植性转移．结论裸鼠胃壁微环境较皮下组织更适合于人胃癌ＭＧｃ８０３及Ｃ１１移植瘤的浸润及转移的表达，该原位移植瘤模型的恶性生物学行为更接近临床胃癌患者的体内侵袭及转移的实际．     

一氧化氮和自由基对大鼠急性肝损伤的作用

目的用硫代乙酰胺（ＴＡＡ）诱发大鼠急性肝损伤,观察肝损伤过程中一氧化氮与自由基的变化．方法实验Ⅰ：大鼠２４只分为４组,一组为正常组,其余３组为损伤组．ＴＡＡ６００ｍｇ／ｋｇｓｃ２４,４８,７２ｈ测定内毒素及ＮＯ３－／ＮＯ２－,ＡＬＴ,ＡＳＴ含量．取肝组织匀浆,测定蛋白含量．脂质过氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨＰＸ）活性,并观察肝组织学变化．实验Ⅱ：大鼠３２只分为４组,Ａ组为正常组,Ｂ,Ｃ,Ｄ组ＴＡＡ６００ｍｇ／ｋｇｓｃ;同时给予Ｂ组生理盐水０４ｍＬ／ｋｇ,Ｃ组７５％ＬＡｒｇ３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ,Ｄ组２５％ＬＮＮＡ１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ．２４ｈ后重复注射１次．２４ｈ后按实验Ⅰ取血、肝组织,测定有关指标．结果大鼠注射ＬＡｒｇ后,ＮＯ的合成增多,转氨酶及肝组织损伤程度明显降低,注射ＬＮＮＡ组大鼠肝损伤程度加重,肝组织自由基的测定表明,抑制肝损伤大鼠ＮＯ合成,肝组织ＬＰＯ含量增高而ＳＯＤ,ＧＳＰＨＸ活性降低,ＳＯＤ,ＧＳＨＰＸ协同作用可清除体内自由基．结论抑制ＮＯ的生物合成,自由基水平增高,从而加重了肝损伤     

丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原转位表达抑制肝(癌)细胞

目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原的转位表达与肝（癌）细胞凋亡的关系及其意义．方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测ＨＣＶ核心区抗原Ｃ２２在肝硬变（ＬＣ）、肝细胞肝癌（ＨＣＣ）组织中的分布;同时对连续切片进行原位凋亡检测并计算凋亡指数．结果ＨＣＶ核心区抗原定位于肝细胞或肝癌细胞的胞质或胞核中,在ＬＣ组织中,Ｃ２２呈弥漫或灶状分布于肝细胞胞质,偶见胞核阳性的肝细胞,阳性率为６０７％;Ｃ２２抗原在ＨＣＣ细胞中以核阳性分布为主,阳性率为３７６％,癌旁肝组织以胞质阳性为多见．ＨＣＣ中ＨＣＶ核心抗原的核阳性率（７５０％,１５例／２０例）和阳性细胞数明显高于其在ＬＣ（１７７％,６例／３４例）及癌旁肝组织（１１８％,２例／１７例）中的阳性率（Ｐ＜００５）和阳性细胞数．在ＨＣＣ中,ＨＣＶ核心抗原核转位表达的癌组织的ＡＰＯＰＬＩ凋亡指数值（０１７４±００９３）显著低于胞质阳性的癌组织（０５１２±０１１３,Ｐ＜００１）．结论ＨＣＶ感染与我国ＬＣ,ＨＣＣ的发生关系密切,ＨＣＶ核心抗原在肝癌组织中常发生核转位表达,这种核转位表达使肿瘤细胞凋亡受到抑制,从而促进肿瘤组织的恶性生长．     

rmhTNF对人胃癌细胞株裸鼠移植瘤模型的治疗作用

背景:重组改构人肿瘤坏死因子(rmhTNF)是原型TNF-α的改构体,前期实验显示其对体外培养的人胃癌细胞株具有抑制增殖和诱导凋亡作用。目的:初步研究rmhTNF对人胃癌细胞株裸鼠移植瘤模型的治疗作用。方法:雄性BALB/c裸鼠皮下接种人胃癌细胞株BGC-823构建移植瘤模型,随机予rmhTNF、TNF-α,5-氟尿嘧啶(阳性对照)和0.9%NaCl溶液(阴性对照)进行干预,观察各组裸鼠一般情况、移植瘤生长情况及其组织病理学改变。结果:建模裸鼠成瘤率为100%。各药物干预组移植瘤生长均明显减慢,其中rmhTNF组生长抑制最为明显,生长曲线较阴性对照组明显下移,抑瘤率显著高于TNF-α组和阳性对照组(83.1%对59.8%和50.1%,P0.01),一般情况与接种前相比无明显改变,移植瘤组织中可见较多凋亡和坏死细胞。结论:BGC-823细胞在BALB/c裸鼠皮下有良好的成瘤性。rmhTNF在体内能直接诱导胃癌细胞凋亡和坏死,对人胃癌细胞株裸鼠移植瘤模型具有治疗作用。     

藤梨根提取物对HT-29荷瘤裸鼠的抑制及诱导凋亡作用的影响

目的:研究藤梨根提取物(ethanol extract from radix of Actinidia chinensis,EERAC)对人大肠癌HT-29荷瘤裸鼠移植瘤的抑制和诱导凋亡作用.方法:提取EERAC,以大肠癌HT-29细胞对40只Balb/c-nu/nu裸鼠进行荷瘤造模,并随机将分为3个EERAC处理组(低剂量组5mg/kg、中剂量组10mg/kg、高剂量组20mg/kg),空白对照组(生理盐水)和阳性对照组(5-Fu,25mg/kg),每组8只,连续用药8d后,测定各实验组的肿瘤抑制率、脾脏指数.通过脾脏效应细胞培养,测定NK细胞的活性度.免疫组织化学法测定各组荷瘤裸鼠体内凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3的蛋白表达水平.结果:与空白对照组相比,EERAC对HT-29移植瘤均有明显的抑制作用,各剂量组的抑瘤率为9.12%、20.13%、37.81%,与药物剂量呈正比;EERAC各剂量组对荷瘤裸鼠脾脏指数较生理盐水组和5-Fu组有显著增加(P<0.05);不同剂量的EERAC均可使NK细胞活性度增加(P<0.05);EERAC作用后,HT-29荷瘤裸鼠体内的Bcl-2表达减弱,Bax、Caspase-3表达水平增高,Bcl-2/Bax比值下降,其作用也呈剂量相关性.结论:EERAC对大肠癌细胞HT-29荷瘤裸鼠具有抑制瘤体生长和诱导癌细胞凋亡的作用,其作用机制可能为抑制荷瘤裸鼠体内Bcl-2的表达,提高Bax、Caspase-3表达水平,下调Bcl-2/Bax.EERAC对荷瘤裸鼠免疫系统无不良影响,且能一定程度上提高机体的免疫功能.     

经沉默免疫负调控基因技术处理的树突状细胞联同细胞毒性T淋巴细胞对HepG2细胞移植瘤的抑制作用

目的观察经沉默免疫负调控基因(iAPA)技术处理的树突状细胞(DC)联同细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)(iAPA-DC/CTL)对HepG2细胞移植瘤的抑制作用。方法利用人肝癌细胞系HepG2建立裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,将12只裸鼠随机分为2组:生理盐水对照组(C组)和iAPA-DC/CTL组(DC组),每组6只,行iAPA-DC/CTL治疗4次(1周/次)后处死。实验期间观察各组裸鼠的肿瘤生长,测量肿瘤长短径并描绘肿瘤生长曲线,称量瘤重并计算抑瘤率,病理检测。两组间均数比较采用成组t检验。结果造模成功率为92.31%。C组和DC组肿瘤体积分别为:(697.69±143.99)、(485.64±188.75)mm3,DC组生长相对缓慢(t=2.28,P0.05);C组和DC组肿瘤重量分别为:(0.32±0.07)、(0.22±0.08)g,DC组肿瘤重量小于对照组(t=2.31,P0.05),抑瘤率为30.39%。肿瘤免疫组化染色后T淋巴细胞计数分别为:C组未见、DC组(39.74±5.11)个/高倍视野,DC组肿瘤内T细胞数多于对照组(t=19.05,P0.05)。结论 iAPA-DC/CTL能够有效抑制HepG2细胞裸鼠皮下移植瘤的生长。     

Experimental study on ultrasound-guided intratumoral injection of“Star-99”in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma of nude mice

AIM: To investigate the anti-cancer effect and the immunological mechanism of ultrasound-guided intratumoral injection of Chinese medicine "Star-99" in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of nude mice.METHODS: Twenty-eight human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 transplanted nude mice, 14 of hypodermically implanted and 14 of orthotopic liver transplanted, were randomly divided into three groups of which 14 mice with Star-99, and 7 with ethanol and saline respectively. Ten days after the transplantation the medicines were injected into the tumors of all the nude mice once every 5 days.After 4 injections the nude mice were killed. The diameters of three dimension of the tumors were measured by high frequency ultrasound before and after the treatment and the tumor growth indexes* (TGI) were calculated.Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha.The tumor tissues were sent for flow cytometry (FCM) DNA analysis. Apoptotic cells were visualized by TUNEL assay.All the experiments were carried out by double blind method. zRESULTS: The TGI of Star-99 group (0.076±0.024) was markedly lower than that of the saline group (4.654±1.283)(P＜0.01). It also seemed to be lower than that of the ethanol group (0.082±0.028), but not significantly different (P＞0.05).Serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α were markedly higher than those of ethanol group and saline groups (P＜0.05). The mean apoptotic index (AI: percentage of TUNEL signal positive cells)in Star-99 group (48.98±5.09 %) was significantly higher than that of the ethanol group (11.95±2.24 %) and the saline group (10.48±3.85 %) (P＜0.01). FCM DNA analysis showed that the appearance rate of the apoptosis peak in Srar-99group was 92.9 %, markedly higher than that of the ethanol group (14.3 %) and the saline group (0.0 %) (P＜0.01).Correlation (r=0.499, P＜0.05) was found between AI and serum level of TNF-α.CONCLUSION: Star-99 has an effect on the elevation of the serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α. ft indicates that Star99 has the function of enhancing the cellular immunity and inducing cancer cell apoptosis. The correlation between AI and serum level of TNF-α indicates that the elevation of the serum of TNF-α induced by Star-99 may be an important factor in the promotion of the hepatic cancer cell apoptosis.Star-99 has strong effects on the inhibition and destruction of cancer cells. Its curative effect is as good as ethanol. Its major mechanisms can be as follows: (1) it increases the serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α and triggers cellular immunity. (2) It can induce cancer cells apoptosis, the effective mechanism of the Star-99 is different from that of the ethanol. The mechanisms of triggering the immunologic function of the organism and inducing cell apoptosis are, of particular significance. This study will provide a new pathway of drug administration and an experimental basis for the treatment of HCC with Chinese herbal, and the study of Star-99 in the treatment of tumor is of profound significance with good prospects.     

乙型肝炎病毒X基因转染人肝细胞致裸鼠的成瘤实验

目的 拟在裸鼠体内证实HBV X基因能否转化人肝细胞形成移植瘤.方法 利用高表达HBx基因的pCMVX/QSG7701细胞株作为实验组,以表达空白质粒的pRcCMV2/QSG7701细胞株和QSG7701细胞株为对照组接种于裸鼠皮下,观察裸鼠能否成瘤.HE染色、显微镜检查研究移植瘤的组织形态学特征.成瘤率的比较采用Fisher's精确检验.结果 接种pCMVX/QSG7701细胞株的所有6只裸鼠在第2周开始均出现移植瘤生长,周围器官和组织未发现转移灶.对照组至接种后第35天无移植瘤生长(X2-16.505,P＜0.01).HE染色证实移植瘤为肝细胞痛组织.结论 HBV X基因表达可以直接导致肝细胞癌变.     

Anticancer activity of resveratrol on implanted human primary gastric carcinoma cells in nude mice

AIM: To investigate the apoptosis of implanted primary gastric cancer cells in nude mice induced by resveratrol and the relation between this apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 and bax. METHODS: A transplanted tumor model was established by injecting human primary gastric cancer cells into subcutaneous tissue of nude mice. Resveratrol (500 mg/kg, 1 000 mg/kg and 1 500 mg/kg) was directly injected beside tumor body 6 times at an interval of 2 d. Then changes of tumor volume were measured continuously and tumor inhibition rate of each group was calculated. We observed the morphologic alterations by electron microscope, measured the apoptotic rate by TUNEL staining method, detected the expression of apoptosis-regulated genes bcl-2 and baxby immunohistoch-emical staining and PT-PCR. RESULTS: Resveratrol could significantly inhibit carcinoma growth when it was injected near the carcinoma. An inhibitory effect was observed in all therapeutic groups and the inhibition rate of resveratrol at the dose of 500 mg/kg, 1 000 mg/kg and 1 500 mg/kg was 10.58%, 29.68% and 39.14%, respectively. Resveratrol induced implanted tumor cells to undergo apoptosis with apoptotic characteristics, including morphological changes of chromatin condensation, chromatin crescent formation, nucleus fragmentation. The inhibition rate of 0.2 mL of normal saline solution, 1 500 mg/kg DMSO, 500 mg/kg resveratrol, 1 000 mg/kg resveratrol, and 1 500 mg/kg resveratrol was 13.68±0.37%, 13.8±0.43%, 48.7±1.07%, 56.44±1.39% and 67±0.96%, respectively. The positive rate of bd-2 protein of each group was 29.48±0.51%, 27.56±1.40%, 11.86±0.97%, 5.7±0.84% and 3.92±0.85%, respectively by immunohistochemical staining. The positive rate of bax protein of each group was 19.34±0.35%, 20.88±0.91%, 40.02±1.20%, 45.72±0.88% and 52.3±1.54%, respectively by immunohistochemical staining. The density of bcl-2 mRNA in 0.2 mL normal saline solution, 1 500 mg/kg DMSO, 500 mg/kg resveratrol, 1 000 mg/kg resveratrol, and 1 500 mg/kg resveratrol decreased progressively and the density of bax mRNA in 0.2 mL normal saline solution, 1 500 mg/kg DMSO, 500 mg/kg resveratrol, 1 000 mg/kg resveratrol, and 1 500 mg/kg increased progressively with elongation of time by RT-PCR. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol is able to induce apoptosis of transplanted tumor cells. This apoptosis may be mediated by down-regulating apoptosis-regulated gene bcl-2 and up-regulating the expression of apoptosis-regulated gene bax.     

In vivo and in vitro antitumor effect of a unique nutrient mixture on lung cancer cell line A-549

The high incidence of lung cancer and ineffective toxic action of current mono and doublet chemotherapy approaches result in poor patient survival. Further, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in neoplastic invasion and metastasis. Based on this, the authors investigated the effect of a dietary micronutrient mixture (NM) containing lysine, proline, arginine, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract on the tumor growth of human lung carcinoma cell A-549 xenografts in athymic nude mice. Additionally, the authors tested the in vitro antitumor effect of NM on lung carcinoma A-549 cells by measuring cell proliferation by MTT assay, MMP-2 and -9 secretion by gelatinase zymography, and cell invasion through Matrigel. Nutrient supplementation strongly suppressed the growth of tumors without adverse effects in nude mice; tumor weight was reduced by 44% (P = .0001) and tumor burden was reduced by 47% (P < .0001) with supplementation. Zymography demonstrated in vitro secretion of MMP-2 by uninduced human lung carcinoma cells and both MMP-2 and -9 by phorbol 12-mysristate 13-acetate (PMA) (200 ng/mL)-treated cells. NM inhibited the secretion of both MMPs in a dose-dependent fashion, with virtual total inhibition at 500 microg/mL concentration. The invasion of human lung carcinoma cells through Matrigel was significantly reduced at 100 microg/mL (64%) and totally inhibited at 500 microg/mL concentration of NM (P = .01). Suppression of lung tumor growth in nude mice and inhibition of MMP secretion and Matrigel invasion suggest NM may act as an anticancer agent and as such warrants further investigation.     

温郁金对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生长和环氧合酶-2表达的影响

背景：温郁金为常用传统中药材，研究发现其组分具有抗癌作用。目的：研究温郁金对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生长和环氧合酶-2（COX-2）表达的影响，探讨其抑制胃癌的作用机制。方法：将人胃癌细胞系SGC-7901种植于裸鼠皮下，建立胃癌移植瘤模型。待瘤体长至约2mm时，12只荷瘤裸鼠随机分为治疗组和对照组，分别予温郁金提取液0．3ml和等量0．9％NaCl溶液灌胃，每日2次，连续7周。每周测量一次瘤体大小，7周后处死裸鼠，测定肿瘤重量。以免疫组化Elivision^TM plus法检测肿瘤组织COX-2的表达。结果：治疗组裸鼠移植瘤体积和重量均显著低于对照组．抑瘤率为42．5％；肿瘤组织COX-2阳性染色强度和阳性细胞百分率亦显著低于对照组。结论：温郁金对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长具有明显抑制作用，抑制肿瘤组织中COX-2的表达可能是其作用机制。     

Hormonal control of human colon carcinoma cell growth in serum-free medium.

A human colon carcinoma cell line, HC84S, was established in serum-supplemented medium from a colon tumor line T84 transplanted in nude mice. These cells also grew in a serum-free, synthetic medium supplement with insulin, glucagon, epidermal growth factor, transferrin, hydrocortisone, triiodothyronine, selenium, and ascorbic acid. HC84S cells grew 3 times faster in this medium than in serum-containing medium and formed gland-like structures closely resembling the original tumor morphologically. In serum-containing medium, the cells grew as a monolayer and did not form such structures. Primary cultures from transplantable human colon tumor lines maintained in nude mice and a primary tumor from a patient were established directly in this hormone-supplemented medium in collagen-treated plastic dishes without fibroblast overgrowth. The hormone-supplemented medium may be generally useful for the establishment of human colon carcinoma cell lines.     

二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷联合苦参碱对人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的 探讨二硫代氨基甲酸吡咯烷(PDTC)抑制核因子-κ B(NF-κ B)活化后对苦参碱抑制人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响.方法 建立人肝癌细胞HepG2裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,随机分为对照组(灭菌等渗盐水)、苦参碱组(35 mg/kg)、PDTC组(120 mg/kg)和PDTC(120 mg/kg)+苦参碱(35 mg/kg)联合组,腹腔注射用药.绘制肿瘤生长曲线,测定肿瘤生长抑制率;TdT介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡情况;电泳迁移率变动分析法检测细胞核内NF-κB的活化水平;免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤组织bcl-2和bax蛋白表达水平;RT-PCR法检测肿瘤细胞NF-κB、bcl-2和bax的mRNA表达水平.多组间比较用SNK-q检验,单独效应比较采用LSD法,相关分析采用Pearson法进行分析.结果 PDTC增强了苦参碱对肿瘤增殖的抑制作用(P＜0.05);苦参碱在诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的同时激活NF-κB;PDTC能显著抑制苦参碱诱导的NF-κB活化,NF-κB活性的灰度值由93.64±2.95降至65.78±5.65(F=124.754,P＜0.01),同时促进苦参碱诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,细胞凋亡指数由55.9%±2.8%升高至74.3%±4.8%(P＜0.05).NF-κB的mRNA表达水平与bcl-2的mRNA表达水平呈正相关(r=0.983,P＜0.01).结论苦参碱诱导皮下移植瘤细胞凋亡的同时激活NF-κB;PDTC可通过抑制NF-κB的活化而下调bcl-2的表达,改变bcl-2与bax的比值,增强苦参碱诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between activation of nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κ B) and apoptosis induced by matrine(MT) in transplanted tumor of human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mouse. Methods Tumors were established by injection of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 into the back of nude mice. The mice were divided randomly into four groups: Control group, MT group (35 mg/kg), PDTC group (120 mg/kg) and Combination group: PDTC+MT group (120 mg/kg+35 mg/kg), the reagents were injected peritoneally. The tumor growth curve of nude mice bearing transplanted tumor were observed and the inhibition ratios were evaluated. Apoptosis of carcinoma cells was analyzed by TUNEL. The DNA-bingding activity of NF-κ B was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Expression of bcl-2 and bax in carcinoma tissue were detected by immunohistochemical method.NF-κ B mRNA, bcl-2 mRNA and bax mRNA in carcinoma tissue were detected by RT-PCR. Results Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) could enhance the inhibition of matrine on carcinoma proliferation (P＜0.05). The apoptosis and activation of NF-κB in carcinoma cells could be induced by matrine. PDTC significantly suppressed NF-κ B activation induced by matrine in carcinoma cells from 93.64±2.95 to 65.78±5.65 (F=124.754, P＜0.01). Meanwhile, PDTC increased the apoptosis induced by matrine from 55.9%±2.8%to 74.3%±4.8% (P＜0.05).A positive correlation observed between the expressions of NF-κ B and of bcl2 (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.983,P＜0.01). Conclusions Matrine could induce apoptosis and activation of NF-κ B in transplanted tumor. PDTC could increase apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells might be due to the suppression of NF-κ B activation and the enhancement of bcl-2 expression.