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1.
流行性乙型脑炎病毒对实验性小白鼠可引起多脏器的病理变化,即肝细胞肝水样变化及脂肪变性,肾小管浊肿,脑细胞变性及间质水肿。心脏细胞呈颗粒样变。肺泡壁毛细血管扩张,肺泡腔有渗出液。电镜观察:神经组织结构较差,自溶坏死现象明显,在细胞中存在散在的病毒颗粒,常存于RER池中及扩张的内质网中,沿膜的外表面串珠状排列。有时形成晶格状排列,膜结构增生。  相似文献   

2.
增生性肾小球肾炎伴晶格状结构的单克隆IgG沉积   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
51岁男性,病程1月,以高血压起病,肾脏损害主要表现大量蛋白尿,低白蛋白血症,伴少量镜下血尿,肾功能异常。肾外表现有轻度正细胞正色素性贫血,血清免疫固定电泳提示κ型IgG单克隆免疫球蛋白条带,骨髓活检和骨髓细胞学检查均阴性。肾活检组织学改变为肾小球系膜细胞、内皮细胞增生,毛细血管袢内较多CD68+细胞浸润,肾小球基膜内皮下大量、少量系膜区、偶见上皮侧嗜复红物沉积,沉积物免疫荧光染色仅IgG1和κ轻链阳性,电镜观察沉积物具有晶格状结构,免疫电镜证实这些晶格状的物质IgG和κ轻链阳性。该患者最终诊断为增生性肾小球肾炎伴具有晶格状结构的单克隆IgG沉积。  相似文献   

3.
1983年洪涛等对兰州、锦州、山东等地的106例成人流行性腹腹泻病人的粪便进行超薄切片的电镜观察,发现101例的标本中有形态与轮状病毒一致的病毒颗粒,其直径约为75nm,内有直径为45nm的致密核心,核心周围有约20nm的双层衣壳,衣壳似由规则的、呈放射状排列的亚单位。他们用免疫电镜检查病人粪便上清液,发现大量的50nm的病毒样颗粒,其形态同脱掉衣壳后的轮状病毒的内核,呈六角形或圆形,  相似文献   

4.
本文报道A蛋白-胶体金免疫电镜(PAG)、普通免疫电镜(IEM)、固相放射免疫法(SPRIA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)用于粪便中甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)的比较检测,其中A蛋白-胶体金免疫  相似文献   

5.
轮状病毒是秋冬季婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原。为了解该病毒在秋冬季婴幼儿腹泻中的作用,我们于1988年11月至1989年3月,收集3岁以下婴幼儿腹泻粪便标本,用酶标法,聚苯酰胺凝胶电泳法(核酸电泳)和电镜法进行研究,现报告如下。  相似文献   

6.
高荣骧  孙淑丽 《山东医药》1994,34(10):33-34
一、结核菌的生物学性状 结核菌1882年由Koch氏发现。对人致病的主要是人型和牛型,侵犯的器官主要是肺脏。结核菌为细长稍弯曲的杆菌,抗酸染色阳性,长1~4μm,宽0.3~0.5μm,镜下排列呈分散状态,杂乱无章,可见团块和束状排列,XVY状排列极少见。受环境和化学药物的影响,可呈球状、串珠状、链状等多形态。每个杆菌可有1个或多个异染颗粒,位于菌体的极端、次极端、中心或偏心。电镜观察结核菌超薄切片,菌体外层为较厚的细胞壁,内层  相似文献   

7.
一、病原学和血清学诊断(一)检测甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)或其抗原:1、检测病人粪便中的 HAV 或其抗原可用免疫电镜、快速免疫电镜、固相放免测定(SPRIA)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)等进行检测。人体试验证明,甲肝病人干发病前2~3周及发病后8~10天的粪便有传染性,而且不存在 HAV 或 HAV抗原的慢性携带者,故如在粪便中检出 HAV  相似文献   

8.
目的 建立一种特异性强,灵敏度高,操作简便的呼吸道腺病毒榆测方法 ,为临床呼吸道腙病毒通用特异诊断试剂的研发奠定实验基础.方法 用生物信息学软件DNAMAN 5.2.2,Gene Runner 3.05,BLAST对GenBank中已收录的10个型别人呼吸道腺病毒核酸伞序列进行比对分析,找出高度保守序列,设计5对腺病毒通用特异引物,同时确保PCR产物具有型别特异性.用NP-40裂解法制备模板,对引物的有效性,特异性及灵敏性进行验证,并应用于64例急性呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子标本的榆测,阳性标本的PCR产物直接测序鉴定血清型.将阳性标本接种HeLa细胞,光镜下观察细胞病变,电镜下观察病毒形态.结果 BLAST结果 表明,5对引物与其他病毒,细菌及人类基因组等无高度同源性,是腺病毒特异性引物.用5对引物扩增人3型腺病毒DNA,均出现阳性H的条带,但不能检测呼吸道合胞病毒柯萨奇病毒,验证了引物的有效性和腺病毒特异性.模板稀释,病毒稀释均可检测列10-5梯度,说明引物具有较高的灵敏性,同时验证了NP-40裂解法的稳定性.64例临床叫拭子标本中检测出2例阳性标本,阳性率为3.13%(2/64).阳性标本接种HeLa细胞,光镜下可见细胞变圆,聚集成葡萄串状,脱落等腺病毒所致细胞病变,电镜下可见细胞核内有典型的晶格状排列的腺病毒颗粒.PCR产物测序结果 表明,2株病毒均为B组腺病毒.结论 成功设计了腺病毒通用的,特异的,同时扩增产物又具有腺病毒型别特异性的引物.用该引物建立的PCR方法 检测呼吸道标本中的腺病毒DNA具有灵敏和特异的特点,适用丁临床常规诊断腺病毒感染.  相似文献   

9.
电镜法、ELISA法及核酸电泳法检测轮状病毒的比较研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文报告用电镜法、ELISA法和PAGE法检测142O份急性腹泻病儿粪便中轮状病毒的结果并进行了评价比较。三法相互对比的符合率:EM与ELISA为89.4%,EM与PAGE为90.3%,ELISA与PAGE为87.8%。实验结果表明三法检测的敏感性近似,均可作为检测轮状病毒的常规方法。文中对三法的特点做了讨论。  相似文献   

10.
中年男性患者,反复发作双下肢皮肤紫癜16年,肾脏损害表现为肾病综合征,大量镜下血尿,血压及血清肌酐升高,轻度贫血。2009年曾行肾活检诊断为"过敏性紫癜性肾炎";2016年5月发现血M蛋白阳性(λ-IgA),重复肾活检为膜增生性肾小球肾炎,免疫荧光提示IgA++,轻链染色λ++、κ-,电镜下见晶格状电子致密物沉积;最终诊断为浆细胞病,伴单克隆λ-IgA沉积的膜增性肾小球肾炎,予沙利度胺治疗效果欠佳,硼替佐米治疗后病情好转。  相似文献   

11.
Background: The diagnosis of an enterovirus infection may be achieved through direct virus detection from fecal or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples by virus isolation or PCR. Serologically, a significant rise in antibody titer may be detected and different enteroviral types can be differentiated using the neutralization assay. Patients and Methods: We investigated the contribution of these different laboratory parameters to the diagnosis of enterovirus infections occurring in the Frankfurt am Main area during the years 1997 to 1999, including an echovirus 30 outbreak in a group of children with aseptic meningitis in 1997. Samples were referred from 1,013 patients; virus isolation was attempted from 579 CSF specimens and from 400 stool samples. 208 CSF samples were tested by PCR. Results: During the echorivus 30 outbreak we identified 22.3% of samples as positive, almost exclusively echovirus 30. In 1998 only 7.1% of samples were positive and a rather broad range of agents was isolated. In 1999 10.4% were positive, predominantly coxsackie B5 and echovirus 11. We could show that in acute enterovirus infections, virus detection by cell culture and PCR is superior to serological methods (neutralization assay and IgM assay). For virus isolation, there was a higher rate of positives from stool compared to CSF (1997: 27.8% versus 25%; 1998: 14.4% versus 3%; 1999: 17.9% versus 8.5%). When comparing PCR and virus isolation from the CSF, the former yielded a higher rate of positive results but was not clearly superior to virus isolation from CSF. Conclusion: The recommended method for the diagnosis of acute enterovirus infections is virus isolation from feces. In cases of suspected aseptic meningitis virus isolation and PCR are valuable for the direct detection of virus in CSF. Received: March 31, 2000 · Revision accepted: March 5, 2001  相似文献   

12.
目的了解烟台地区病毒性脑炎病原谱及其基因特征。方法采集烟台地区病毒性脑炎患者脑脊液46份及粪便标本10份,通过细胞培养分离病毒,RT-PCR扩增肠道病毒VP1区并测序,进行基因序列分析。结果从46例病毒性脑炎患者脑脊液标本中分离到11株病毒,分离率为23.91%,10份粪便标本中分离病毒5株。16株病毒经鉴定7株为肠道病毒,其中EV71型4株。EV71与其他地区流行株VP1区序列差异较小。结论烟台市病毒性脑炎以肠道病毒为主,有EV71型流行,与其他地区流行株相比,EV71型VP1区基因变异较小。  相似文献   

13.
Gas-chromatographic and mass-spectrometric analysis of human fecal samples was performed to identify the volatile compounds responsible for fecal odor. The compounds identified with fecal odor were the methyl sulfides methanethiol, dimethyl disulfide, and dimethyl trisulfide. Skatole and indole, the benzopyrrole volatiles believed to be responsible for fecal odor, in fact elaborated a napthalenelike "mothball" odor in the crystalline state as well as after purging from feces. A small amount of hydrogen sulfide gas was also identified in fecal samples. The components responsible for fecal odor are complex and may be influenced by dietary and endogenous contributions. However, the major components are methyl sulfide compounds rather than skatole and indole as is currently believed.  相似文献   

14.
目的 了解深圳市盐田区人群肠道病毒及常见感染性腹泻病毒隐性感染状况,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。 方法 2020 年在盐田区海山、沙头角、盐田、梅沙四个街道,分别整群随机抽取 1 个社区为调查点,采集居民粪便样本用实时荧光定量 PCR 方法检测诺如病毒、札如病毒、轮状病毒、星状病毒、肠道腺病毒、肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒 71 型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒 A16 型(CV-A16)。 结果 共收集并检测粪便样品 813 份,未检出札如病毒、轮状病毒、星状病毒、肠道腺病毒、EV71 和 CA16;检出肠道病毒通用型 2 例,阳性率为 0. 25%,均为幼童口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗所致;检出诺如病毒 4 例,均为诺如 GⅡ型,阳性率为 0. 49%。 4 例诺如病毒阳性样本成功测序 2 例,分别为 GⅡ. 2-GⅡ. P16 型和 GⅡ. 17-GⅡ. P17 型,均与近年国内流行株有较高同源性。 结论 深圳市盐田区人群存在诺如病毒隐性感染,应加强对重点人群、重点场所的监测。  相似文献   

15.
目的 对鼠类携带的肠道病毒进行检测并分析病毒基因序列特征。方法 设计肠道病毒属一致-简并引物,采用RT-PCR方法对宁波口岸捕获的鼠类肠道内容物样品进行检测,对PCR产物进行测序,并将所测序列与国内外 肠道病毒属病毒株序列进行核苷酸同源性分析和构建种系进化树。根据基因序列比对结果,采用鼻病毒通用引物进行验证。结果 共检测165份鼠类样品,2份黄毛鼠样品经检测为阳性,扩增片段大小为378 bp,标识为DXEV1601。片段的系统发生分析显示DXEV1601与人鼻病毒1B SC9813株位于同一进化分支,与23个不同肠道病毒属病毒流行株同源性相似度范围为50.3%~59.6%。经鼻病毒特异性引物扩增为阳性。结论 宁波地区野生鼠类中存在鼻病毒感染。  相似文献   

16.
Ethiopian wolves, Canis simensis, live in large multi-male family packs, where males are philopatric and do not disperse. Within a pack, mating and breeding is largely monopolized by the dominant male and female, although extra-pack copulations are common, and subordinate males may sire pups in neighboring packs. Regardless of paternity, all males in a pack help rear the pups. We non-invasively studied patterns in fecal testosterone and glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations using radioimmunoassays of fecal samples collected from nine wild male Ethiopian wolves between August 2007 and February 2008. We tested the predictions of the Challenge Hypothesis, namely that fecal testosterone metabolite concentrations would be higher during the annual mating season, which is the portion of the reproductive cycle when mating and increased aggression typically occur, and lower when there were pups in the pack for which to care. Contrary to the predictions of the Challenge Hypothesis, we did not detect patterns in fecal testosterone metabolite concentrations associated with reproductive stage during our study period. Similarly, we found no patterns associated with reproductive stage in male fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations. Dominant males had higher average fecal testosterone and glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations than did subordinates, which may be related to higher rates of aggression and mate guarding in dominant males of group-living canids, a pattern also reported in African wild dogs, Lycaon pictus.  相似文献   

17.
广西地区5种动物戊型肝炎病毒RNA的检测   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的了解广西地区与人关系密切的猪、鼠、狗、猕猴和鱼等5种动物戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)。方法对广西地区3月龄以下狗、猪粪便标本及龙虎山自然景区猴粪便标本,鱼胆汁标本,鼠肝组织,猪、鼠、狗HEV抗体阳性血清,用巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应法(RT—nPCR)检测戊型肝炎病毒核糖核酸(HEVRNA)。结果在3月龄以下猪粪便标本检测出HEVRNA,阳性率为10.08%(13/129),其余各种动物粪便、肝组织、胆汁、HEV抗体阳性血清标本均未检测出HEVRNA。结论猪粪便标本存在HEVRNA,该地区应加强动物粪便特别是猪粪便的管理,以预防戊型肝炎病毒的感染。  相似文献   

18.
A multiplex real-time PCR was developed and evaluated for the simultaneous detection of Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Oesophagostomum bifurcum in fecal samples. Using well-defined control samples (N = 150), known positive fecal samples (N = 50), and fecal samples from an area in Ghana where human infections with all 3 nematode species are endemic (N = 339), the method proved to be highly specific and sensitive. Cycle threshold (Ct) values, reflecting parasite-specific DNA load, showed significant correlation with the intensity of infection as measured by microscopy using Kato-Katz fecal smears or by species specific third-stage larval count after coproculture. The multiplex real-time PCR described combined with the simple fecal sample collection procedure and the potential for high throughput makes this approach a powerful diagnostic tool to study species-specific transmission patterns of human hookworm-like infections. Moreover, this procedure facilitates monitoring of intervention programs and allows species-specific detection of treatment failure following rounds of mass treatment.  相似文献   

19.
20.
肠道病毒感染致暴发性致死性心肌炎   总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6  
目的:探讨肠道病毒感染与云南省暴发性心肌炎病因学关系。方法:选用新建立的免疫组织化学方法对云南省死于暴发性心肌炎及非感染性疾病患者心肌组织进行肠实现 毒抗原位检测,同时用相同方法检测患者心肌组织中是否存在腺病毒,巨细胞病,乙型及丙型肝炎病毒。结果:10例死于心肌炎暴发流行期及2例阳性对照患者心肌组织中均发现肠道病毒抗原存在,但死于其他疾病者未发现肠道病毒抗原,患者心肌组织中亦无其它致心肌炎病毒抗原存在。结论:研究结果支持肠道病毒感染为云南省暴发致死性心肌炎发病病因。  相似文献   

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