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1.
脂联素与2型糖尿病大血管病变的相关性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨脂联素与2型糖尿病大血管病变的关系.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了50例正常对照组和100例2型糖尿病患者(包括单纯2型糖尿病者50例和有大血管病变者50例)血清中的脂联素.结果 2型糖尿病大血管病变组血清脂联素水平为(3.61±0.72)mg/L,显著低于正常对照组的(6.89±3.28)mg/L(P<0.01)和单纯2型糖尿病组的(4.84±1.92)mg/L(P<0.01).多元逐步回归分析显示,低脂联素与HOMA-IR、TG、LDL-C、FPG是大血管病变发生的危险因素.结论 低脂联素血症是2型糖尿病大血管病变发生发展的独立危险因素.  相似文献   

2.
目的研究2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者非糖尿病一级亲属脂联素、TNF-α、IL-6及C-RP水平的变化及其与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的相关性。方法测定糖耐量正常的T2DM患者一级亲属36例,及无T2DM家族史的正常人对照组46例的血糖、血脂、胰岛素、脂联素、TNF-α、IL-6及hsC-RP。结果①T2DM患者一级亲属组脂联素水平显著低于正常人对照组(11·9±3·0mg/Lvs14·4±3·2mg/L,P<0·01),而TNF-α、IL-6及hsC-RP水平显著高于正常人对照组(分别是14·0±2·8pg/mlvs10·3±2·6pg/ml,P<0·01;13·8±2·7pg/mlvs8·1±2·2pg/ml,P<0·01;1·3±0·4mg/Lvs0·7±0·3mg/L,P<0·01);②T2DM患者一级亲属组IR指数与脂联素呈负相关(r=-0·666,P<0·01),与TNF-α、IL-6呈正相关(分别为r=0·731,P<0·01;r=0·640,P<0·01)。结论脂联素、TNF-α、IL-6及C-RP可能与T2DM患者一级亲属的IR相关。  相似文献   

3.
2型糖尿病大血管并发症患者血浆脂联素质量浓度的变化   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1  
目的了解2型糖尿病大血管并发症患者血浆脂联素质量浓度的变化。方法2004-02~2005-02对广西医科大学第五附属医院内分泌科住院的2型糖尿病并大血管病变组49例,2型糖尿病无大血管病变组54例,健康对照组35名,测定其血浆脂联素水平,同时测定糖尿病患者的血糖、血压、血脂、C肽水平,比较脂联素质量浓度的变化,分析其影响因素。结果正常对照组、糖尿病无大血管病变组、糖尿病有大血管病变组脂联素质量浓度依次降低,分别为(16.37±3.03)mg/L,(6.69±4.42)mg/L,(4.08±3.24)mg/L,组间差异均有显著意义(P<0.001);其中糖尿病合并颈动脉增厚者血浆脂联素又明显低于糖尿病无颈动脉增厚者(P<0.01)。结论血浆脂联素质量浓度在2型糖尿病患者中明显降低,合并大血管病变者降得更低,提示在2型糖尿病合并大血管并发症患者的发病因素中,脂联素的降低有相当重要的关系。  相似文献   

4.
测定糖耐量正常T2DM患者一级亲属35例,及对照组42例的脂联素、抵抗素、TNF-α。结果1.一级亲属组脂联素水平低于正常对照组(12.29&#177;3.64mg/L vs 14.66&#177;3.43mg/L,P〈0.05),而抵抗素、TNF-α水平显著高于正常组(分别是19.02&#177;6.85Pg/ml vs 15.68&#177;6.24pg/ml,P〈0.05;14.12&#177;2.87pg/ml vs 10.43&#177;2.58pg/ml,P〈0.05);2.一级亲属组IR指数与脂联素呈负相关(r=-0.53,P〈0.05),与抵抗素、TNF-α呈正相关(分别为r=0.62,P〈0.05;r=0.48,P〈0.05)。结论脂联素、抵抗素、TNF-α可能与T2DM患者一级亲属的IR相关。  相似文献   

5.
血清脂联素和抵抗素与2型糖尿病及其大血管病变相关   总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2  
测定2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素和抵抗素水平,发现2型糖尿病组血清脂联素浓度(2.51±1.42)mg/L低于正常对照组(5.26±0.78)mg/L,2型糖尿病大血管病变组为(1.38±0.77)mg/L又低于非大血管病变组(3.66±0.91)mg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01).2型糖尿病组血清抵抗素浓度(7.07±1.11)μg/L高于正常对照组(6.09±0.47)μg/L,2型糖尿病大血管病变组为(7.96±0.65)μg/L又高于非大血管病变组(6.10±0.43)μg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01).  相似文献   

6.
血清脂联素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系   总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17  
目的 :研究血清脂联素与冠状动脉 (冠脉 )病变狭窄程度的相关性以及对血管病变稳定性的预测价值。方法 :入选 10 5例男性患者 ,分为 3组 ,急性冠脉综合征 (ACS)患者 5 1例 ,稳定型心绞痛 (SAP)患者 2 9例 ,非冠心病对照组 2 5例 ,进行血清脂联素测定 ,采用Gensini积分系统评定冠脉血管病变狭窄程度。结果 :ACS组血清脂联素水平的对数值 [(0 .6 4± 0 .18)mg/L]明显低于SAP组和对照组 [(0 .81± 0 .2 1)、(0 .81± 0 .2 8)mg/L],均P <0 .0 1。而SAP组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。脂联素与冠脉病变程度Gensini积分呈负相关 (r =- 0 .38,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :脂联素与冠脉狭窄程度以及稳定性显著相关 ,有助于临床评价冠心病病变程度及其进展。  相似文献   

7.
雷米普利和伊贝沙坦改善炎症标志物近期疗效   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的比较2型糖尿病合并动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)病人经血管紧张素转化酶抑制药(angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)和1型血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻断药(anginotensin Ⅱtype 1 receptor blocker,ARB)治疗前、后炎症标志物水平的变化。方法将确诊为2型糖尿病合并AS病人分为ACEI组99例,雷米普利开始剂量2.5 mg/d,逐渐加至5 mg/d;ARB组25例,用伊贝沙坦逐渐加量至150 mg/d;对照组21例,不用以上药物。各组疗程3个月。炎症标志物高敏C反应蛋白(high sensitive C- reactive protein,hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制物-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1)检测采用酶联免疫吸附测定法。结果ACEI组病人治疗后hs-CRP从(7.5±2.5)mg/L下降到(5.2±2.3)mg/L,TIMP-1从(0.53±0.15)μg/L下降到(0.45±0.20)μg/L, TNF-α从(0.49±0.14)ng/L下降到(0.38±0.14)ng/L;ARB组病人治疗后hs-CRP从(7.4±2.5)mg/L下降到(4.6±1.7)mg/L,TIMP-1从(0.57±0.24)μg/L下降到(0.41±0.17)μg/L,TNF-α从(0.55±0.16)ng/L下降到(0.40±0.13)ng/L。其改变差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。而对照组病人治疗后hs-CRP,TIMP-1和TNF-α改变不明显(P>0.05)。治疗前后炎症指标下降值比较,ACEI组和ARB组的hs-CRP和TNF-α下降值差异无统计学意义(P=0.258);而TIMP-1下降值差异有统计学显著意义(P<0.05)。结论使用伊贝沙坦150 mg/d和雷米普利5 mg/d治疗2型糖尿病合并AS病人3个月都有抗炎症作用。伊贝沙坦的抗炎症效果稍优于雷米普利。  相似文献   

8.
目的 检测正常人和胰岛素抵抗综合征患者血清脂联素,进一步探讨脂联素与胰岛素敏感性、血糖、血胰岛素、血脂等的相关性。方法 用减少样本数的Bergman微小模型技术结合静脉葡萄糖耐量试验检测正常、肥胖、糖耐量低减(IGT)和2型糖尿病(DM)患者的胰岛素敏感性指数(SI),同时测定受试者的体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR),检测空腹状态下脂联素和血脂、空腹和餐后2h血糖及胰岛素水平。结果 与正常组相比,肥胖、IGT和2型DM组的SI均显著降低,差异有显著性(P<0.001),而非正常组之间此指标差异无显著性。正常组的血清脂联素[(12.84±3.64)mg/L]显著大于肥胖、IGT和2型DM组[(7.65±2.45、7.55±2.64、5.19±2.36)mg/L,均P<0.001],后3组中2型DM组的脂联素显著低于肥胖和IGT组,差异有显著性(P<0.01,P<0.05),而肥胖组和IGT组间此值差异无显著性。脂联素与SI呈正相关,而与腰围、BMI、WHR和空腹、餐后2h血糖及血甘油三酯呈显著负相关。多元逐步回归分析提示血清脂联素与SI(r~2=0.29)、空腹血糖(r~2=0.26)、WHR(r~2=0.17)具有高度的相关性(均P<0.05)。结论 胰岛素抵抗综合征患者血清脂联素水平显著降低,并以2型DM患者降低更为明显;血清脂联素与SI呈正相关,而与空腹血糖和WHR呈显著负相关。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨血清脂联素(ADP)水平及相关代谢指标与2型糖尿病(T2DM)及其大血管病变的相关性.方法 将80例2型糖尿病患者根据有无大血管病变分为无大血管病变组(30例)和伴大血管病变组(50例),并选取50例健康体检者作为对照组.检测空腹血糖(FPG)、血脂、C反应蛋白(CLRP)及血清脂联素等生化指标.酶联免疫法测定血清脂联素浓度,放射免疫法测定空腹胰岛素(FINS)浓度.计算稳态模式胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).结果 T2DM组脂联素水平与对照组比较降低(P<0.01);T2DM伴大血管病变组脂联素水平显著低于单纯T2DM组(P<0.01).相关分析显示,脂联素与FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR及收缩压(SBP)呈负相关.多元逐步回归分析显示,脂联素与三酰甘油(TG)、FPG、CRP及HOMA-IR密切相关.结论 2型糖尿病及其伴大血管病变患者血清脂联素水平降低,脂联素可能延缓糖尿病及其大血管并发症的发生、发展,动态检测ADP水平对及早发现糖尿病大血管病变有临床意义.  相似文献   

10.
测定糖耐量正常T2DM患者一级亲属35例,及对照组42例的脂联素、抵抗素、TNF-α。结果1.一级亲属组脂联素水平低于正常对照组(12.29±3.64mg/L vs 14.66±3.43mg/L,P〈0.05),而抵抗素、TNF-α水平显著高于正常组(分别是19.02±6.85Pg/ml vs 15.68±6.24pg/ml,P〈0.05;14.12±2.87pg/ml vs 10.43±2.58pg/ml,P〈0.05);2.一级亲属组IR指数与脂联素呈负相关(r=-0.53,P〈0.05),与抵抗素、TNF-α呈正相关(分别为r=0.62,P〈0.05;r=0.48,P〈0.05)。结论脂联素、抵抗素、TNF-α可能与T2DM患者一级亲属的IR相关。  相似文献   

11.
The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin   总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19  
Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.  相似文献   

12.
Relying on a certain degree of abstraction, we can propose that no particular distinction exists between animate or living matter and inanimate matter. While focusing attention on some specifics, the dividing line between the two can be drawn. The most apparent distinction is in the level of structural and functional organization with the dissimilar streams of ‘energy flow’ between the observed entity and the surrounding environment. In essence, living matter is created from inanimate matter which is organized to contain internal intense energy processes and maintain lower intensity energy exchange processes with the environment. Taking internal and external energy processes into account, we contend in this paper that living matter can be referred to as matter of dissipative structure, with this structure assumed to be a common quality of all living creatures and living matter in general. Interruption of internal energy conversion processes and terminating the controlled energy exchange with the environment leads to degeneration of dissipative structure and reduction of the same to inanimate matter, (gas, liquid and/or solid inanimate substances), and ultimately what can be called ‘death.’ This concept of what we call dissipative nature can be extended from living organisms to social groups of animals, to mankind. An analogy based on the organization of matter provides a basis for a functional model of living entities. The models relies on the parallels among the three central structures of any cell (nucleus, cytoplasm and outer membrane) and the human body (central organs, body fluids along with the connective tissues, and external skin integument). This three-part structural organization may be observed almost universally in nature. It can be observed from the atomic structure to the planetary and intergalactic organizations. This similarity is corroborated by the membrane theory applied to living organisms. According to the energy nature of living matter and the proposed functional model, the decreased integrity of a human body's external envelope membrane is a first cause of the structural degradation and aging of the entire organism. The aging process than progresses externally to internally, as in single cell organisms, suggesting that much of the efforts towards the restoration and maintenance of the mechanisms responsible for structural development should be focused accordingly, on the membrane, i.e., the skin. Numerous reports indicate that all parts of the human body, like: bones, blood with blood vessels, muscles, skin, and so on, have some ability for restoration. Therefore, actual revival of not only aging tissue of the human body's membrane, but the entire human body enclosed within, with all internal organs, might be expected. We assess several aging theories within the context of our model and provide suggestions on how to activate the body's own anti-aging mechanisms and increase longevity. This paper presents some analogies and some distinctions that exist between the living dissipative structure matter and inanimate matter, discusses the aging process and proposes certain aging reversal solutions.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract: The effect of swimming at night on rat pineal melatonin synthesis was compared with that of light exposure at night. Rats were forced to swim at 0030 hr (lights out at 2000 hr) and sacrificed by decapitation 15 and 30 min later, immediately after swimming. Other groups of animals were exposed to white light (650μW/cm2) for 15 and 30 min at same time. Swimming caused a rapid and highly significant drop in the melatonin content in the pineal gland; however, the activity of N-acetyltransferase (NAT), the supposed rate limiting enzyme in the melatonin production, was not changed. Despite the drop in pineal melatonin levels, serum concentrations of the indole remained elevated in the rats that swam. In contrast, melatonin levels in the pineal and serum of light exposed rats fell precipitously, accompanied by a significant suppression of NAT activity. Since we anticipated that the strenuous exercise associated with swimming may induce release of artrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from the heart, which in turn could cause the release of pineal melatonin, in a second study we injected physiological saline intravenously to stretch the cardiac muscle and release ANP. Three milliliters of normal saline was injected during the day into the jugular vein of anesthetized rats that were pretreated with isoproterenol to stimulate pineal melatonin production. Animals were killed 15 min after the saline injection, and pineal NAT activity and pineal melatonin levels were measured. The saline injections caused no alteration in the elevated levels of either NAT or melatonin. These data suggest that the disparity in pineal NAT activity (which was high) and pineal melatonin (which was low), in animals swum at night, may not be caused by ANP which is released during strenuous exercise such as swimming.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.  相似文献   

16.
Abstract: Well-established circadian physiology supports the view that photoperiodic time measurement utilizes the coincidence between the presence of light and a photosensitive phase of a 'biological clock' to alter reproductive status—the so-called external coincidence model of seasonal breeding. In this review, we examine the mechanism whereby photoperiod interacts with presumed suprachiasmatic nuclei activity to allow endogenous melatonin to normally synchronize reproductive activity to the optimal time of year. The Romney Marsh sheep is particularly explored as an experimental model. It is suggested that the on/off activity of seasonal reproduction may be a robust mechanism able to be predictably manipulated by the judicious use of the light/dark cycle and exogenous melatonin, but firmly based on circadian principles.  相似文献   

17.
Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.  相似文献   

18.
Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.  相似文献   

20.
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a badly known pathology because its diagnosis is not based on the conventional methods of investigation. The orthostatic test allows to make the diagnosis easily. The objective of this study is to determine cardiovascular autonomic reflexes of 70 patients having POTS. The tests of exploration of the autonomic nervous system practised are: deep breathing, hand grip, mental stress and orthostatic test. The analysis of orthostatic test showed that the increase of the cardiac frequency, relative to the state of “β” peripheral sympathetic hyperactivity occurred before the 2nd minute in 80% of patients. The POTS was considered “florid” in 43% of patients and had complicated of a rough and severe fall of systolic blood pressure inferior to 70 mmHg in four patients, after the fifth minute of the test. The analysis of the different tests had shown vagale hyperactivity in 63% of patients on deep breathing, in 93% of patients on hand grip and in 100% on orthostatic test. The “α” central sympathetic activity was increased in 76% of the cases and “β” central sympathetic activity was high in 83% of cases. The “α” peripheral hyperactivity was observed in 63% of patients on hand grip, and in 44% on orthostatic test. The analysis of cardiovascular autonomic reflexes on patients affected by POTS allowing the determination of their autonomic profile, will contribute probably to a better understanding of this pathology and to a better orientation of its care.  相似文献   

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