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1.
目的了解2010-2013年中国全球基金艾滋病项目的实施,对金华市非政府组织(NGO)参与艾滋病防治工作的影响。方法收集项目地区常规报表、报告和相关资料,描述参与全球基金项目的 NGO的工作成绩。结果共有7家NGO参与了男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测的动员项目,且检测数量逐年增加,2010-2013年各年检测数量分别为156、450、1016和1618人。通过NGO动员,检测发现的HIV阳性率为3.83%(124/3240),与通过高危行为干预参加检测的HIV阳性率(2.48%,158/6372)差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.696,P=0.000)。NGO参与发现的阳性人数占总疫情发现的MSM阳性总人数的40.0%(124/310)。结论 NGO动员MSM参加HIV检测工作效果突出,全球基金项目促进了NGO参与艾滋病防治的力度。NGO参与艾滋病防治的工作模式可行有效,值得推广。  相似文献   

2.
目的比较全球基金艾滋病项目社区组织项目和武汉中盖艾滋病项目,在男男性行为人群(MSM)中的投入与产出。方法收集、整理两个项目2012-2013年在MSM中的投入和产出数据,经处理分析后进行比较。结果全球基金艾滋病项目社区组织项目与武汉中盖艾滋病项目2年间,在MSM中分别投入83.3万元和135.8万元,干预17 539人次、14 246人次,动员检测2232人、7132人,发现艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体阳性52例和228例;前者相应的干预成本、HIV检测成本和新发现阳性成本分别为24.4元/人次、192.3元/人和7371.2元/例;后者的相应成本依次为45.5元/人次、77.5元/人和2496.8元/例。结论在干预效果因严重知行分离现象而乏力的情况下,调整经费投入标准,注重对目标人群的HIV动员检测和阳性发现;而在阳性检出率较低的目标人群中,应继续以有效干预为主,兼重动员检测和阳性发现,实现艾滋病的三级预防。  相似文献   

3.
目的分析昆明市男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况及影响因素,为制定MSM干预策略提供依据。方法 2012年1-12月,动员昆明市辖区内MSM进行HIV抗体检测,收集人口学、行为学和血清学等信息,并运用SPSS 19.0软件对调查结果进行统计分析。结果 2527名MSM参与此次调查,并进行HIV检测。HIV阳性检出率为8.9%(224人),梅毒阳性检出率为3.3%(83/2523)。统计分析发现,文化程度、最近3个月的男性性伴数、最近3个月及最近1次(3个月内)与男性发生肛交时安全套使用情况、既往HIV检测,均是HIV感染的影响因素。结论应针对不同特征的MSM制定切实可行的干预措施,采取不同的模式,注重实效,遏制艾滋病的传播。  相似文献   

4.
目的评估比尔及梅琳达.盖茨基金会资助的艾滋病防治合作项目(简称"中盖项目")的实施,对天津地区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的发现与管理的效果。方法以天津市2008-2010年的中盖项目数据为基础,通过项目检测男男性行为人群(MSM)HIV/AIDS阳性、梅毒阳性的发现结果、项目实施地区HIV/AIDS病人随访率、CD4检测情况以及CD4细胞均值情况的比较,对项目实施对天津地区HIV/AIDS病人的发现与管理的效果进行评估。结果截至2010年底,中盖项目在MSM人群中累计发现233例HIV/AIDS病人,项目发现的HIV感染者,最高占当年全市发现的HIV感染者人数的30.7%。2009年中盖项目MSM人群中,新发现HIV阳性者的CD4检测率为75%,首次CD4检测均值为491.1个/μL,仅次于性病门诊就诊者;2010年中盖项目MSM人群中,新发现HIV阳性者的CD4检测率为96.84%,首次CD4检测均值为461.5个/μL,仅次于公安、司法、在押人员。结论中盖项目的实施,充分发挥了非政府组织的作用,促进了HIV/AIDS病人的早期发现与管理,对当地疾病控制工作产生了有益的影响。  相似文献   

5.
目的探索昆明市艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性男男性行为者(MSM)动员其性伴接受HIV抗体检测的可行性,为扩大检测覆盖面,提高MSM阳性发现率提供依据。方法招募在研究期间检测新发现的和既往发现的HIV抗体阳性MSM的性伴,在签署知情同意和充分咨询并尊重其本人同意后,动员过去1年内与其发生过性行为的性伴接受HIV抗体检测。结果招募HIV阳性MSM作为种子,共118人,其中71名种子成功动员其性伴接受了HIV抗体检测,成功率60.17%(71/118)。动员方式中由种子自己动员其性伴前来检测的占93.42%(71/76),性伴HIV感染率13.16%(10/76)。χ2检验结果显示,既往阳性者与新发现阳性者动员其性伴检测的成功率差异有统计学意义(P0.001);单因素Logistic分析结果显示,性伴HIV感染影响因素中不同的种子类型差异有统计学意义(P0.05),既往阳性者其性伴的HIV感染风险低于新发现阳者的性伴。结论HIV抗体阳性的MSM性伴HIV感染率高,HIV阳性MSM动员其性伴接受HIV抗体检测十分必要且可行,应作为一项预防和控制MSM艾滋病传播的有效策略。  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨疾病预防控制中心与社区组织(CBO)合作,开展对男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测和随访管理的效果。方法 2011-2013年,在上海市虹口区建立疾病预防控制中心、社区卫生服务中心和社区组织合作网络,针对MSM开展HIV抗体动员检测、阳性发现和随访管理服务,收集HIV检测和随访管理的数据,并与同期疾病预防控制中心艾滋病自愿咨询检测门诊(VCT)以及医疗机构来源的数据进行比较。结果三年间与社区组织合作共动员2190人次MSM接受HIV检测,累计发现报告HIV阳性者77例,占虹口区累计新发现MSM HIV阳性者人数的37.56%(77/205),累计管理MSM HIV阳性者54例,占虹口区累计新管理MSM HIV阳性者人数的40.00%(54/135)。社区组织动员新发现的HIV感染者和艾滋病病人(PLWHA)数、管理数、随访率和首次CD+4T淋巴细胞均值均高于疾病预防控制中心VCT门诊及医疗机构途径发现的PLWHA。结论与社区组织合作能有效提高MSM PLWHA发现和随访管理质量。  相似文献   

7.
目的了解青岛地区男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)/梅毒及尖锐湿疣的感染情况。方法利用中盖项目支持平台,对前来接受干预检测的MSM进行相关查体及实验室检查。结果 687名MSM共检出尖锐湿疣41例,检出率为5.97%;梅毒89例,检出率为12.95%;HIV 8例,检出率1.16%。8例HIV阳性患者中,3例合并CA,4例合并梅毒;2例CA患者同时伴有HIV、梅毒阳性;89例梅毒阳性患者中,19例合并CA。结论 MSM中HIV、梅毒及尖锐湿疣感染情况严重,提示临床医生在对MSM的梅毒、尖锐湿疣患者诊治的同时,应注重HIV的检测。  相似文献   

8.
目的分析"天津深蓝工作组"参与扩大艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测和治疗一体化服务的成果,明确社区组织参加艾滋病防治的作用,为政府制定相关政策提供依据。方法对2009-2011年"天津深蓝工作组"干预覆盖的男男性行为人群(MSM)参加HIV检测和接受治疗的情况建立数据库,并进行分析。结果 2009-2011年,深蓝工作组共参与检测MSM 9 482人,HIV初筛阳性率为3.17%(301/9 482);初筛阳性者中接受确证检测的比例为80.73%(243/301),确证阳性率为86.01%(209/243)。2011年发现的确证阳性者全部进行CD4T淋巴细胞计数检测,CD4T淋巴细胞计数平均为405.35个/μL,其中CD4T淋巴细胞计数〉200个/μL的占77.69%(94/121),≤50个/μL的比例为5.79%(7/121)。2009-2011年发现的HIV感染者和病人中,CD4T淋巴细胞计数≤350个/μL的114例病人中,接受抗病毒治疗的99人(占86.84%)。结论天津深蓝工作组参与扩大HIV检测和治疗一体化服务工作,具有动员参加HIV检测人数多、初筛阳性者接受确证检测率高、阳性发现率高、确证阳性者CD4T淋巴细胞计数高、符合治疗标准的接受治疗率高等特点。  相似文献   

9.
目的了解不同类型社会组织参与艾滋病防治工作中男男性行为者(MSM)干预与检测的投入与产出。方法对实施社会组织参与艾滋病防治基金2015—2016年项目的社会组织进行分类,分别分析其经费投入、干预人次数、艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测人数、新发现阳性人数,并计算干预检测转化比例、初筛阳性比例、确证检测比例、确证阳性比例。结果 205个社会组织实施的264个MSM干预项目中,84.5%(223个)为未在民政部门登记的社会组织联合各类的培育基地实施,其中各级疾病预防控制中心作为培育基地实施的占60.5%(135/223)。全部项目平均干预支出为(23.8±0.9)元/人次,平均HIV抗体检测支出为(92.2±1.8)元/人。民政部门登记的社会组织作为实施单位的干预检测转化比例(23.4%)高于未登记的社会组织(22.9%)。在两类社会组织之间,初筛阳性比例、确证检测比例、确证阳性比例差异无统计学意义。结论社会组织参与艾滋病防治,实施MSM干预项目,发挥了社会组织的优势,取得了良好的产出,应继续加大支持力度。  相似文献   

10.
目的探索以疾病预防控制中心(CDC)为枢纽,医疗机构和社会组织(NGO)共同参与的三位一体艾滋病综合防治模式,为建立有效、可持续的艾滋病防治机制及政府决策提供依据。方法描述巴南区从2009年探索构建三位一体模式的过程,分析比较模式运行前后干预和随访管理指标、医疗机构检测点和防治队伍的变化。结果从2009-2012年,暗娼(FSW)、男男性行为人群(MSM)和吸毒人群(DU)的月均干预数,CD4淋巴细胞检测率和随访率均有了很大幅度上升;医疗机构艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测点从2个增加到25个,基层艾滋病防治队伍扩大。结论三位一体模式的建立对艾滋病防治工作起到了积极的作用,值得进一步推广。  相似文献   

11.
Grassroots non-governmental organizations (NGOs) played pivotal roles in HIV prevention among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Their governance and sustainability issues were under-studied. This nation-wide study surveyed leaders of 202 of the HIV related NGOs in China.58.4% of the leaders believed that their NGO would last for ≤5 years; which was negatively associated with perceived good relationship with CDC. 65.3% mentioned ≥3 non-sustainability issues; associated factors included perceived inadequacies in prevention skills, management skills, policy support, technical support, operational support, and CDC’s support; a reverse association was found for frequent collaboration with organizations in China. 30.6% of the leaders mentioned ≥7 governance issues; a stepwise model found a positive association with having no office and negative associations with number of full-time staff and core volunteers. These problems would severely limit the effectiveness of HIV prevention among MSM. Related improvements and support are warranted.  相似文献   

12.
目的探索男男性行为人群(MSM)社区小组开展艾滋病病毒(HIV)快速检测与咨询(简称"快检")工作模式,并在黑龙江省主要城市推广应用。方法采取定性方法建立和完善快检试点工作模式,对比实施确定推广价值,多种交流渠道宣传和推荐,支持有能力、有兴趣的MSM社区小组开展。结果探索出成熟的快检服务和管理模式,推广到全省13个市中的10个;2012年,快检5 264人次,占全省MSM检测总数的23.9%,快检阳性240例,超过全省发现MSM中HIV感染者总数的30%。从浴池快检阳性到疾病预防控制中心(CDC)确证检测的成功转介率为59.7%(46/77),非浴池快检阳性成功转介率为92.6%(151/163)。结论 MSM社区小组开展的快检服务有效提高了MSM HIV检测的覆盖面和干预质量,值得进一步完善和推广应用。  相似文献   

13.
Lorente N  Henry E  Fugon L  Yomb Y  Carrieri MP  Eboko F  Spire B 《AIDS care》2012,24(8):1020-1027
In low- and middle-income countries, men who have sex with men (MSM) are 19 times more likely to be HIV positive compared with background populations. Criminalisation and social rejection of homosexuality in most sub-Saharan African countries reinforce stigma and exclude MSM from prevention activities, including HIV testing. This paper's purpose is to identify factors associated with never having been HIV tested (NHT), among a sample of Cameroonian MSM. In 2008, a community-based study was conducted in Douala, the economic capital city of Cameroon, by a local NGO Alternatives-Cameroun, recruiting participants through the snowball technique and administering a questionnaire during face-to-face interviews. Proximity to HIV was investigated according to the following criteria: knowing at least one person living with HIV and having been exposed to HIV prevention interventions. NHT was defined as reporting to have never been HIV tested. A logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with NHT. Among the 165 MSM of our study group who reported that they were not HIV positive, 19% reported NHT. Factors independently associated with NHT were as follows: being younger, being Muslim, not having a steady male partner, not knowing any person living with HIV and never having been exposed to HIV prevention interventions. In this MSM population, a small proportion reported that they had never been HIV tested and among these, the percentage was higher among individuals not in proximity to HIV. Despite the hostile context of sub-Saharan African countries towards MSM, local and national HIV testing campaigns to date may have played a substantial role in raising HIV awareness in the MSM population living in Douala, and peer-based counselling may have educated those in contact with Alternatives-Cameroun regarding the positive value of HIV testing. This result is a further argument for continuing community-based prevention and extending it to difficult-to-reach MSM.  相似文献   

14.
HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs are usually delivered by government health agencies in China. This study examined the feasibility of using a Chinese non-government organization (NGO) to deliver a VCT program to injection drug users (IDUs) in a southern Chinese city. The process data indicated the program successfully recruited and served 226 male and female IDUs in 4 months. The HIV prevalence rate of the study population was 57.5% by rapid HIV testing with a secondary rapid test to confirm. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations indicated that the VCT program was implemented appropriately and participants' HIV knowledge and safe drug and sex practices were significantly improved after participation in the VCT program. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a Chinese NGO to provide VCT for IDUs and documents the processes and outcomes of the program. There remains a great need to find additional sources to provide VCT and other HIV prevention services to IDUs and other high-risk populations in China. Chinese NGOs have the potential to fill this need.  相似文献   

15.
目的了解中国全球基金艾滋病项目地区,男男性行为人群(MSM)的艾滋病高危性行为的干预工作模式。方法对承担MSM艾滋病高危性行为干预工作的市级和县(区)级疾病预防控制中心(CDC)进行问卷调查。结果调查了30个省(自治区、直辖市)的169个市和595个县(区)CDC,共有4963名干预人员从事MSM的干预工作,月均干预MSM人数为204 355人。对MSM有6种艾滋病高危行为干预模式,分别是:委托社区(草根)组织、聘用目标人群同伴教育员、CDC工作人员、聘用工作人员、委托社区卫生服务中心及相关协(学)会和委托场所业主的干预模式。其中委托社区组织和聘用目标人群做同伴教育员的模式,分别占总干预模式数量的43.5%和27.7%,这两种模式承担了干预工作总量的76.0%和14.4%。有2个省较多采用聘用目标人群做同伴教育员的模式,有2个省全部委托给社区组织。结论在MSM中开展高危性行为干预的诸多模式中,委托社区组织和聘用目标人群做同伴教育员将成为今后MSM高危性行为干预的主导模式。  相似文献   

16.
Few groups in the United States (US) are as heavily affected by HIV as men who have sex with men (MSM), yet many MSM remain unaware of their infection. HIV diagnosis is important for decreasing onward transmission and promoting effective treatment for HIV, but the cost-effectiveness of testing programs is not well-established. This study reports on the costs and cost-utility of the MSM Testing Initiative (MTI) to newly diagnose HIV among MSM and link them to medical care. Cost and testing data in 15 US cities from January 2013 to March 2014 were prospectively collected and combined to determine the cost-utility of MTI in each city in terms of the cost per Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY) saved from payer and societal perspectives. The total venue-based HIV testing costs ranged from $18,759 to $564,284 for nine to fifteen months of MTI implementation. The cost-saving threshold for HIV testing of MSM was $20,645 per new HIV diagnosis. Overall, 27,475 men were tested through venue-based MTI, of whom 807 (3 %) were newly diagnosed with HIV. These new diagnoses were associated with approximately 47 averted HIV infections. The cost per QALY saved by implementation of MTI in each city was negative, indicating that MTI venue-based testing was cost-saving in all cities. The cost-utility of social network and couples testing strategies was, however, dependent on whether the programs newly diagnosed MSM. The cost per new HIV diagnosis varied considerably across cities and was influenced by both the local cost of MSM testing implementation and by the seropositivity rate of those reached by the HIV testing program. While the cost-saving threshold for HIV testing is highly achievable, testing programs must successfully reach undiagnosed HIV-positive individuals in order to be cost-effective. This underscores the need for HIV testing programs which target and engage populations such as MSM who are most likely to have undiagnosed HIV to maximize programmatic benefit and cost-utility.  相似文献   

17.
The majority of early cases of HIV in Russia were among men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite this and the current resurgence of HIV among MSM globally, little systematic work has been done to assess current HIV risks. We conducted a rapid assessment of HIV and associated risk behaviors among MSM in Russia. An anonymous, cross-sectional study was performed among MSM in Moscow and St. Petersburg (January 2008). Participants were enrolled by local NGO partners via peer-recruitment, underwent a brief behavioral survey, and were offered rapid, oral HIV screening. Factors associated with HIV infection were assessed using logistic regression. A total of 401 participants were enrolled. HIV prevalence was comparable in the two cities (6.0% in Moscow, 5.5% in St. Petersburg). Approximately half (49.3%) were under age 25, 75.1% of all men reported unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), and 21.5% reported engaging in unprotected exchange sex in the prior 12 months. HIV infection was the highest (7.7%) among the youngest MSM, those aged 18-22 years. Never having tested for HIV (AOR=6.2; 95% CI: 1.8, 21.9) and ever injecting drugs (AOR=11.3; 95% CI: 2.6, 50.4) were independently associated with HIV infection. We found significant overall HIV prevalence among MSM in Moscow and St. Petersburg, particularly among the youngest men. The majority of men reported ongoing high-risk behaviors, indicating the potential for further spread. HIV prevention efforts need to specifically focus on urban MSM in Russia, encourage testing, and target injection risks to address this epidemic.  相似文献   

18.
目的评价艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测咨询,对男男性行为人群(Men who have sex with men,MSM)艾滋病相关危险行为变化的影响。方法通过问卷调查,收集廊坊市200名MSM参加HIV检测咨询前后高危行为的变化,并进行艾滋病和主要性病的检查,比较艾滋病相关危险行为的变化。结果 200名MSM基线调查HIV抗体阳性率为7.3%,梅毒感染率为19.8%,淋球菌检出率为15.8%;三个月后的随访调查中,梅毒感染率为24.7%,淋球菌感染率为12.2%。随访调查中MSM中多性伴的比例、发生一夜情的比例、肛交以及性交中自己出血的比例,均有所下降(P〈0.05)。按照性病感染状态分层后发现,感染了性病的MSM,被告知检测结果后,发生肛交的比例由73%下降到38%(P〈0.01),群交和性交过程中的出血情况分别由19.2%和23.1%下降到5.8%和5.8%(P〈0.05)。未感染性病的MSM,一夜情的比例从32.5%下降到17.2%(P=0.008),口交比例由57.0%上升到78.5%(P=0.001)。感染了性病的MSM发生肛交的比例要低于健康MSM(χ2=5.189,P=0.023)。结论 HIV检测咨询对MSM艾滋病相关危险行为的改变有积极意义,建议在该人群中推广HIV检测咨询服务,促进高危行为的改变。  相似文献   

19.
HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) women remains low in Thailand. The HIV prevention program (PREV) to increase HIV testing and link those who tested HIV-positive to care provided trainings to peer educators to conduct target mapping, identify high risk MSM and TG women through outreach education and offer them rapid HIV testing. Trained hospital staff provided HIV testing and counseling with same-day results at hospitals and mobile clinics and referred HIV-positive participants for care and treatment. We used a standardized HIV pre-test counseling form to collect participant characteristics and analyzed HIV test results using Poisson regression and Wilcoxon rank sum trend tests to determine trends over time. We calculated HIV incidence using data from participants who initially tested HIV-negative and tested at least one more time during the program. Confidence intervals for HIV incidence rates were calculated using the Exact Poisson method.

From September 2011 through August 2016, 5,629 participants had an HIV test; their median age was 24 years, 1,923 (34%) tested at mobile clinics, 5,609 (99.6%) received their test result, and 1,193 (21%) tested HIV positive. The number of people testing increased from 458 in 2012 to 1,832 in 2016 (p?p?p?HIV testing among MSM and TG women increased during the PREV program. HIV incidence remains alarmingly high especially among young participants. There is an urgent need to expand HIV prevention services to MSM and TG women in Thailand.  相似文献   

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